question

Which was true about the Plains Indians ?

answer

They were a complex of tribes, cultures, and bands that assigned most work on the basis of gender.

question

The socioeconomic life of the Plains tribes revolved around...

answer

The buffalo

question

The sand creek massacre of 1864 was led by

answer

John Chivington

question

Which of the following phrases describes the journey for most settlers westward?

answer

All members of the journey had tasks to fulfill on the trail

question

What was one of the results of the rapid increase in cultivated acreage during the latter half of the nineteenth century?

answer

Lower prices for farm products

question

Approximately 50 percent of cowboys driving the great herds from Texas to city markets in the 1870s were

answer

African Americans and Mexicans

question

How did the Dawes Severalty Act try to civilize the Indians ?

answer

By turning them into landowning ranchers and farmers

question

A common sight for pioneers heading west on the Oregon and other trails was

answer

Piles of trash discarded by previous travelers.

question

Why did the number of Chinese immigrants fall drastically in the late nineteenth century?

answer

The Chinese Execution Act of 1882 suspended immigration of Chinese laborers.

question

After 1851 which was not a factor in the US government abandonment of the policy of one large reservation?

answer

Indians had traditional rivalries and needed to be kept apart.

question

Which of the following tribes did not live on the Great Plains

answer

Hopi

question

How did barbed wire transform the lives of farmers on the Great Plains

answer

It allowed farmers to pen their animals and keep other animals off their land.

question

Beginning in 1871 the U.S. Government

answer

Stopped dealing with Native American tribes as sovereign nations.

question

Frederick Jackson Turner was

answer

The historian who first developed the frontier thesis.

question

Why was the Grange originally founded in 1867?

answer

To provide social, cultural, and education activities for farmers.

question

The final blow to Native American tribal life on the plains was

answer

The extermination of the buffalo herds.

question

What was significant about the Big Bonanza?

answer

It was the richest discovery in the history of mining.

question

The first major industry to attract large numbers to the west was

answer

Mining

question

Which of the following tribes were peaceful farmers and herdsmen?

answer

The pueblos

question

On the Great Plains rainfall averaged

answer

Less than 20 inches a year.

question

What does the following quote mean with regard to western migration? "The quest for something new would take place in the context of the very familiar."

answer

People made every effort to keep their migration experience as familial as possible, including traveling in family groups.

question

The first migrations westward

answer

Rushed to Oregon and California

question

The so called final fling of settlement on the frontier occurred in

answer

Oklahoma

question

Which of the following best describes the Plains tribes ?

answer

Nomadic and warlike

question

How did the national reclamation act help settlement in the west ?

answer

In financed ligation projects, such as dams and canals, which brought water the to the area.

question

After the buffalo the most important animal to the plains Indians was the

answer

Horse

question

Why did most settlers move west between 1870 and 1900?

answer

To improve their economic situation

question

What was the debate in the 1860s between whites in the east and whites in the west over what to do about native Americans ?

answer

Easterners wanted a peaceful policy of assimilation, while those in the west who feared attacks wanted a firmer control over Native Americans.

question

In 1865 the number of Native Americans living in the west was

answer

250,00

question

What was challenging about settling the land west of the Mississippi River in the late 1800s?

answer

The region got little rainfall and there was little lumber available for housing.

question

By the late 1880s, a popular new cult among the Native American plains tribes was

answer

The ghost dance

question

Why did instant cities arise in the west in the late 19th century

answer

People rushed to the west for economic opportunities and cities sprang up quickly.

question

Why did the homestead act of 1862 fail?

answer

The land allotments were insufficient for farming arid land.

question

The 1902 federal law to use the proceeds from land sales to finance irrigation projects in the west was

answer

The national reclamation act

question

How do the views of new western historians contrast with Frederick Jackson turners thesis about the westward migration?

answer

Turner saw the migration as a wave of white migrants who traveled west, but new historians look at it as a set of various groups moving in many directions and interacting with eachother.

question

What was true about government policy toward native Americans in the 1860s ?

answer

It ignored or opposed tribal organization

question

Why is it inaccurate to say that everyone traveled westward to settle the American West in the 1870s and 1880s?

answer

Because Mexicans traveled north and Asians traveled east to settle in the West

question

By 1880, there were approximately ________ Native Americans in California.

answer

20,000

question

By the late nineteenth century, ranching was changing in each of the following ways EXCEPT:

answer

Ranches were getting larger.

question

The individual largely responsible for developing the "trail drive" was

answer

Joseph G. McCoy

question

Which of the following stimulated the western cattle industry?

answer

railroads and a population increase in the eastern United States

question

Which of the following was NOT part of the national government's policy toward Native Americans from the early 1870s to the mid 1880s?

answer

assimilating Native Americans into urban life

question

In the 1850s, government policy toward the Plains tribes was to

answer

define boundaries for each tribe and sign treaties with them.

question

A dominant issue in the western Great Plains was control of

answer

water

question

Why was the late-nineteenth century southwestern frontier largely Spanish American?

answer

The heavy Spanish influence there was due to the original Spanish settlers.

question

The origins of the western cattle industry lay in

answer

Mexico

question

Which were the largest landowners in the West?

answer

railroad companies

question

What was the primary cause of the increase of farmers in the West after the Civil War?

answer

the belief in economic opportunity by many Americans

question

Why were some American reformers against segregating Native Americans on reservations?

answer

They believed that Native Americans should be assimilated into white American culture.

question

Which of the following was, perhaps, the greatest Native American victory over the United States Army?

answer

Battle of Little Big Horn

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