BUS 345 Chapter 7 – Flashcards
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Public iuterest in business ethics has heightened over each of the past three decades.
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The majority of Americans think that the need for ethics is about the same as it was fifty years ago.
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The ethics scandal that has come to define modem business ethics is the Enron debacle.
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Only about half of Americans say that they are worried about the moral compass in corporate America.
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A recent NBES survey indicated that ethical misconduct at work was up slightly.
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A December 2012 Gallop poll revealed that only 21% of the public thought that business executives had high or very high ethics.
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The public's opinion of business ethics may be reported at two levels - a high level and a low level.
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The public's view of business ethics has always been very high until the recent scandals.
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Descriptive ethics is concerned with studying and describing the morality of a particular group of people.
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Normative ethics depends on whether "everyone is doing it" to justify moral decisions and actions.
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The major questions related to the conventional approach to business ethics are "Whose norms do we use?" and "Vhat norms are prevailing?"
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The best reason to base one's ethics on societal norms is that the norms do not conflict; thus they provide clear guidance to "right" and "wrong."
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Ethical behavior is generally considered to be on a higher plane than legal behavior.
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In making ethical judgments, it is usually easier to reach consensus on individual practical cases than it is to agree on broad principles.
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The forces that most often come into conflict with ethics in a business setting are economic and social.
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Immoral management implies that decision makers know right from wrong, but choose to do wrong.
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Moral management stresses profitability over other stakeholder concerns.
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Virtually all companies that exhibit moral management have had that outlook since they were founded.
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Researchers have found that many business people go through life thinking that they are objective.
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Amoral management relies primarily on a compliance strategy that focuses on obedience to the law.
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In Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral development, the individual's primary concern is for others.
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The postconventional level of moral development is the most common level for adults over 50 years of age.
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Culture is that broad synthesis of societal norms and values emanating from everyday living.
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Moral identification and ordering refers to the ability to discern the ambiguity of moral factors.
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The Enron Era brought about a broad range of legal and ethic charges that included all the following except
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building company assets
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The Wall Street fmancial scandals involved all the following except
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ethical lending
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At the macro level, big business is being questioned for its:
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legitimacy
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An NBES Survey concluded that ethical misconduct
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at work was down slightly
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There is no doubt that the media are
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reporting ethical problems more frequently and fervently.
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Public opinion polls regarding business ethics are
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difficult to assess because the media keeps ethics scandals in the public eye.
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The former CEO of Bendix Corporation blames the apparent decline in business's ethical behavior on
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the contexts in which corporate decisions are made.
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One of the functions of corporate governance is
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oversight of senior managers
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The discipline that deals with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation is
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ethics
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A doctrine or system of moral conduct is called
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morality
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Business ethics is
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concerned with right and wrong behavior within a business context.
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Concepts of right and wrong are increasingly being interpreted today to include all of the following except
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equality
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The area of ethics that is concerned with supplying and justifying a coherent moral system of thinking and judging is called
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normative ethics
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Which of the following is not one of the major approaches to thinking about business ethics?
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rights and duties approach
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The focus of descriptive ethics is on
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learning what is occurring in the realm of moral behaviors and practices.
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The approach to business ethics in which we compare a decision or practice to prevailing norms of acceptability is the
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conventional approach
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The minimum standard of ethical behavior can be thought of as
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adhering to the law
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Which of the following is not an element of making ethical judgments?
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awareness of the moral implications of a situation
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The most serious danger of using the conventional approach to business ethics is
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lapsing into ethical relativism.
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All of the following are questions that capture the central meaning of ethics except
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what happened?
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Questions about business ethics can be asked at any of the following levels except
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economic
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The normative question of ethics is
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what ought to be?
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The ethics question "how do we get from what is to what ought to be?" is
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practical
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The challenge in all managerial situations is take what can be done and what should be done and find
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a balance
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Which of the following is not a model of ethical management provided in the textbook?
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semi-moral management
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The model of ethical management that implies a positive and active opposition to what is right is called
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immoral management
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The ethical management model that conforms to high standards of behavior or professional standards of conduct is
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moral management
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The model of ethical management in which managers fail to take morality into account when making decisions is
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amoral management
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The key operating question of immoral management is
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can we make money with this action, regardless of what it takes?
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The key operating question of moral management is
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will this action be fair to all stakeholders?
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The key operating question of amoral management is
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can we make money with this action?
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The "integrity strategy" espoused by Lynn Sharp Paine is similar to the
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moral management model
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Managers who believe that business decisions are not subject to moral constraints tend to utilize the
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intentional amoral management model.
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Managers who simply fail to consider moral questions when making business decisions use the
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unintentional amoral management model.
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Which of the following is not a structural aspect of unconscious accounting bias?
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ambivalence
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The population hypothesis regarding ethical management models is
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the three models approximate a normal, bell-shaped curve.
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The individual hypothesis regarding ethical management models is
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that individuals managers utilize all three of the models at different times and situations.
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Lawrence Kohlberg's model of moral development includes all of the following levels except
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law and order morality.
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Which of the following is not a source of a manager's values that is external to the firm?
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scientific
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The sense that concern for fairness, justice, and due process to people, groups, and communities should be woven into managerial decision-making is called
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moral obligation.
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Moral imagination is:
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being able to see economic and moral relationships
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An element of moral judgment is all the following except
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managerial competence
