Biomechanics Exam 1 – Flashcards
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Biomechanics
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The study of forces and their effects on living systems
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goals of biomechanics
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improve performance through technique, equipment, training
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kinesiology
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study of human movement
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The division of mechanics that is most applicable to the study of the human body in sport and exercise is called ________.
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rigid-body mechanics
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The study of the time and space characteristics of movement is called _______. (description of motion)
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kinematics
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The study of the forces associated with systems in motion is called ________. (forces that cause changes in motion)
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kinetics
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The study of systems with no change in their state of motion is called ________.
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Statics
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The primary focus of sport and exercise biomechanics is to ______.
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improve performance and reduce the risk of injury
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The "bio" in biomechanics stands for _______.
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life
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The "mechanics" in biomechanics stands for _______.
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forces and their effects
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inertia
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property of an object to resist changes in its motion
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force is not just a quality, it is a _____.
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Vector
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pulling forces are referred to as ____ forces.
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tensile forces
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pushing forces are reffered to as _____ forces.
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compressive
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external forces
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forces that occur between objects in contact with each other
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noncontact forces
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forces that occur even if the objects are not touching each other
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contact forces
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most common are ground reaction forces
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normal contact force
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line of action of this force is perpendicular to the surfaces in contact
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friction
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line of action of friction is parallel to he two surfaces in contact
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does surface area affect friction?
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no
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Internal pulling forces are referred to as __________.
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tensile forces
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Which type of motion is used to describe the flight of a softball after it leaves the bat and sails in an arc over the outfield fence?
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Curvilinear motion
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Velocity is calculated as
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Displacement divided by time
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8. Which category of motion encompasses most human movement?
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General
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Units of acceleration are _____.
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m/s/s
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If you increase the time during which a constant force is applied to an object, what effect does this have on the impulse given to the object?
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It increases the impulse
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When a sprinter uses starting blocks to enhance running performance, which of Newton's laws is best represented by the interaction of the sprinter and the blocks?
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Action-reaction
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Newton's first law focuses on
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Inertia
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As the mass of an object increases, what happens to its inertia?
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Increases
