Bureaucracy/ Courts Practice Quiz – Flashcards
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The government rule that affects the choices that individuals or corporations make is called____
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a regulation
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one of the reasons bureaucrats respond to pressure from elected officials is because
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they need congressional support to get larger budgets
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In the problem of control, the ____ is the principal and the ___ is the agent
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president; bureaucracy
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____ occurs when the bureaucrats cater to a small group of individuals regardless of the impact of these actions on the public welfare
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Regulatory capture
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How did the bureaucracy change during the progressive era?
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It increased the government's regulatory activity
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the civil service reforms of the Progressive era ____ the spoils system and ____ the power of party organizations
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ended; decreased
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what effect did the reagan revolution have on bureaucracy?
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the size of the federal government increased
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What is the job of the office of management budget
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to prepare the president's annual budget proposal for the congress
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Independent agencies have ______ freedom from oversight than executive departments do and _____ be controlled by the president though his appointees.
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more; can
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The federal budget is growing in sizes because _____
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The public does not support large-scale budget cuts
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Compared with employees in private business, government employees are motivated____ by salary and benefits than/ as by the chance to make a difference
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less
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The civil service regulations____ the flexibility that managers have in their hiring decisions and _____ the influence of elected officials
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decrease; decrease
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When bureaucrats pursue their own goals rather than their assignments from officeholders, this is called ________
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bureaucratic drift
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Giving direct order to bureaucrats ____ the influence of their policy expertise and ____ the potential for incrementalism
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limits; reduces
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While police patrol oversight has the advantage of being ____ it has the drawback of being _____
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responsive; costly
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COURTS: Most of the details about the Supreme Court were established in
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the judiciary act of 1789
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Marbury v. Madison is significant because it___
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Established judicial review
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Judicial review enables the supreme court to ____
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Strike down laws passed by congress
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The court's application of national and state laws to particular cases is called _____
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Statutory interpretation
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A system of___ relies on legal decisions that are built from precedent established in previous cases
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Common law
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When one has suffered direct and personal harm from the action addressed in a case it is called _____
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Standing
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The president appoints federal judges with the "advice and consent" of the ______
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Senate
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When a litigant who lost in a lower court files a petition, the case reaches the supreme court _____
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through a writ of certiorari
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____ means that the controversy is not relevant when the court hears the case
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Mootness
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Most justices ____ in initially deciding which cases should be heard
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Use a cert pool
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Oral arguments generally last _____ and justices ____ wait until the end of the arguments to ask questions
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one hour; do not
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generally, the chief justice of the ____ justice decides who writes the majority opinion; justice's individual areas of expertise _______ a factor in making this assignment
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most senior; are
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The perspective that when the constitution is not clear, the justices should be guided by what the founders wanted is called
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original intent
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advocates of ____ argue that the court must defer to the elected branches and not strike down their laws
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judicial restraint
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In general, the court _____ challenges with the elected branches and often ____ to act on "political questions"
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avoids; refuses
