Ch. 3 A&P Cells – Flashcards
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A protein that spans the cell membrane is termed a(n)
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integral protein.
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Cancer can result if
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mitosis is too frequent or does not stop.
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Which of the following describes a lysosome?
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A tiny, membranous sac that contains enzymes that degrade worn cell parts and debris.
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Lucky people who cannot be infected with HIV are protected because
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their cells lack receptors that admit the virus
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The function of the nucleus is to
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direct the activities of the cell.
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Cells are measured in
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micrometers.
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The three major parts of a cell are
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the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane
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The nucleolus contains
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RNA and protein.
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The defining characteristic of a stem cell is
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self-renewal.
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Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a
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network of interconnected membranes.
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Which of the following is isotonic to red blood cells?
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0.9% NaCl solution
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Bone cells and muscle cells differ in structure and function because
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each expresses a different subset of genes.
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Cells lose water when placed in a __________ solution.
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hypertonic
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Stages of the cell cycle unfold in the following order:
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interphase, mitosis, cytoplasmic division, differentiation
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If a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution
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the cell will swell and may eventually burst.
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A young man who ran 6 miles a day throughout high school is injured during his first season running cross country in college, and must rest for three months, then gradually begin exercising again. The skeletal muscle size in his lower limbs decreases during this prolonged period of inactivity. The organelles that break down his muscle protein are
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lysosomes.
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Which organelle contains the nucleolus?
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the nucleus.
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A hypotonic solution
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has a lower concentration (number) of solute particles than do the cells in the solution.
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Apoptosis is also known as
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programmed cell death.
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The two types of genes that, when abnormal, cause cancer are
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tumor suppressors and oncogenes.
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Which of the following correctly describes the structural organization of the cell membrane?
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A bilayer of phospholipid molecules in which protein molecules are embedded and can move
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The sequence of organelles and cell parts that a secretion encounters is
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nucleus, ER, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, cell membrane.
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In a cell, lipids are synthesized in the
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smooth ER.
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Stem cells taken from a person to be used to treat a disease in that same person come from
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the body and unaltered or from reprogrammed cells.
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An isotonic solution
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has the same osmotic pressure as the cells in the solution.
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Chromosomes duplicate during
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interphase
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Cellular adhesion molecules are
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peripheral proteins.
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Cytoskeletal structures that are not found in all cell types are
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intermediate filaments.
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Which of the following does not influence the rate of diffusion?
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The amount of energy available for transport molecules
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If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the concentration inside,
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water will leave the cell by osmosis.
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A selectively permeable membrane
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allows some substances to pass through and excludes others.
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For which of the following organelles is the structure and function correctly described?
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Endoplasmic reticulum-network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals; packages protein molecules for secretion
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Adrenoleukodystrophy is caused by deficiency of a protein in the outer membrane of
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peroxisomes.
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Centromeres of replicated chromosomes separate during mitotic
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anaphase.
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Filtration is the movement of molecules through a membrane
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by hydrostatic pressure that is greater on one side of the membrane than on the other.
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Molecules bind to receptor sites and are enclosed in vesicles in the process of
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receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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Vesicles are formed from
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cell membrane.
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A hypertonic solution
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has a greater concentration (number) of solute particles than do the cells in the solution.
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The organelle where energy is captured and stored in the chemical bonds of ATP is a
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mitochondrion.
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The main function of cristae is to
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increase the surface area for chemical reactions.
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The structures in the nucleus that serve as a "mitotic clock" are
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telomeres
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What characteristic do simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion share?
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Both move a substance from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration without cellular energy.
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The cell membrane
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all answer choices are correct
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The relationship of osmotic pressure and the number of solute particles in a solution is the
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greater the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.
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In phagocytosis
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a cell membrane engulfs solid particles.
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The average number of divisions that a human cell cultured in a dish can undergo is
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40-60.
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The cellular abnormality that causes cystic fibrosis is
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abnormal chloride channels that trap salt inside cells lining the lung passageways.
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As a cell grows,
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its surface area increases to a lesser degree than its volume.
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Osmosis is the movement of
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water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
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Which of the following transport processes does not require expenditure of cellular energy?
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Facilitated diffusion
