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1. can be defined as a psychologival intervention designed to help people resolve emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems and improve the quality of their lives

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psychotherapy

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2. in general, (men/women) or more likely to seek psychotherapy

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Women

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3. hispanic americans are (less/more) likely than non-Hispanic Americans to seek mental health services

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less

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4. people ________ be helped by therapists who differ from them in significant ways

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can

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5. individuals who experience some anxiety or minor temporary problems are ________ to benefit from therapy

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likely

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6. what was the ideal client like, according to a 1964 study of people in therapy? has that view changed today?

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A 1964 study found that many therapist preferred to treat people who are relatively young, attractive, verbal, intelligent, and successful. Therapist have recently become more aware of the importance of assisting a broad clientele of all ages and cultural backgrounds

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7. a person with no pro training who provides mental helth services is called a(n)

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paraprofessional

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8. in most states, the term therapist ________ legally protected

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isn't

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10. a therapist who talks a lot about his/her personal life is likely to be ________

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ineffective

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11. in the technique of ________ ________, clients are allowed to express themselves without censorship of any sort

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free association

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12. neo-freudians placed ________ emphasis on the unconscious than did freudians

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less

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13. according to jung, ________ is the integration of opposing aspects of the patient's personality into a harmonious "whole" namly, the self

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individuation

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15. psychodynamic therapy ________ especially effective for psychotic disorders like schizophrenia

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isn't

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16. in roger's ________ therapy, the therapist uses reflection to communicate empathy to the client

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person-centered

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17. rogers believed that therapists must express ________ ________ ________, a nonjudgmental acceptance of all feeling, thoughts, and behaviors the client expresses

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unconditional positive regard

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14. critics of psychodynamic therapies assert that understanding our emotional history ________ required to relieve psychological distress

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isn't

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18. explain the 2 chair technique used by gestalt therapists

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Gestalt therapy's 2 chair technique aims to integrate opposing aspects of the clients personality, such as the good boy and the spoiled brat

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19. ressearch indicates that the therapeutic ________ is often a stronger predictor of success in therapy than the use of specific techniques

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relationship

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20. although person-centered therapy is more effective than no treatment, some studies that it may not help much more than a(n) ________ treatment

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placebo

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21. group therapies are ________ as individual treatments

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as helpful as

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22. it is ________ for self-help groups to form on the Internet

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common

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23. AA's famous 12 steps is based on the assumption that alcoholism is a ________ that requires members never to drink another drop after entering treatment

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physical disease

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24. people who attend AA meetings or recieve treatment based on the 12 steps typically fare ________ people another who receive other treatments

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no better than

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25. a key factor in who improves in AA is the ability to participate in a(n) ________ _______ ________

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adaptive social network

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26. the relapse prevention approach teaches people to not feel ashamed or discouraged when they lapse, in an effort to avoid the ________ ________ effect

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abstinence violation

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27. family therapists focus on ________ among family members rather than on the person with the most obvious problems

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interactions

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28. ________ ________ ________ are designed to remove barriers to effective communication

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strategic family interventions

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29. in ________ family therapy, the therapist is actively is actively involved in the everyday activities of the family to change the stucture of their interactions

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structural

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30. research suggests that family therapy is ________ no treatment

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more effective than

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31. a class of procedures that confronts patients with what they fear with the goal of reducing this fear is called ________

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exposure therapy

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32. during ________ ________, clients are taught to relax as they are gradually exposed to what they fear in a stepwise manner

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systematic desensitization

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33. what is in vivo exporsure therapy? how can it help people witha fear of flying?

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clients gradually approach and handle any fears, as these clients are doing as they overcome their fear of flying. In vivo desensitization involve real life gradual exposures to what the patient actually fears rather than a matching anxiety provoking situation

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34. during ________, for prolonged periods, patients are exposed right away to images of stimuli they fear the most

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flooding

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35. a crucial component of flowing is ________ ________, in which the therapist blocks clients from performing their typical avoidance behaviors

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response prevention

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36. what is EMDR therapy? what role do eye movements play in treatment outcome?

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in EMDR, well reliving a traumatic memory, the patient focuses on the therapists fingers as they move back-and-forth. Studies indicate that such I live in Plano is horrible and EMDR's effectiveness

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37. during ________ ________, the therapist first models a problematic situation and then guides the client through steps to cope with it

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participant modeling

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38. In ________ ________ programs, desireable behaviors are rewarded through the consistent application of operant conditioning principles

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token economy

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39. ellis's REBT emphasizes that our ________ systems plays a key role in how we function psychologically

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Belief

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40. in Miechenbaum's (1985) ________ ________ ________, therapists teach clients to prepare for and cope with the future stressful life events

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stress inoculation training

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41. the dodo bird verdict suggests that all types of psychotherapies are equally

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effective

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42. among researchers, there is ________ that the dodo bird verdict is correct

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no consensus

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43. research shows that behavioral and cognitive behavioral therapies are ________ effective than other treatments for children and adolescents with behavioral problems

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more

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44. most studies show that ________ people who receieve psychotherapy do better than the average person who doesn't

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80%

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45. what does the research suggest about the effectiveness of scared straight programs

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scared straight programs expose our lessons to prisoners in prison life in an effort to scare them away from criminal careers. Despite their popularity, research suggests that such programs are not nearly ineffective, but can actually increase the rate of problem behaviors in d teens

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46. what kind of effect can postive life events, like major job promotions, have on psychological problems

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positive life events can help to explain spontaneous remission, the phenomenon of a psychological problem improving without any intervention

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47. even when they don't improve, clients who have invested time, money, and emotional effort in psychotherapy may convince themselves they've been helped a psychological phenomenon known as the

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self-serving bias

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48. according to the regression to the mean phenomenon, if a client comes into treatment extremely depressed, the chances are ________ that he/she will be less depressed in a few weeks

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high

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49. ________ ________ ________ are treatments for specific disorders that are supported by high-quality scientific evidence

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Empirically supported treatments

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50. Americans spend $650 million a year on ________ ________ that promises self-improvement

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self help books

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51. the use of medications to treat psychological problems is called

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psychopharmcotherapy

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52. the first major drug for a psychological disorder, Thorazine, was used to treat ________

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schizophrenia

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53. prozac and zoloft are among the best known

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SSRI

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54. there ________ scientific evidence for an optimal level of serotonin or other neurotransmitters in the brain

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is not

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55. people of different races and cultures ________ respond equally to the same does of medication

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do not

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56. the safety and effectiveness of SSRIs when prescribed to ________ and ________ have been called into question because of increased risk of suicidal thoughts

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children, adolescents

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57. Ritalin, used to teach ADHD, is an example of a medication that many believe had been ________ and may substitute for effective coping strategies for focusing attention

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over prescribed

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58. during ________ ________, patients recieve brief electrical pulses to the brain that produces a seizure to treat serious psychological problems

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ECT

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59. how does electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve work? has research shown it to be an effective treatment

answer

A small electrical device is implanted under the skin near the breastbone to stimulate the Vagus nerve which projects into many brain areas and is believed to stimulate serotonin release. It is used to treat severe depression. Well-controlled, large-scale studies are mostly lacking

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60. define psychosurgery and explains its potential side effects

answer

psychosurgery is brain surgery used to treat psychological problems. Psychosurgery once involved instruction of significant portions of the brain, resulting in impaired memory, damaged emotion and creativity, and personality change. Psychosurgery today is more sophisticated and is associated with significantly milder side effects. Nonetheless the stigma surrounding psychosurgery remains

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