Ch. 4 Test – Flashcards

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Madisonian principles in the Constitution were based on
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concern that the government would be dominated by a majority or minority faction
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The foundation for natural rights philosophy is that human beings
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derive their rights from nature
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How does Thomas Paine describe the natural state of man?
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All people are born equal
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Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had the power to
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regulate commerce
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In Federalist 10, James Madison observed that "the most common and durable source of faction has been
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the various and unequal divisions of property"
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The view of human nature most prevalent among the founders was
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people are self-interested in acquiring wealth and power
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Which of the following Supreme Court cases established judicial review?
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Marbury v. Madison
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Which of these was NOT among John Locke's key philosophical concepts?
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checks and balances
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Reflecting the natural rights philosophy, the Declaration of Independence stated that the governments derive their just powers from
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the consent of the governed
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The debates between Federalist and Anti-Federalists were primarily about which of the following issues?
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the scope and power of the federal government
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The Supreme Court's power of judicial review permits the Court to overrule all of the following EXCEPT
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the Bill of Rights
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In determining Congressional representation and taxation, the Constitution
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counted slaves as three-fifths of a person
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The Virginia and New Jersey Plans introduced at the Constitutional Convention differed mainly over whether
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the legislative branch should represent the population or the states.
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Which of the following is a fundamental element of the United States Constitution?
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division of governmental authority across political institutions
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How does madison define a faction in federalist 10?
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citizens united by a common impulse who violates others' rights.
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under the articles of confederation, most power rested within the
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state legislatures
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according to madison in federalist 10, how does the republican principle overcome the danger posed by minority factions?
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the interests of minority factions can be suppressed by a single vote.
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according to madison in federalist 51, how does the constitution help ensure that the separation of powers is maintained?
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by having the various institutions of government act as a check on each other
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what view of government does thomas paine express in common sense?
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it is a necessary evil
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in federalist 51, madison notes that if men were angels,
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government would not be necessary.
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the framers of the constitution all believed that one of the primary functions of government is
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protecting individual property rights
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we hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights that among these are life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. this quotation reflects beliefs mainly derived from
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john lockers theory of natural rights
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which of the following ideas is NOT associated with John Locke?
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legislative, exectuive, and judicial powers should be divided among three branches of government
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"in framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies..." This passage from the Federalist Papers refers to the need for
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a system of checks and balances
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two key elements of james madisons ideas for government were
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keep most of the government beyond the control of popular majority and separate the powers of different situations
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which historical event best demonstrates the operation of checks and balances
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the senate approved the appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court
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constitutional amendments are usually ratified by
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legislatures of three-fourths of the states
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according to madison in federalist 51, in a republican government, which institution necessarily predominates?
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the legislative authority
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john lockers theory of the social contract, as developed in the United States Decleration of Independence, stated that
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the people should revolt against a government that did not protect their rights
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the writers of the united states constitution created a federal form of government primarily to
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divide powers between levels of government
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after the revolution, power in the state legislatures shifted
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from the wealthy to those with more moderate incomes
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which of the following illustrates the effects that the system of checks and balances and separation of powers on the legislative process?
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II and IV only
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according to madison, where are majority factions least likely to occur?
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in large republics
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in the federalist papers, james madison expressed the view that political factions
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are undesirable but inevitable in a free nation
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which of the following most accurately describes the legislature created by the connecticuit compromise?
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a bicameral legislature; with the senate appointed by state legislature and the house selected by popular vote
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the legislative process at the national level reflects the intent of the framers of the constitution to create a legislature that would
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be cautious and deliberate
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it is emphatically the province and the duty of the judicial department to what the law is... a law repugnant to the constitution is void. this quotation summarizes ________ and was written by ________.
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judicial review, John Marshall
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in federalist 78, hamilton describes the judiciary as
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"least dangerous" to political rights
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all of the following are specifically mentioned in the constitution except
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judicial review
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the power of judicial review is
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Specifically mentioned in Article II
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the ______, offered as one possible scheme at the constitutional convention, called for each state to be equally represented in congress.
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New Jersey Plan
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as originally established by the constitution, the house of representatives had how many representatives for each state?
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it depended on the states' population
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in marbury v. madison, the supreme court assured the power of the court to
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check the actions of the branches through judicial review
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informal changes to the constitution have reflected changes in all of the following except
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technology
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under the madisonian model of government, people or groups desiring change
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must usually have a sizable majority
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the virginia and new jersey plans introduced at the constitutional convention differed mainly over whether
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the legislative branch should represent the population or the states
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The Supreme Court's chief weapon in the system of checks and balances is the
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judicial review it exercises
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One of the most serious criticisims the Anti Federalists directed at the Constitution was that it
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lacked a bill of rights
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all of the following are ways that the legislative branch can check the powers of the executive branch EXCEPT
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congress may pass a law declaring presidential actions unconstitutional
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which of the following governmental bodies is most directly responsible to the electorate?
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The House of Representatives
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James Madison
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wanted the Constitution to forbid the growth of groups and factions
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Until the passage of the _____ amendment, senators were chosen by state legislatures
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17th
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the constitution states that "the president shall have the power to make treaties with the advice and consent of the senate. this illustrates
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checks and balances
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in the constitution as originally drafted in 1788, the provisions regarding which of the following most closely approximate popular, majoritarian democracy?
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election of members of the house of representatives
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all of the following issues were decided in the constitution EXCEPT
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voting qualifications of the electorate
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supreme court justices were given tenure subject to good behavior by the framers of the constitution in order to ensure that
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justices are free from direct political pressure
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the procedure for formally amending the constitution best illustrates which of the following?
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the federal structure of the united states governemnt
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which of the following is argued by James Madison in federalist 10
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a system of republican representation helps to limit the excesses of factionalism
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the constitution as ratified in 1788 most clearly reflects the framers' commitment to
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the principle of limited government
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the most important effects of constitutional amendments has been to
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expand liberty and equality
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