BYU Speech Study Guide – Flashcards
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Having trouble coming up with a topic to speak about is a problem with which of Campbell's common sense methods?
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Invention
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What are the five techniques mentioned in Campbell's common sense method?
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invention, organization, style, memorization, delivery
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What are Aristotle's three main types of rhetoric?
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ethos, pathos, logos
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What modern documents were influenced by classical rhetorical philosophers?
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The Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution, and the Gettysburg address
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How do Aristotle's three types of rhetoric (ethos, pathos, and logos) apply to the preamble of the Constitution?
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Follows a logical arrangement of a speaker's ideas. Appeals to the emotional desire for liberty for themselves and their children. The people are speaking and showing that they are trustworthy and honest by saying they want order and justice.
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What is the term for the use of similar ideas or phrases?
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parallelism
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What is the term for using repeated consonants or vowels for emphasis?
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alliteration
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What is the term for an exaggeration used for effect or emphasis?
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hyperbole
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Arrangement of the ideas in a speech is called
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organization
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What rhetorical device is used in the following quote by Mario Cuomo? "Why, this country is a shining city on a hill."
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metaphor
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An empathetic listener
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listens for emotion in the speech
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Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I have a dream" speech is credited with
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helping pass the "Voting rights act of 1965"
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What rhetorical device is used in the following quote, "In the United States today we have more than our share of the nattering nabobs of negativism."
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alliteration
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Socrates taught Plato, who was later the teacher of Aristotle, who then taught
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Alexander the Great
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Which is not one of the four signs of ethical speaking?
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plagiarizing?????
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What kind of listening involves having empathy for the speaker?
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empathetic
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Construction of sentences and paragraphs is called
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style
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The use of the parallelisms "of the people, by the people, for the people" from the Gettysburg address was probably meant to remind the North and the South that
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they were once united under that constitutional phrase
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What is incremental plagiarism?
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using bits and pieces of others' ideas
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When Hitler said, "Nature is cruel; therefore we are also entitles to be cruel," what element of ethical speaking was he violating?
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honesty
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What is being honest in what you say as a speaker called?
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ethical speaking
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In voicing the phrase "a new nation" in the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln may have been hoping for
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reunification of the North and South
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If you are listening to a speaker and decide he or she seems dishonest, what is the speaker lacking?
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ethos
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The statement "all men are created equal" is referenced in what documents?
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the Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg Address
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Effective vocal techniques are a part of
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delivery
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A speech about the signing of the declaration of independence would most likely aim to inform about which of the following?
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an event
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An informative speech about how to give someone a haircut would most likely aim to inform?
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a process
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An informative speech about the Statue of Liberty would most likely aim to inform about?
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an object
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Persuasive speeches can be about all except what?
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processes
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"Tobacco use causes cancer" would be which type of persuasive speech?
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proposition of fact
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A special occasion speaker should
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research as much as possible
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A special occasion speech of tribute should
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strengthen virtues of the speech topic
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Toasts shouldn't be
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long
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A special occasion speaker should not
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tell offensive jokes or use inappropriate material
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Speeches of introduction should be
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concise
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A persuasive speech called "the need to improve health care in america" would be which type of speech?
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proposition of value
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"I needed a dump truck to haul my homework home" is an example of
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hyperbole
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What does the denotation of a word depend on?
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dictionary meaning
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Persuasive speakers choose less controversial topics because of
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cognitive dissonance
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Toasts shouldn't be
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long
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In contrast to informative speakers, most persuasive speakers would
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Give only balanced info????
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A special occasion speaker should
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research as much as possible
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Persuasive speeches can seek to change all except which in the audience?
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historical facts
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A special occasion speech to entertain
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needs careful preparation
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An informative speech about ideas, philosophies, theories, ethics, and moral behaviors would most likely aim to inform about?
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concepts
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An informative speech that explains the "how to" of something probably aims to inform about?
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a process
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A speech of tribute should
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emphasize positive contributions
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What does the word connotation of a word depend on?
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implied meaning
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A speech to inform about a process is sometimes call a(n) ________ speech
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demonstrative
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Finish this statement: "Choose well. Your choice is brief, and yet ____"
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endless
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Name the six ways you can find speech topics
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personal interest questions, search engines, timeliness, news sources, and personal knowledge
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Name three ways you can refine your topic:
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topic angles, free association, topic research
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Speakers should always consider what four items before preparing a speech outline?
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audience identification, commonalities, occasion, additional questions
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Without analyzing your audience you may
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deliver an inappropriate speech
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"The best book of 2008"
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persuasive
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"The effect of antibacterial soap versus that of regular soap"
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persuasive
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"Introducing to graphic design"
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informative
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"Sunday dinners at Grandma's house"
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entertaining
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"World War II aircraft"
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informative
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Pertinent commonalities of an audience may include all except what?
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eye color
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Which would be the most appropriate title for a persuasive speech about sleep?
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The effects of the lack of sleep on high school students' test scores??
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What is one way to measure the effectiveness of a speech?
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having the audience complete a task in relation to your topic
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Why should speakers choose a topic carefully?
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An audience's time is valuable
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All are important parts of speech occasion except what?
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speaker's income level
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A speaker discusses the ten most likely uses for a band-aid to a group of nurses
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persuade??
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A speaker discusses how pets can extend the life of their owners to a senior citizens group during pet adoption month
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persuade
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A speaker discusses the ten biggest goof ups "educated" job seekers make to groups of graduating classes
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entertain
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A speaker discusses the latest safety methods for rescuing someone in an avalanche to a local Search and Rescue team
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inform
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A speaker discusses solutions to inner city poverty at a Better Business Bureau meeting after a flood
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persuade
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What is not an important consideration for speech topics?
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weather
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Audience identification includes analyzing all except what?
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latitude
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Which is not a source of speech topics?
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diaries of friends and relatives
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Why do personal experiences and hobbies often make the best speech topics?
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Audiences most likely haven't heard your stories
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What should you void doing before you write your speech?
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stereotyping your audience
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Speech occasion analysis may include all except what?
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traveling time
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What are the three types of speech purposes?
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persuasive, informative, entertainment
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Using common word combinations, what would be the best possible choice for a three-point outline?
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good, bad, ugly
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Using the six reporting words, what would be the best possible choice for a three-point outline
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who, what, how
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Which part of the speech should a speaker create first?
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body
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What is the reason for not revealing a speech topic in the first sentence of the speech?
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delaying the topic develops audience interest
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Speech introductions and conclusions should
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mirror each other
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What are the five parts of Monroe's Motivational Sequence?
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attention, concern, satisfaction, visualization, action
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What is the purpose of the action or response step of Monroe's Motivated Sequence?
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to ask the audience to participate
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What is the purpose of the concern step of Monroe's Motivational Sequence?
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to create active interest in the topic
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Multiple pages indicated in a reference by which of the following?
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pp.
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Which source must include a Web address for citations?
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online periodical
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What should be the first in a citation?
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author's last name
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Which source must include a retrieval date for citations?
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online source
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What is the optimum number of main points for your body outline?
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three
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Which part of a speech should be organized first?
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the body outline
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What are the five parts of Monroe's Motivational Sequence?
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attention, concern, satisfaction, visualization, action
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Which source reference must include a Web address?
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online periodical
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What is the best criterion for determining the three-point outline of the body of your speech?
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points that support the topic
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What is the purpose of the action or response step of Monroe's Sequence?
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to ask the audience to participate
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What is the purpose of the satisfaction step of Monroe's Sequence?
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to ease the tension of the concern step
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What is the term for failing to identify sources?
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plagiarism
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How is a single page indicated in a source reference?
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p.
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What must be listed first in the reference?
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author's last name
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What references must include a retrieval date?
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online database
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What should a reference include?
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initials for the author's first and middle name
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Movies, folktales or fairy tales, books, and personal experiences are most often used as what?
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introductions and conclusions
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What is the reason for not revealing a speech topic in the first sentence of the speech?
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delaying the topic develops audience interest
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What does mirroring introduction material in the conclusion of the speech do?
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It gives the speech psychological unity
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What info must a book reference include?
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the city and sometimes the state??
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Ending the speech with material related to the intro is called what?
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a mirror
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When should a speaker throughly analyze the audience?
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before the speech
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If you were trying to make the topic of traffic laws and entertaining speech, which would be the best title for the speech?
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Fun with a Radar Gun
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A critical listener
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listens to critique the success of a speech
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Persuasive speakers seek to do all except for what?
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give only instruction
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A speech to inform about a process is sometimes called a(n) _______ speech
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demonstration
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What is not a kind of persuasive speech?
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proposition of process
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what would not be considered part of regional dialects or accents?
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jargon
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What advice should a speaker follow when considering speaking styles?
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adapt the style for the setting and topic
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Contracted words, shortened words, and dropped initial or final consonants are all forms of what?
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regional dialects
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What is true of speakers with regional dialects or accents?
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They can be successful speakers
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What rhetorical strategy usually happens at the conclusion of a thought or speech?
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a summary reminds the audience of what was said
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What rhetorical strategy usually happens after the intro?
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a preview
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What rhetorical strategy gives order or numbers to words?
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signposts
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What is not a rhetorical strategy that enhances clarity in speeches?
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analogy
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When is using slang acceptable in a public speech?
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when it is important to the speech
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What is not an example of a signpost?
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good night
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What is not a speech style?
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nonlinear
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What does not lend credibility to a speech?
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questionable endorsements
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Themes and symbolism do not appear in what?
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signposts
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dropping final consonants, using double negatives, and subject-verb disagreement are all forms of what?
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regional dialects
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What style of speech is mostly informative?
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lecturing
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Why should you avoid using technical language in a speech?
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The audience may not understand
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What is a delayed intro to the speech topic called?
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foreshadowing
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Nonstandard language won't be found in what?
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TV news programs
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What can using slang and technical language used in speeches?
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alienate the audience
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What is the slang meaning of the word "biff?"
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to fall, mess up
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What is true of Powerpoint Presentations?
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they should be simple and concise
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What is not an example of a visual support?
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sound clip
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Delivery strategies that include your body would include what?
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animation and movement
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Energy, enthusiasm, and excitement are the Three E's of what?
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maintaining lively audience interaction
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Blogs and editorials are examples of what?
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public speeches
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what do microphones, podiums, blogs, editorials, and interviews require of a speaker?
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adaption for the setting or situation
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Which are not parts of the communication process?
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annotation, denotation, connotation
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What is the best example of communication for someone who is trying to provoke ideas?
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"What would be a better way to do this?"
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What is true of gestures in public speaking?
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They vary by culture
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In regard to using appropriate language, what is a higher rule to which public speakers are held?
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Just because others use the word or saying doesn't mean you should use it
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What statement is not true about multiculturalism?
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Being multicultural means that you need to adjust your own culture
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When critiquing a speech, you would consider all except what?
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grammar in typed speech
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What is not a part of delivery analysis?
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auditorium interior design
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When critiquing a speech, you should look for all but what?
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personalization and impropriety
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What is the best example of communication for someone who is trying to motivate others?
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You have done an amazing job
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What is true of large and animated gestures in public speaking?
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They vary in acceptance by culture
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To improve communication, people should do all except what?
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assume understanding
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The communication process includes all except what?
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denotation, application
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Across cultures, what is true of differences in "pause time?"
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pauses are to be expected
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What question would you use when analyzing the purpose of the speaker's speech?
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What is the objective of the speaker
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Why should you critique your speeches and the speeches of others?
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It will help you identify how you can improve as a speaker
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What are two ways to improve your speaking skills?
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Critique your own speeches and the speeches of others
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Eye contact, gesture, pause time, pitch, and volume are all variables of what?
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cultural differences???
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Variables in speaking turn include all but what?
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vocal cord use
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When critiquing a speech, you would consider all except what?
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educational level of event organizer
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Preaching, lecturing, and storytelling are all what?
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speaking styles
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What are the Three E's that help maintain a lively audience interaction?
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energy, enthusiasm, and excitement
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Why should a lack of nervousness concern a public speaker?
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It may cause a lack of energy in the speech delivery
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An informative speech about the Onion Festival would be what?
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an event
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Which is demotion of the word "snake"?
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slithery reptile
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"Good night, sweet prince, and flights of angels sing thee to thy rest"-Hamlet
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connotation
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appealing to an audience by convincing them of your honorable character is known as what?
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ethos
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What should a reference include?
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initials for the author's first and middle name
