Cell Structure – Flashcards
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Cell
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A membrane bound structure that is the basic unit of life
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Cell Membrane
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The lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of the cell
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Cell Theory
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This says that 1. all living things are made of cells, 2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function and 3. cells only come from other cells.
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Cell wall
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A rigid structure that surrounds the cells of plants and most bacteria
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Cytoplasm
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The region of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus
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Cytoskeleton
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A network of long protein strands in the cytosol that helps support the cell
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Eukaryote
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A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
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Golgi apparatus
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A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
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Lysosomes
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An organelle containing digestive enzymes,
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Mitochondria
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powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP) from oxygen and sugar(Cellular respiration)
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Nuclear envelope
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A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus in the cell
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Nucleolus
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The organelle where ribosomes are made, synthesized and partially assembled, located in the nucleus
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Nucleus
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The organelle that contains the DNA and controls the processes of the cell
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Organelle
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One of several bodies with a specialized function that is suspended in the cytosol of the cell
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prokaryote
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A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
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Ribosome
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An organelle that functions in the synthesis of proteins
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Vacuole
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stores water and nutrients for the cell; very large in plant cells
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vesicle
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A membrane bound sac that contains materials involved in transport of the cell.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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an internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed
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Rough ER
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That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
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Smooth ER
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That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
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flagella
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whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
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pili
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allow prokaryotes to attach to surfaces and to each other and allows them to transfer DNA.
