Chap 13 – Flashcard

Which of the following plantation values strongly influenced southern life before the Civil War? 1. respect for whites, hatred of blacks, and love of God 2. slavery, honor, and male domination 3. chastity, honor, and virtue 4. slavery, godliness, and cleanliness

The effect of the institution of slavery on southern society was that 1. people who owned no slaves generally disapproved of the planters' practices. 2. planters treated whites who owned no slaves as far inferior to themselves. 3. whites were unified around race rather than divided by social class. 4. poor whites identified more with free blacks than with planters and agitated for laws to protect them.

As late as 1850, there were no statewide public school systems in the South because 1. state legislatures failed to provide many essential services, and planters saw no need to educate their workforce. 2. Southerners were too involved in making money for themselves. 3. the South had no money for schools. 4. Southerners sent their sons and daughters to the North for schooling.

Plantation owners often described the master-slave relationship in terms of "paternalism," 1. which meant that the master's relationship with his slave mirrored his relationship with God. 2. a concept whereby a slave's labor and obedience were exchanged for the master's care and guidance. 3. which meant that masters had no direct contact with their slaves. 4. which is to say that the relationship between master and slave was akin to that of government and citizen.

Most white Southerners in the antebellum South 1. worked small farms with the help of only a few slaves. 2. considered themselves planters. 3. had about twenty slaves, including domestic servants. 4. did not own slaves.

In the decades after 1820, the most important factor dividing the North and the South was 1. railroad expansion in the North. 2. the existence of an ever-increasing number of slaves in the South. 3. the industrialization of the North. 4. the agricultural dominance of the South.

In 1860, the largest number of white Southerners 1. were planters. 2. were nonslaveholding yeoman farmers. 3. owned no land at all. 4. owned a small number of slaves.

According to historians, a planter in the antebellum South may be distinguished from a farmer by virtue of his 1. owning at least twenty slaves. 2. earning all of his income from cotton. 3. owning at least one hundred acres of land. 4. owning at least one hundred slaves.

Southern whites of all classes were unanimous in their commitment to 1. keeping cotton their primary source of income. 2. white supremacy. 3. the teachings of Christianity. 4. keeping industrial growth to a minimum in the South.

Because the South lacked economic diversity, 1. railroads were reluctant to build in the South. 2. the government dragged its feet in creating an effective banking system there. 3. newly arrived European immigrants tended to settle in the North. 4. it was dependent upon the North for food products.

Initially, the white South defended slavery as a "necessary evil"; eventually, however, southern intellectuals began to argue that slavery was 1. a segment of southern society that could not be dismissed. 2. a positive good because it civilized blacks and brought them Christianity. 3. essential to the cotton industry. 4. a long-standing institution and—for that reason alone—should be continued.

The staple crop in the tidewater area from the Carolinas into Georgia, which required canals, dikes, and huge numbers of slaves, was 1. rice. 2. tobacco. 3. hemp. 4. cotton

Which of the following restrictions were placed on the 260,000 free blacks by 1860? 1. Curfews said that all blacks must be off the streets in urban areas by 8 p.m. 2. Free blacks could not borrow money from lending institutions or own slaves. 3. Free blacks were subjected to special taxes, prohibited from interstate travel, denied the right to have schools and to participate in politics, and forced to carry "freedom papers." 4. Free blacks could not attend white churches, legally marry, or own property

A widespread form of protest that particularly angered masters was 1. poisoning chickens and pigs. 2. scorching the family's clothes on ironing day. 3. burying the family's silver. 4. running away.

Planters in the nineteenth century promoted Christianity in the slave quarters because 1. they knew the preachers would bring joy and thus make the slaves happier and live longer. 2. evangelicals were advocating Christianizing the slaves. 3. they didn't want infidels playing with their children. 4. they believed that the slaves' salvation was part of their obligation and that religion would make slaves more obedient.

Upcountry yeomen, who lived in the hills and mountains, 1. were as well educated as the average Northerner. 2. were commonly opposed to the slavery system of their plantation neighbors. 3. raised hogs, cattle, and sheep, and sought self-sufficiency and independence. 4. concentrated on raising tobacco rather than cotton, with the help of one or two slaves

Plantation mistresses were like slaves in that their husbands 1. did not allow them to carry out their duties without supervision. 2. treated them unkindly. 3. demanded that they be subordinate. 4. admired their physical strength.

At the bottom of the social scale in the South were poor whites, who 1. made and sold moonshine to get by. 2. worked ambitiously and hoped to move up and away from their miserable living conditions. 3. owned only ten to twenty acres of farmland. 4. had no chance or hope of upward mobility.

The southern lady has been idealized in history; in reality 1. she was waited on by servants and had few responsibilities. 2. she was only responsible for entertaining and for the education of her children. 3. she was often idle because her only responsibility was to bear children. 4. she could have the responsibility of managing servants, directing the slave hospital, and supervising the henhouse and dairy.

Open slave revolts were uncommon in the South because 1. whites outnumbered blacks two to one by 1860 and were heavily armed, so rebels had almost no chance of success. 2. slaves lacked the organizational skills needed to stage a revolt. 3. slaves were not allowed to have firearms or machetes. 4. vicious hunting dogs were used by planters to keep blacks in tow.