question

Which of the following is an index offense on the Uniform Crime Report?

answer

Arson

question

In the U.S., rates for ______ crime were actually higher for smaller than larger cities.

answer

Property

question

Crime rates are difficult to compare cross-nationally due to:

answer

All of the above -Different definitions of crime -Quality data -Ideological differences

question

The region in the United States with the lowest overall crime rate is the:

answer

Northeast

question

While there is not complete consensus in defining who should be considered "criminal," criminologists most strongly agree that the term should be used for which of the following?

answer

Long-term recidivists who have repeatedly been found guilty.

question

Officials estimate that as many as ________________ of all black men have been arrested and served time in jail before the age of 35:

answer

70%

question

This type of crime tends to increase in periods of prosperity and to decrease during periods of depression.

answer

Juvenile Delinquency

question

Routine Activities Theory contains three factors. Select the one below that is not one of the factors described in Routine Activities Theory.

answer

Suitable Victim

question

Routine Activities Theory

answer

-Motivated offender -Capable guardian -Suitable target

question

What is the most commonly reported victimization according to NCVS?

answer

Simple assault

question

His writings did not specifically address crime; however, his ideas impacted William Bonger who viewed the criminal law as primarily protecting the interests of the propertied class.

answer

Marx

question

Which of the following is an example of situational crime control?

answer

All of the above -Securing of entries, doors, and locks -Use of surveillance -Improvement of lighting

question

Developing policies that reduce inequality and poverty support which of the following theories:

answer

economic

question

Who was the first to take advantage of criminal statistics?

answer

Quetelet

question

Earliest theories of crime causation were:

answer

Demonological

question

The basic premises of positivism include all but which of the following?

answer

(not Quantification) -Neutrality -Determinism -Speculation

question

Positivism includes

answer

Quantification

question

In biological positivism, the idea that the "survival of the fittest" is applicable to human society is known as:

answer

Social Darwinsim

question

If a person has a medical procedure in the 1940s to alter his or her brain tissue in order to alter their behavior, this would be referred to as:

answer

psychosurgery

question

A number of physical characteristics, including heavy jaw and cheekbones, eye defects, large of small ears, and a strange shaped nose are indicative of:

answer

Physical stigmata

question

The tendency to assume the mutual exclusivity of criminals (defines as prisoners) and non criminals (described as nonprisoners) is known as:

answer

The duallistic fallacy

question

The idea we learn by observing others is attributable to:

answer

Albert Bandura

question

A group of juveniles who attend a district school commit an act of vandalism against a neighboring school district, explaining that it was necessary to defend their own mascot. This is an example of

answer

Appeal to high authority

question

Which of the following is not a common affective response that victims experience after a crime?

answer

Difficulty sleeping -experience: Depression Low self-esteem Anxiety

question

The more frequently a person comes into contact with persons in demographic groups with likely offenders, the more likely it is the person will be victimized is referred as:

answer

Principle of homogamy

question

Demonological theory represents theological explanations of reality where the criminal was viewed as a(n):

answer

Sinner

question

A little boy shoplifts a candy bar from a local store. The view that this crime was influenced by environmental factors is know as:

answer

Human ecology

question

Which of the following theoretical perspectives is based on the premise that human behavior is primarily hedonistic in nature?

answer

Classicalism/Neoclassicalism

question

The view that criminal behavior is ultimately driven by supernatural forces is known as:

answer

Demonology

question

According to Freudian theory, this is the socialized part of the personality, developed in order to function and gain acceptance in human society.

answer

Superego

question

The use of empirical (quantitative) or scientific investigation for the improvement of society is most characteristic of:

answer

Positivism

question

After observing other children fighting on the playground, a young boy begins to pick a fight with one of his classmates. This is most closely an example of:

answer

Social Learning Theory

question

In his book The Jukes, author Robert Dugsdale concluded that crime is:

answer

Hereditary

question

Which of the following refers to the study of size and shape of the skull to determine a person's intelligence and personality?

answer

Phrenology

question

Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory is part of which theoretical tradition?

answer

Social progress

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