question

Which statement about living organisms is not correct?

answer

Living organisms create energy.

question

A physician specializes in surgery involving the following group of organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines. Overall, this physician is specialized at which level of organization?

answer

organ system

question

If a new anti-cancer drug is found effective in initial tests with mice, what do researchers conclude?

answer

The drug is effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans.

question

When you are overheated, you perspire, and when you are too cold, you shiver to generate heat. Which property of life is best represented by this example?

answer

homeostasis

question

Corn belongs to the kingdom

answer

Plantae

question

Some students consume large amounts of coffee and so-called energy drinks to help them stay alert when studying. You notice that many who engage in this practice seem to do poorly on exams. Suppose you want to investigate the relationship between caffeine consumption and exam performance. Which of the following statements would be an appropriate hypothesis?

answer

Students who consume large amounts of caffeine while studying will have lower exam scores than those who consume less caffeine

question

All the organisms of various species living within a given area constitute a(n)

answer

community

question

Which sequence of classification categories is in the proper order from least to most inclusive?

answer

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

question

The bones in a bird are hollow, reducing its weight for flight. This is an example of which characteristic of life?

answer

Living things are adapted

question

Technology is the _________________________.

answer

application of scientific knowledge for a practical purpose

question

Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning used to form a hypothesis?

answer

Every fungus that has ever been studied absorbs its food; therefore, food absorption is characteristic of fungi

question

All the banded sunfish () in a pond would comprise a(n)

answer

population

question

Using technology in the field of agriculture has enabled farmers to feed a growing human population.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is one of the domains of life?

answer

Eukarya

question

The common name for "cat" in Spanish is "gato" and in Chinese is "mao." Which of the following statements pertaining to the use of scientific names instead of common names is false?

answer

The common name clearly identifies an organism as unique

question

Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?

answer

Hypotheses are finally proven as absolutely true or false

question

Which sequence correctly lists the different levels of biological organization, from the smallest and simplest to the largest and most complex?

answer

cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organisms

question

You have discovered a previously unknown organism. It is multicellular, with a filamentous form, and absorbs food from its environment. Upon microscopic examination, you see that the cells have nuclei. How would you classify this organism?

answer

kingdom Fungi

question

Which classification category includes the most species?

answer

kingdom

question

The layer where organisms can exist on the surface of the earth is the

answer

biosphere

question

The most important factor that determines where major ecosystems are located on the globe is

answer

climate

question

Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?

answer

Original hypotheses are formed after an experiment

question

When comparing energy and chemicals in an ecosystem,

answer

chemicals cycle over and over again but energy flows through once

question

An unmanned spacecraft has been sent to another planet to detect other life forms that might be quite different from those on Earth. If the probe could only send back one still picture, which property or properties of life would be most evident?

answer

organization

question

All of the ATP molecules formed by the complete oxidation of glucose result from the electron transfer chain.

answer

False

question

If A ® B ® C ® D ® E represents a metabolic pathway, then letter E would be

answer

a product

question

If the carbons from glucose were radioactively labeled, what molecule(s) would end up with the label?

answer

carbon dioxide and citrate

question

The various uses of ATP include all of the following except

answer

being a structural component of the cell membrane

question

Which statement about producers and/or consumers is true?

answer

Producers produce more food than they use

question

Glycolysis is likely to have evolved before the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain because

answer

it is found in all living organisms

question

Heterotrophs

answer

are ultimately dependent upon preformed organic molecules made by producers

question

The pH of blood is slightly basic. Which of the following would therefore be an expected pH for blood?

answer

7.4

question

A genetic mutation can cause a change in the sequence of the 20 amino acids used to build proteins. Such a change is a change to the protein's

answer

primary structure, but this will likely alter higher levels of structure as well

question

During cellular respiration, what is reduced?

answer

oxygen

question

Two glucose molecules can combine to form a disaccharide molecule and

answer

a water molecule

question

Which of the following would not slow down the electron transport system's production of ATP?

answer

Increase the pumping of hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria

question

Each enzyme has a particular substrate because enzymes

answer

have active sites complementary in shape to their substrates

question

There is an inverse relationship between wavelength of light and amount of energy.

answer

True

question

The Calvin cycle reactions are dependent upon a supply of

answer

carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP

question

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) almost completely dissociates in aqueous solution into K+ and OH- and is therefore a

answer

strong base

question

Which of the following is not a consequence of the lactate that results from fermentation in the muscles?

answer

It is stored in muscle cells for later ATP production

question

Enzymes are specific. This means that they

answer

have a particular substrate

question

The ____ will store pigments and toxins in plant cells.

answer

vacuole

question

The cell theory states

answer

all cells come only from other cells.

question

Which statement is false concerning movement of molecules across the cell membrane?

answer

Lipid molecules do not pass through easily.

question

If the diploid chromosome number is 16, the chromosome number of each gamete will be

answer

8

question

According to the endosymbiotic theory, eukaryotes became the mitochondria and chloroplasts found in prokaryotic cells.

answer

False

question

We presume that meiosis evolved later than mitosis. What process would not have to evolve in cells undergoing meiosis in order to make this transition?

answer

a method of lining up single chromosomes along the metaphase plate

question

If cells were moved to a low-gravity environment, such as in space exploration, a change would most likely be expected in the

answer

cytoskeleton

question

If a cell stops at the G1 checkpoint, this is most likely due to what problem?

answer

There is DNA damage

question

When you add sugar to your coffee or tea, the sugar is the

answer

solute

question

Growth factors that are transported through the blood play what role in the cell cycle?

answer

an external signal to tell the cell whether or not to divide

question

In plant cells, what is responsible for organizing the spindle?

answer

centrosomes

question

Permeability refers to

answer

the extent to which a membrane allows a substance to pass through

question

You are examining a cell under the microscope and see what appear to be four sister chromatids bound together and remnants of the nuclear envelope. What stage of meiosis are you looking at?

answer

prophase I

question

Which intercellular junction allows for the rapid movement of small molecules or ions to flow from one animal cell to the next?

answer

gap junctions

question

A researcher samples the waters of the boiling hot springs in Yellowstone National Park. Under the microscope, she observes what appear to be living cells in the water. If these indeed are living cells, what type of cell would they most likely be?

answer

prokaryotic, archaea

question

Which is true of facilitated transport by carrier proteins?

answer

It is represented by the glucose carrier that can transport hundreds of molecules a second.

question

You are looking at chromosome 1 in a human being. Assuming there is no crossing over, what is the source of all the genes on this chromosome?

answer

either the mother or father

question

A major difference in the production of transgenic bacteria, plants, and animals is that

answer

Transgenic animals require the use of host animals to carry the genetically modified embryo while bacteria and plants do not require this.

question

A nucleotide contains

answer

a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base

question

The function of transfer RNA is to

answer

carry amino acids to ribosomes.

question

Which of the following statements was discovered by information gained from the human genome project?

answer

Large sections of the human genome do not code for a polypeptide

question

Gene pharming is

answer

the use of transgenic farm animals to produce pharmaceuticals.

question

If a person has a portion of number 5 chromosome missing, they may have

answer

cri du chat syndrome

question

One of the problems that limits the use of gene therapy is

answer

detrimental side effects from the inserted genes.

question

A female that does not undergo puberty or menstruate or lacks breast development may have

answer

Turner syndrome

question

An oncogene is

answer

a mutated form of a proto-oncogene.

question

Alternative forms of a gene that influence the same trait and are found at the same location in homologous chromosomes are called Select one:

answer

alleles

question

Peas and beans are considered legumes. Why?

answer

A legume is a fruit that splits along two sides when mature

question

Which plant hormone is used by industry to cause fruits to drop from a tree?

answer

ethylene

question

The layer that makes the Casparian strip waterproof is made of

answer

suberin and lignin

question

The tissue layers of a leaf, from the upper surface to the lower surface, are

answer

cuticle, epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, epidermis, cuticle.

question

Which of the following plant hormones prevents senescence and can initiate leaf growth?

answer

cytokinin

question

Which of the following is arranged in proper order?

answer

pollination , fertilization , seed formation , germination

question

The fibers that get stuck between your teeth when you eat celery are

answer

collenchyma

question

Wood is composed of

answer

secondary xylem

question

The tissue that regulates entrance of minerals into the vascular cylinder of a root is(are) the

answer

endodermis

question

The new model of evolution that proposes that organisms spend most of their time in fairly unchanging form and undergo occasional bursts of speciation is called

answer

punctuated equilibrium

question

Which of the following organisms is considered a microbe?

answer

bacteria

question

According to Lamarck which variable would have the greatest influence on the evolution of an organism?

answer

the environment

question

Which features set members of protist apart from the rest of the kingdoms?

answer

unicellular and microscopic

question

Why are green algae placed in the Protista while plants are placed in a separate kingdom?

answer

Plants enclose and protect the embryo within the female plant while green algae do not.

question

Structures in plants that produce the gametes are called

answer

gametophyte

question

The reproductive parts of an angiosperm are the

answer

carpel and stamen

question

Which type of nutrition is believed to have come first?

answer

heterotrophic

question

The major insect body parts are

answer

head, thorax, and abdomen

question

Which of these is a bivalve?

answer

oyster

question

Which of the following would not show the five characteristics typically found in animals?

answer

Trypanosoma, a single celled organism that causes sleeping sickness in humans

question

Which type of organism is characterized by having jointed appendages, ability to molt, and three sets of fused segments?

answer

arthropods

question

The water vascular system of the echinoderm is used for

answer

locomotion

question

Why are real bath sponges so soft?

answer

The harder silica or calcium spicules are absent and the softer spongin remains

question

A closed circulatory system is found in

answer

earthworms

question

Which body structure describes the freshwater hydra?

answer

a freely moving polyp with mouth pointing upward

question

What system do the cnidaria have that sponges lack?

answer

nervous

question

Which difference distinguishes protostomes from deuterostomes?

answer

embryonic development

question

Which of the following statements about hydra morphology is correct?

answer

The hydra is a tube shaped polyp that has two layers of tissue

question

Which type of muscle is involuntary and lacks striations?

answer

smooth

question

What is the numerical relationship of neuroglial cells compared to neurons?

answer

There are about 9 neuroglial cells for every neuron

question

Which of the following is a true statement about tissue fluid?

answer

.Tissue fluid is collected by the lymphatic capillaries.

question

Which of the following lymphoid organs is largest during a person's childhood but shrinks in adulthood?

answer

thymus

question

Oxygenated blood enters the heart at the

answer

left atrium

question

In which direction does a nerve impulse usually move?

answer

dendrite , cell body , axon

question

Which of the following human digestive enzymes is incorrectly matched to its substrate?

answer

trypsin-nucleic acid

question

The portion of the kidney which is continuous with the ureter is the

answer

renal pelvis

question

Reabsorption of nutrient molecules occurs in what part of the nephron?

answer

proximal convoluted tubule

question

At body temperature, which of these combinations is most likely to result in the digestion of fat?

answer

bile salts, sodium bicarbonate, lipase

question

Which of the following is considered an accessory gland in the digestive system?

answer

pancreas

question

How many openings does the bladder have?

answer

three

question

Food is prevented from entering the trachea by the

answer

epiglottis

question

An impulse traveling up the spinal cord first enters the brain at the

answer

medulla

question

The monitoring of blood oxygen levels within the body is done by what type of receptor?

answer

chemoreceptor

question

What is the greatest benefit of having three semicircular canals involved in detecting rotational equilibrium?

answer

It allows for one to be in each dimension of space.

question

Which is a combination of physiological and psychological dependence?

answer

increasing a drug to get the same effect and preoccupation with trying to get more drugs

question

The doctor tells you that you have anosmia. What is your problem?

answer

no sense of smell

question

Glaucoma is caused by

answer

inadequate drainage of the aqueous humor

question

Certain people have an inability to speak due to brain damage. The most likely area of the brain that has been damaged is

answer

Broca's area

question

if a lung is punctured in a car accident, that lobe fails to inflate even though there is no obstruction of the air passageway to that lobe. Why?

answer

When the chest volume expands, air can now rush in through the puncture without filling the alveoli.

question

Carbonic anhydrase

answer

speeds up the conversion of carbonic acid to carbon dioxide and water

question

Which part of the respiratory system is composed of C-shaped cartilaginous rings and cilia?

answer

trachea

question

After the trachea, what is the next structure the air passes through?

answer

bronchi

question

By what route does CO2 leave the body?

answer

pulmonary artery → alveolus → bronchiole → bronchus → trachea → larynx → pharynx

question

Blood richest in oxygen is found in the

answer

pulmonary veins

question

The largest biome on earth is the

answer

ocean

question

What happens to the amount of energy while going up the food pyramid?

answer

The amount of energy decreases

question

The largest communities on land are called

answer

biomes

question

The maximum population that the environment can support for an indefinite period of time is called the

answer

carrying capacity

question

Which kind of organism would be most likely to perform photosynthesis?

answer

autotroph

question

Humans are biologically adapted to be

answer

omnivores

question

The human growth curve is best described as being

answer

J-shaped

question

Which sequence represents the correct order of increasing complexity in living systems?

answer

molecule, cell, tissue, organ

question

Classification of organisms reflects

answer

similarities, evolutionary history

question

A population is defined as

answer

all of the individuals of a particular species in a given area

question

The ultimate source of energy in any ecosystem is (are)

answer

the sun

question

Which are the most biologically diverse ecosystems

answer

rain forests and coral reefs

question

What is the unifying theory in biology that explains the relationships of all living things?

answer

evolution

question

Which sequence exhibits an increasingly more-inclusive scheme of classification

answer

genus, family, order, class

question

The best explanation as to why "big, fierce carnivores (animals that eat other animals) are rare" would be the fact that

answer

energy flows and dissipates

question

Features that make an organism suited to its way of life are called

answer

adaptations

question

What's the difference between a test group and a control group?

answer

The test group is exposed to the factor being tested, but the control group is not exposed

question

"Which of these ions is important for acid-base balance?

answer

"H+"

question

"Which of these offers the most accurate information concerning"

answer

" space-filling model"

question

An example of a hydrogen bond would b

answer

the bond between two water molecules.

question

Covalent bonding between R groups in proteins is associated with the ____________________ structure.

answer

secondary and tertiary

question

The polysaccharide found in plant cell walls is

answer

cellulose

question

Ionic bonding involves

answer

All of these are correct.

question

Phosphates can be found in

answer

DNA

question

Which of these cannot be considered an organic molecule

answer

table salt

question

An example of a dehydration reaction would be

answer

building lipids from fatty acids

question

Nucleotides

answer

contain sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate molecule.

question

The bond joining two adjacent amino acids is called

answer

a peptide bond

question

Which of the following pertains to an RNA nucleotide and not to a DNA nucleotide?

answer

contains the sugar ribos

question

Which of the following is not one of the elements commonly found in living organisms

answer

calcium

question

Proteins are produce

answer

in the cytoplasm or the ER.

question

Which structure is characteristic of prokaryotic cells

answer

nucleoi

question

Ribosomes are found in what type of cells?

answer

animal,bacteria,plant

question

Lysosomes function in

answer

intracellular digestion

question

The cell theory states

answer

The cell is the basic unit of life

question

The small size of cells is best correlated wit

answer

an adequate surface area for exchange of materials

question

Energy is used for

answer

active transport

question

Carrier proteins are _____ in their action

answer

specific

question

An isotonic solution has the/a _____ concentration of water as the cell and the/a _____ concentration of solute as the cell.

answer

same, same

question

The mosaic part of the fluid-mosaic model of membrane structure refers to

answer

the proteins

question

The carbohydrate chains on lipids and proteins are found

answer

on the outside of the membrane

question

Integrin and elastin are ______ associated with the _______ of a animal cell.

answer

proteins, ECM

question

A coated pit is associated wit

answer

receptor-mediated endocytosis.

question

Exocytosis involves

answer

fusion with the plasma membrane

question

When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution

answer

cholesterol

question

________ form communication channels between animal cells.

answer

Gap junctions

question

Which of the following is not found in the extracellular matrix of an animal cell?

answer

cellulose

question

DNA synthesis occurs durin

answer

interphase.

question

Where is the checkpoint for DNA damage

answer

G1

question

Programmed cell death is called

answer

apoptosis.

question

If a parental cell has 14 chromosomes prior to mitosis, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells have?

answer

apoptosis.

question

. Crossing-over occurs

answer

between chromatids of homologous chromosome

question

The fact that energy transformation is never 100% efficient is stated in the _____ law of thermodynamic

answer

second

question

Which has more potential energy: glucose or CO2 and H2O

answer

glucose

question

____ is the loss of electrons, and ____ is the gain of electrons.

answer

Oxidation, reduction

question

Entropy is a term used to indicate the level

answer

disorganization.

question

Which phase of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm

answer

. glycolysis

question

Mitochondria produce ATP by

answer

chemiosmosis

question

. The metabolic process that produces the most ATP molecules is

answer

. The metabolic process that produces the most ATP molecules is

question

_____ forms the outer protective covering of a plant

answer

Epidermal tissue

question

Which of these cells in a plant is apt to be nonliving?

answer

sclerenchyma

question

. The process of converting the information contained in the nucleotide sequence of RNA into a sequence of amino acids is called

answer

Ttranslation.

question

How is transcription directly controlled in eukaryotic cells?

answer

using transcription factors and activator

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