question

Regarding external respiration, which is correct?

answer

By the time the blood enters the pulmonary venules, it has reached equilibrium with the alveolar air.

question

External respiration involves the

answer

diffusion of gases between the alveoli and the circulating blood

question

The visible and palpable prominence on the throat known as the Adam's apple is part of the

answer

thyroid cartilage

question

The "C" in COPD stands for

answer

chronic

question

Which statement regarding lung cancer is correct?

answer

Since 1992, the incidence of lung cancer among women has been increasing

question

The technical term for "breathing" is

answer

pulmonary ventilation

question

Pulmonary ventilation refers to the

answer

movement of air into and out of the lungs

question

Which of the following statements about bronchioles is false?

answer

NOT Pulmonary lobules branch from terminal bronchioles

question

Which respiratory organ features a cardiac notch?

answer

left lung

question

Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in

answer

NOT a loss of surfactant

question

Which of the following statements about the chloride shift is false?

answer

It causes RBCs to swell.

question

The condition of having low tissue oxygen levels is known as

answer

hypoxia

question

Which of the following statements regarding tobacco smoking and lung damage is true?

answer

Neoplasia is not reversible, even if the person stops smoking, but can be treated by surgery.

question

Which of the following systems is responsible for gas exchange?

answer

respiratory

question

A hemoglobin molecule contains ________ globular protein subunits.

answer

4

question

Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is

answer

bound to hemoglobin.

question

In emphysema, which of the following occurs?

answer

NOT Compliance increases.

question

Functions of the nasal cavity include which of the following?

answer

All of the answers are correct.

question

The sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the

answer

alveoli

question

The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchi is the

answer

trachea

question

Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces

answer

phonation

question

Which of these age-based changes is false?

answer

Vital capacity increases.

question

The lungs are divided into lobes by structures called

answer

fissures

question

What is the relationship between the pressures at label "3"?

answer

P outside > P inside

question

The amount of air that a person can voluntarily expel after completing a normal, quiet respiratory cycle is termed

answer

expiratory reserve volume

question

The right lung has ________; the left lung has ________.

answer

three lobes; two lobes

question

Prolonged deep inspirations can result from stimulating the ________ center.

answer

apneustic

question

The vocal ligaments are found in the

answer

vocal folds

question

If a patient being tested inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the volume of air expelled would be the patient's

answer

vital capacity

question

Henry's law states that

answer

the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas

question

The unit of measurement for pressure specifically preferred by many respiratory therapists is

answer

torr

question

Boyle's law states that gas volume is

answer

inversely proportional to pressure

question

A mucosa consists of

answer

both an epithelium and an underlying layer of areolar tissue

question

Which of the following muscles might be recruited to increase inspired volume?

answer

All of the answers are correct

question

At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH, hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.

answer

more than 90

question

The auditory tubes open into the

answer

nasopharynx

question

The movement of chloride ions into the RBCs in exchange for bicarbonate ions is known as

answer

the chloride shift

question

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli all make up the

answer

lower respiratory tract

question

The normal respiratory rate of a resting adult ranges from ________ breaths each minute, or roughly one for every four heartbeats.

answer

12 to 18

question

Secondary bronchi supply air to the

answer

lobes of the lungs

question

Choose the correct statement regarding the trachea or bronchi.

answer

The right primary bronchus is larger in diameter than the left primary bronchus.

question

The condition resulting from inadequate production of surfactant and the resultant collapse of alveoli is

answer

respiratory distress syndrome.

question

Respiratory minute volume, VE:

answer

NOT is the amount of air one moves into or out of the lungs during a single respiratory cycle.

question

What pressure will be present in the space labeled "5"?

answer

intrapulmonary pressure

question

Expiratory movements are produced by contraction of the ________ muscle(s).

answer

internal intercostal

question

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

answer

upper respiratory tract

question

Identify the structure labeled "7."

answer

oropharynx

question

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as

answer

bicarbonate ions

question

Evan is most likely suffering from

answer

Emphysema

question

Evan complains that the air in his lungs sometimes "doesn't want to go out." Which of the following muscles is likely working harder than normal while trying to get the air out?

answer

Transversus thoracis

question

Evan's lungs probably have an abnormally large

answer

Residual volume

question

The obstructive lung disease in which elastic fibers are lost, leading to collapse of alveoli and bronchioles, is called

answer

emphysema

question

The most superior portion of the lung is termed the

answer

apex

question

Type I pneumocytes:

answer

NOT -are scattered among the squamous cells. -produce surfactant

question

The nasopharynx is divided from the rest of the pharynx by the

answer

soft palate

question

What is the relationship between the pressures at label "8"?

answer

P outside < P inside

question

Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is

answer

greater than the pressure in the atmosphere

question

Absorption of O2 from blood and release of CO2 from tissue cells is known as

answer

internal respiration

question

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms the

answer

mucus escalator

question

The vocal folds are located within the

answer

larynx

question

Which of the following is defined as the amount of air remaining in the lungs after one has completed a quiet respiratory cycle?

answer

functional residual capacity (FRC)

question

Which characteristic is correct regarding an oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve?

answer

Where the slope is steep, a very small change in plasma PO2 will result in a large change in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin or released from oxyhemoglobin.

question

The term "hypercapnia" refers to

answer

elevated PCO2.

question

Which of the following is not a function of the nasal mucosa?

answer

dehumidify the incoming air

question

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

answer

large masses of food can pass through the esophagus during swallowing

question

________ equals the respiratory rate × (tidal volume - anatomic dead space).

answer

Alveolar ventilation rate

question

Dalton's law states that

answer

in a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture.

question

Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?

answer

decreased pH

question

Breathing through the nose rather than the mouth is advantageous because

answer

-air is warmed on inhalation. -air is humidified on inhalation. -heat loss is reduced on exhalation. -water loss is reduced on exhalation. -All of the answers are correct

(Ch. 21 Respiratory System) – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards