ch. 7 speedback and self-check – Flashcards
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The "flight or fight" response that is triggered by anxiety primarily involves the _____ nervous system. a. peripheral b. somatic c. parasympathetic d. autonomic
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d.
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According to recent research (Johnson et al., 2000), an increased risk of developing anxiety disorders was found among teenagers who: a. used anabolic steroids for 6 months or more b. smoked 20 or more cigarettes daily c. drank alcohol every day d. smoked pot more than once per week
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b.
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about panic disorder with or without agoraphobia? a. an individual who suffers through an agoraphobic situation rather than avoiding it entirely is not considered agoraphobic b. women are more likely than men to cope with panic disorder by drinking alcohol c. approximately 75% of those with agoraphobia are male d. most individuals with panic disorder will also avoid internal sensations that produce physiological arousal
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d.
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Phobic reactions to all of the following are included in the natural-environment subtype of specific phobias with the exception of: a. animals b. heights c. deep water d. storms (including thunder and lightning)
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a.
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You are told about a child who has shown behavior consistent with "separation anxiety." To determine whether the child actually has a disorder or whether the behavior is normal, you would first need to know: a. whether the child is a boy or a girl b. the child's age c. how long the child has shown this behavior d. if other family members have anxiety disorders
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b.
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Which of the following is a correct match between "normal" childhood fears and the approximate age of onset? a. age 10: evaluation by others, anxiety over physical appearance b. ages 1-2: loud noises and strangers c. age 3: separation from parents, fears of animals and the dark d. infancy: monsters and other imaginary creatures
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a.
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The most prevalent psychological disorder in the general population is: a. social phobia b. panic disorder c. school phobia d. agoraphobia
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a.
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A friend stated that when she went to a clinic, she had to spend 30- to 60-second sessions shaking her head from side to side, spinning in a chair, tensing all her muscles, hyperventilating, or breathing through a narrow straw. She is surprised that you correctly guessed that she is receiving treatment for: a. social phobia b. posttraumatic stress disorder c. specific phobia d. panic disorder
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d.
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Actions, or sometimes thoughts, that an individual with OCD uses to reduce anxiety are called: a. habits b. rituals c. operants d. fixations
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b.
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A young child has thoughts about hating her younger brother and wishing he would die. She becomes very anxious about these thoughts because she has developed the idea that if anything really happened to him, it would be her fault. This pattern of thinking is called: a. fundamental responsibility b. thought-action fusion c. thought suppression d. neutralizing
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b.
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According the textbook, treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder have included all of the following except : a. psychosurgery b. exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) c. medication d. shock therapy (ECT)
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d.
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_____ is a psychological experience characterized by concern about future events, whereas _____ is characterized by concern about current circumstances. a. anxiety; fear b. fear; anxiety c. panic; anxiety d. depression; anxiety
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a.
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You are driving down the street and you suddenly start to feel scared. Your heart is racing, your breathing is more rapid than usual, you are dizzy, and your palms are sweaty. However, you are not faced with any actual danger. What is the name of this experience? a. depersonalization b. panic attack c. anxious avoidance d. true alarm
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b.
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Situationally bound panic is more common in which of the following disorders? a. posttraumatic stress disorder b. specific phobia c. generalized anxiety disorder d. obsessive-compulsive disorder
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b.
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Which anxiety disorder is the basic syndrome whose symptoms seem to underlie most other anxiety disorders? a. generalized anxiety disorder b. panic disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. simple phobia
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a.
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Which symptom is more likely to be associated with panic than generalized anxiety? a. difficulty sleeping b. autonomic arousal c. muscle tension d. irritability
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b.
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Which of the following is true about generalized anxiety disorder? a. its course tends to be chronic b. it is the least common of the anxiety disorders. c. it is most common in people 15-24 years of age d. it is much more common in men than women
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a.
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Pat is reluctant to attend movies, concerts, or other cultural events because in those situations he worries that he might experience sudden and overwhelming anxiety. Pat's symptoms are most consistent with: a. panic disorder b. simple phobia c. agoraphobia d. social phobia
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c.
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Which of the following is not true about panic disorder and agoraphobia? a. panic disorder is a fairly common anxiety disorder, occurring in approximately 3.5% of the population b. children with panic disorder are more likely than adults to report fear of losing control c. more women than men have panic disorder and agoraphobia d. onset of panic disorder usually occurs in early adult life, with the mean age of onset between 25-29 years
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d.
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Most people experience symptoms of panic at some point in their lives, but only a small proportion develop a full-blown panic disorder. What is different about those people who do develop the disorder? a. they worry about the possibility of having another attack in the future b. they have a genetic vulnerability to stress c. they believe that unexpected bodily sensations might be dangerous d. all of these
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d.
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Marty has a fear of dogs. Which of the following suggests that his fear qualifies as a specific phobia rather than just an everyday fear? a. Marty's fear of dogs comes and goes following an episodic pattern b. Marty will only work night shifts because he thinks all dogs will be inside c. Marty believes that his fear of dogs is reasonable and appropriate d. Marty owns a cat but does not own a dog and never has owned one
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b.
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Which of the following experiences is least likely to lead to the development of a snake phobia? a. reading a book about exotic snakes b. watching someone show significant fear around a snake c. hearing a vivid story about someone getting bitten by a snake d. having a panic attack when visiting the snake exhibit at the zoo
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a.
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Carly refuses to speak in front of a group because she worries that people will criticize her and think she is stupid. Carly's concern is a symptom of: a. specific phobia b. social phobia c. agoraphobia d. panic disorder
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b.
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Research has shown that people with social phobia are more likely to remember faces with: a. sad expressions b. scared expressions c. accepting expressions d. critical expressions
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d.
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Every morning when he leaves for work, Anthony has recurring doubts about whether he locked his front door. He continues thinking about this throughout the day, to the distraction of his work. Anthony is experiencing: a. derealization b. compulsions c. obsessions d. panic
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c.
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In treating panic disorder, all of the following types of medications are used except : a. opiates b. SSRIs c. SNRIs d. benzodiazepines
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a.
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In the case of Richard, the patient with OCD described in the textbook, he was compelled to take very small steps as he walked and to look back repeatedly. As with other types of checking compulsions, Richard was trying to: a. reduce the possibility of contamination b. ward off an imagined disaster c. make sure he didn't make a mistake d. restore a sense of safety and control
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b.
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Anxiety is closely related to which of the following psychological disorders? a. schizophrenia b. depression c. dementia d. psychosis
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b.
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The anxiety disorder called social phobia, involving anxiety about being evaluated or criticized, usually begins during: a. adolescence b. childhood c. middle age d. young adulthood
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a.
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Research studies have shown that when treating patients with OCD, adding medication to exposure and ritual prevention (ERP): a. does not produce any additional therapeutic advantage b. causes patients to discontinue treatment c. is equal to drug treatment alone d. is better than ERP alone
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a.
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The area of the brain most often associated with anxiety is the: a. occipital lobe b. limbic system c. corpus callosum d. reticular activating system
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b.
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In regard to OCD, when the term "magical" is used to refer to compulsive acts, it means: a.compulsive behaviors are similar to superstitions b. the person with OCD believes he/she is possessed c. the compulsions have no logical relation to the obsessions d. many magicians have been diagnosed with OCD
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c.
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Which type of panic attack is most closely related to phobias? a. situationally predisposed b. unexpected c. specific to situation d. uncued
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c.
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The model of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder suggests that for an individual to develop OCD, _____ must be present. a. neither biological nor psychological vulnerabilities b. psychological vulnerability c. both biological and psychological vulnerabilities d. biological vulnerability
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c.
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According to your textbook, there are at least four ways of developing a phobia. Which is not one of these ways? a. observing someone else experience severe fear b. in certain conditions, being told about danger c. experiencing a panic attack in a specific situation d. having a nightmare about a feared situation
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d.
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All of the following neurotransmitter systems are associated with anxiety EXCEPT a. noradrenergic. b. corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) system. c. dopamine. d. GABA-benzodiazepine.
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not a b?
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In regard to pharmacological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder, the most effective drugs are those that inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitter called: a. dopamine b. serotonin c. noradrenaline d. epinephrine
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b.
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Recent research by Barlow (2002) and others indicates that vulnerability to anxiety disorders is related to: a. the number of siblings in one's family b. one's sense of control over environmental events c. genetic or biological factors only d. the number of unexpected occurrences in one's life
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b.
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Agoraphobic avoidance behavior appears to be determined by: a. how recently the last panic attack occurred b. how severe the panic attacks have been c. the extent to which the person expects another panic attack to occur d. the number of panic attacks the person has had in the past
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c.
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When a person believes that thinking about hurting someone is just as bad as actually hurting someone, that person is experiencing: a. an obsession b. thought-action fusion c. a compulsion d. a false alarm
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b.
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A teenage girl had recently been having panic attacks while shopping at the mall. She was sitting in her room feeling very depressed. To cheer her up, a friend suggested that they both go to an exercise class. Shortly after the warm-up started, however, she had another panic attack. What is the best explanation for this occurrence? a. she was angry with the friend for insisting that she go out b. the medication that had been prescribed for her was only treating the depression, not the anxiety c. the physical sensations experienced during exercise had become an internal cue for panic to occur d. the exercise class was an unconditioned stimulus that resulted in a panic attack
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c.
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Which of the following would not be considered an example of social phobia? a. a student who is reluctant to speak up in a classroom due to fear of embarrassing herself b. an individual who cannot travel on public transportation without a family member present c. a male who has difficulty urinating in a public restroom when others are present d. a person who can only eat comfortably when he is alone
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not c b?
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All of the following are characteristics common to specific phobias except : a. recognition by the person with the phobia that the anxiety is excessive or unreasonable b. strong and persistent anxiety related to a specific object or situation c. significant attempts by the anxious individual to avoid the phobic situation d. decreased arousal of the autonomic nervous system
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d.
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Research studies have found that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is particularly prevalent among: a. teenage girls b. mid-life males c. the elderly d. young adult males
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c.
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A psychological disorder in children characterized by unrealistic and persistent worry that something will happen to their parents and that may result in refusal to leave home is called: a. situational phobia b. school phobia c. separation anxiety d. globus hystericus
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c.
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Which of the following is not an example of a situational phobia? a. fear of flying b. animal phobia c. claustrophobia d. fear of public buses
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b.
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The compulsions that an individual with OCD uses to suppress disastrous consequences or ward off intrusive thoughts can be either: a. behavioral or mental b. biological or psychological c. autonomic or somatic d. positive or negative
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a.
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In OCD, certain types of obsessions lead to certain types of compulsions. From the following, choose the one that is a correct match between an obsession and its consequent rituals: a. sexual obsessions: checking b. aggression obsessions: cleaning c. contamination: ordering d. symmetry: hoarding
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a.
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is often accompanied by all of the following except : a. panic attacks b. visual hallucinations c. major depression d. severe generalized anxiety
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b.
