question

73. The presence of HbsAg, anti-HBc and often HbeAg is characterisitc of:

answer

Early acute phase HBV hepatitis

question

74. Refer to the following data: HBsAg anti-HBcIgM anti-HAV IgM (Patient #3) - + - From the results above, it can be concluded that patient #3 has:

answer

Acute Hepatitis A

question

75. The disappearance of HBsAg and HBeAg, the persistence of anti-HBc, the appearance of anti-HBs and often of anti-HBe indicate:

answer

recovery phase of acute HBV

question

77. When testing a patient for HIV antibody, which of the following is used to confirm a positive screening test?

answer

Western Blot

question

96. What assay would confirm the immune status to hepatitis B virus?

answer

anti-HBs

question

97. The following procedure has been routinely used for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) because of its high level of sensitivity:

answer

ELISA

question

101. Which of the following is the best indicator of an acute infection with the hepatitis A virus?

answer

the presence of IgM antibodies to hepatitis A

question

103. Which serological marker of HBV (Hepatitis B virus) infection indicates recovery and immunity?

answer

anti-HBs

question

104. The profile that matches the typical test profile for chronic active hepatitis B virus is:

answer

HBsAg IgM anti-HBc anti-HBc anti-HBs + - + -

question

106. A 26 yr old nurse developed fatigue, a low-grade fever, polyarthritis and urticaria. Two months earlier she had cared for a patient with hepatitis. Which of the following findings are likely to be observed in this nurse?

answer

elevated AST and ALT levels

question

107. The classic antibody response pattern following infection with hepatitis A is:

answer

increase in IgM Ab, decrease in IgM Ab, increase in IgG Ab

question

112. The 20-nm spheres and filamentous structures of HBV are:

answer

Circulating aggregates of HBsAg

question

113. The enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique for detection of HBsAg:

answer

Uses anti-HBs linked to horseradish peroxidase

question

114. The antigen marker MOST closely associated with transmissibility of HBV infection is:

answer

HBeAg

question

115. Chronic carriers of HBV:

answer

continue to carry HBV

question

116. Hepatitis C differs from hepatitis A because it:

answer

is associated with high incidence of chronic carrier state.

question

Chapter 23: Viral Hepatitis

answer

...

question

1.Primary hepatitis viruses account for approximately ____% of the cases of hepatitis.

answer

95%

question

2. Chronic carrier state (persistent infection) and chronic hepatits (chronic liver disease) __________ occur as long-term sequelae of Hepatitis A

answer

do not

question

3. Which of the following hepatits viruses can result in chronic infection and the potential development of liver cancer?

answer

Hepatitis B & C

question

4. Which hepatitis viruses have been scientifically identified as being spread by transfusion of unscreened blood transfusion products?

answer

Hepatitis B & C

question

5. Which hepatitis B serologic marker is the classic first indication of a hepatitis B infection? (MUST KNOW!!!!)

answer

HBsAG (Dane Particle)

question

6. A patient with known exposure to hepatitis B 3 weeks earlier has negative results for all markers when a hepatitis profile is performed, except of IgM anti-HBc. What is a possible reason for this result?

answer

HBsAg was still too low in concentration to detect.

question

7. The serologic markers in expected order of appearance in the serum of a patient with hepatits B infection are:

answer

HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAg, HBeAg, and HBsAg

question

8. The hepatitis B serologic marker that yeilds a positive test result and is used as a benchmark for immunity after vaccination is:

answer

Anti-HBs

question

9. The more frequently identified hepatits B low-level carriers have _________ in their serum.

answer

anti-HBe

question

10. Who should get the hepatitis A vaccine?

answer

Homosexual men who are sexually active, Children in high risk groups, such as those in day care centers & Individuals traveling to areas endemic for Hepatitis A

question

12. The hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine is administered three times over a period of ___months.

answer

7

question

Completion- Forms of Hepatitis

answer

...

question

1. Acute Hepatitis

answer

Average length of time is 75 days (range, 40-180) in hepatitis B virus

question

1. Fulminant acute hepaititis

answer

Rare form of hepatitis associated with hepatic failure.

question

1. Subclinical hepatitis with out jaundice

answer

Probably accounts for persons with demonstrable antibodiesin their serum but no reported history of hepatitis

question

1. Chronic hepatitis

answer

Accompanied by hepatic inflammation and necrosis that lasts for at least for 6 months.

question

Characterisitcs of viral hepatitis

answer

...

question

1. Type A epidemiology

answer

Fecal-Oral

question

2. Type A incubation period

answer

15-45 days

question

Matching

answer

...

question

Primary Hepatitis Virus

answer

Hepatitis A,B & C

question

Secondary

answer

Epstein-Barr virus

question

"Long-incubation hepatitis"

answer

Hepatitis B infection

question

"Infectious hepatitis" or "short-incubation hepatitis"

answer

Hepatitis A virus

question

Complex DNA virus

answer

Hep B

question

Small, RNA containing picornavirus

answer

Hep A

question

Small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus

answer

Hep C

question

Chapter 25 AIDS

answer

...

question

1. Which one of the following statements is (are) true about retroviruses?

answer

-They contain a single, + stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA). -They contain a special enzyme called reverse transcriptase in their core. -They reverse the normal process of transcription in which DNA is converted to RNA.

question

2. The major structural protein(core) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is composed of:

answer

gp41 & gp120

question

3. A protein included in the core of HIV-1 virus is called:

answer

p24 & p25

question

4. Which gene is responsible for the coding of reverse transcriptase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

answer

pol

question

5. The structures gp41 and gp120 are viral:

answer

glycoproteins

question

6. The HIV attaches itself to receptor sites by means of

answer

gp120

question

7. (NTK!!!!) Immunologic activation of latently infected with HIV induces the production of multiple viral particles, leading to cell death and depletion of:

answer

CD4+ lymphocytes

question

8. In HIV infections, a window period of seronegativity extends from the time of inital infection up to:

answer

6-12 weeks or longer

question

9. Typically, patients in the early stages of HIV infection:

answer

Are completely asymptomatic and show mild, chronic lymphadenopathy

question

10. The most frequent malignancy observed in AIDS patient is:

answer

Kaposi's sarcoma

question

11. Which is the first detectable viral antibody in the blood of a patient with HIV infection?

answer

gp41

question

12. Which procedure is considered to be a SCREENING procedure for the detection of HIV?

answer

EIA

question

13. Which procedure is a popular confirmatory procedure of HIV infection?

answer

Western Blot

question

14. if a HIV-infected patient has an initial negative antibody assay for HIV but demonstrates a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result 10 days later, what is the most likely cause?

answer

The antibody titer was too low to be detected by the original antibody assay, and the patient was in the "window phase" of the infection.

question

Completion

answer

...

question

1. The HIV infectious process begins when the protein on the viral envelope binds to the protein receptor_____ on the surface of a target cell.

answer

CD4

question

2. In addition to lymohocytes, ___________ ___________ ______________ and skin cells can be infected by HIV

answer

macrophages, monocytes & cells in the lymph nodes

question

4. After the early period of primary HIV infection (viremia), the patient enters a period of clinical latency that lasts a median of_____ years.

answer

10

question

A positive Western Blot for HIV infection is indicated by the presence of ____ bands

answer

p24 & gp41

question

Matching

answer

...

question

Pattern 1: North and South America, Western Europe, Scandinavia, Australia, New Zealand.

answer

Primarily a disease of homosexuals and IV drug abusers

question

Pattern 2: Africa, Caribbean, parts of South America

answer

Primarily a disease of heterosexuals

question

Pattern 3: Eastern Europe, North Africa, Middle East, Asia, Pasicif (excluding Australia & New Zealand)

answer

Fewer known cases of HIV/AIDS

question

Takes about 1 year and includes 20-80 healthy volunteers who are tested for the safety of new drug.

answer

Phase 1

question

Lasts about 2 years. The # of volunteers is 100-300 persons withthe disease to assess the effectiveness of a drug and to observe for adverse side reactions

answer

Phase 2

question

Lasts about 3 years. The # of patients with a specific disease is 1000 to 3000 to further verify effectiveness and to identify any specific negative side effects of the drug

answer

Phase 3

question

HIV can enter the body with cells associated with HIV

answer

True

question

HIV is held within leukocytes and carried in fluid to the body of another person

answer

true

question

The mode of viral transmission is not associated with the viral subtype

answer

false

BOC Immunology- Infectious Disease Serology – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards