ch 4 pain (patho final) – Flashcards

What is the definition of endorphins? a. neurotransmitters at the nociceptors b. transmitters for sensory impulses c. opiate-like blocking agents in the central nervous system d. pain-causing chemical mediators

Pain perceived in the left arm during the course of a heart attack is an example of: a. referred pain b. phantom pain c. chronic pain d. subjective pain response

A headache that is related to changes in cerebral blood flow is classified as a/an ________ headache. a. tension b. sinus c. migraine d. intracranial

What is a common analgesic administered to control a moderate level of pain? a. meperidine b. acetaminophen c. codeine d. ibuprofen

Which of the following applies to spinal anesthesia? a. It causes analgesia with loss of consciousness. b. The drug is injected into CSF or the epidural space of the spinal cord. c. The drug stimulates release of endorphins in the spinal cord. d. The transmission of pain impulses is blocked in a small area of the body.

Which of the following occurs frequently with acute pain but not with chronic pain? a. depression and debilitation b. a perception of increased generalized pain and discomfort c. fatigue and lower pain tolerance d. a stress response

What is the role of nociceptors? They are: a. pain receptors that are stimulated by thermal, chemical, or physical means b. spinal nerves that conduct impulses from specific areas of the skin c. responsible for the state of arousal with pain d. useful in localizing pain to a specific area of the body

Intractable pain is best defined as: a. pain that is perceived as occurring in an amputated limb b. severe pain that cannot be controlled by medication c. pain perceived as coming from a source other than the actual source d. pain coming from a specific dermatome

Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. The brain is more aware of pain impulses when the reticular activating system is depressed. b. Acute pain does not cause a reflex response at the spinal cord synapses. c. Young infants respond to pain with tachycardia and increased blood pressure. d. Chronic pain is easier to tolerate without negative effects.

Ibuprofen is classified as an NSAID and particularly useful in treating: a. severe pain b. pain caused by inflammation c. intracranial pain d. pain in young infants

Which of the following analgesics acts to reduce pain at the peripheral site? a. acetaminophen b. morphine c. codeine d. intravenous general anesthesia