Business Ethics (1-3)
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Aristotle's formal principle of justice states
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similar cases must be treated alike except where there is some relevant difference.
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According to Mill's utilitarianism,
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rights are certain moral rules whose observance is of the utmost importance for the long-run, overall maximization of happiness.
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According to libertarianism
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it would be unjust to coerce people to give food or money to the starving.
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According to Locke
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property is a moral right.
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According to John Rawls
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people in the original position choose the principles on the basis of self-interest.
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In association with labor and capital, Mill had contrasting views of
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profit sharing.
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Who is more likely to be sympathetic with the idea of reducing the disparities of income in society?
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Utilitarians
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To the libertarians, their concept of liberty includes a commitment to
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private property.
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Rawls rejects utilitarianism because
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it might permit an unfair distribution of burdens and benefits.
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Eminent domain is the ancient right of government to take what from an individual?
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property
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Consequentialism
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states that the moral rightness of an action is determined solely by its results.
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If you adopt ethical egoism as your moral code, then
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you believe that it is morally right to do whatever promotes your self-interest.
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According to the utilitarian theory, an action is morally right if and only if
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it maximizes total, net happiness.
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Utilitarianism is appealing as a standard for moral decision making in business. Which of the following provides a reason for this?
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Utilitarianism provides an objective way of resolving conflicts of self-interest.
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According to Kant
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good will is the only thing that is good in itself.
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According to W. D. Ross's theory
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we have various moral duties that can't be reduced to a single, overarching obligation.
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Nonconsequentialists like Ross believe that
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morality permits each of us a sphere in which to pursue our own plans and goals.
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The statement that best defines rights is
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a right is an entitlement to act or to have others act in a certain way.
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A key idea of Immanuel Kant's ethical theory is that:
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we should treat people as ends in themselves, never merely as means.
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Which of the following is true regarding utilitarian beliefs?
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Utilitarians wish to maximize happiness not simply immediately, but in the long run as well.
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Choose the statement that gives the most accurate description of etiquette:
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etiquette refers to a special code of social behavior or courtesy
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Our relationship with the law is best described by which of the following?
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To a significant extent, law codifies a society's customs, norms, and moral values.
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When ethical relativism is put into practice, it implies that
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we cannot say that slavery is wrong if the society in question believes it is right.
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Morality and self-interest
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can sometimes conflict.
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How did Aristotle view morality?
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It's necessary for us to try to be virtuous or excellent human beings.
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The famous experiments by social psychologist Solomon Asch show
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even temporary groups can pressure people to conform.
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The authors use the murder of Kitty Genovese to illustrate
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bystander apathy.
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Good moral judgments should be logical and
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based on facts and acceptable moral principles.
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Philosophical discussion of moral issues typically involves
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the revision and modification of arguments.
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If an argument is valid, then
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its conclusion must be true, if its premises are.
