Ch. 21 Respiratory System – Flashcards Essay

Respiratory acidosis results from __________.

A. hypocapnia B. hypoventilation C. hypoxemia D. hyperventilation

Air travels from the respiratory bronchioles to the __________.

A. terminal bronchioles B. alveolar sacs C. alveolar ducts D.

tertiary bronchi

How is most oxygen transported in the blood? A. As carbonic acid in the plasma B. As the bicarbonate ion in the plasma C. Combined with hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin D. Bound to hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin

What statement best describes tidal volume? A.

Tidal volume is the air exhaled after normal inspiration. B. Tidal volume is the air forcibly expelled after normal expiration. C.

Tidal volume is the air exchanged during normal breathing. D. Tidal volume is the air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration.

Air moves out of the lungs when the intrapulmonary pressure, or pressure inside the lungs, is __________. A. less than atmospheric pressure B. less than intrapleural pressure C.

greater than atmospheric pressure D. equal to atmospheric pressure

The coupling of blood flow with the amount of air reaching the alveoli is known as __________. A. Boyle’s law B. partial pressure C. Henry’s law D.

ventilation-perfusion matching

The affinity of hemoglobin (Hb) for oxygen increases with __________. A. increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide B. increased body temperature C.

increased hydrogen ion concentration D. slower metabolic rate

What reduces friction around the lungs as they expand and contract? A. Surfactant B. Synovial fluid C.

Pleural fluid D. Mucus

What flap of elastic cartilage keeps food and liquids from entering the larynx during swallowing? A. Arytenoid cartilage B. Corniculate cartilage C. Epiglottis D. Thyroid cartilage

What primarily determines airway resistance in the respiratory passageways? A.

Elasticity of the lung tissues B. Degree of alveolar surface tension C. Diameter of the conducting zone passageways D. Presence of surfactant

Which of the following is not one of the four major processes of respiration? A. Pulmonary ventilation B. Gas transport C.

Pulmonary gas exchange D. Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve

Which of the following accompanies emphysema? A. Pulmonary compliance decreases B. Alveoli collapse and surface area is lost C. Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood D. Increase in vital capacity

The majority of carbon dioxide is transported __________.

A. as carbaminohemoglobin B. dissolved in plasma C. as carbonic acid D.

as the bicarbonate ion

A fully saturated hemoglobin molecule transports __________. A. four molecules of oxygen B. two molecules of oxygen C.

one molecule of oxygen D. eight molecules of oxygen

The process of respiration that moves air into and out of the lungs is __________. A. gas transport B.

tissue gas exchange C. pulmonary gas exchange D. pulmonary ventilation

Pulmonary gas exchange occurs in the __________. A. respiratory zone B.

conducting zone C. upper respiratory tract D. larynx