Biology I: Chapter 6: Meiosis and Mendel — Lesson 4: Traits, Genes, and Alleles – Flashcards
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locus
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Each gene has a __, a specific position on a pair of homologous chromosomes.
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allele
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An __ is any of the alternative forms of of a gene that may occur at a specific locus
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homozygous
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The term __ describes two of the same alleles at a specific locus.
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heterozygous
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The term __ describes two different alleles at the same locus.
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Genome
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A __ is all of an organism's genetic material.
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genotype
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A __ typically refers to the genetic makeup of a specific set of genes.
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phenotype
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The __ of an organism is how its genotype is expressed in its physical appearance.
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dominant
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A __ allele is an allele that is expressed when two different alleles or two dominant alleles are present.
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recessive
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The __ allele is the allele that is only expressed when two recessive alleles are present.
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Homozygous Dominant
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TT is called __.
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Heterozygous
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Tt is called __.
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Homozygous Recessive
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tt is called __.
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gene
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piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein
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piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein
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Relationship between a gene and a protein
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homozygous
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pair of alleles that are the same
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heterozygous
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pair of allelles tahat are different
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homologous chromosomes
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chromosomes that have the same length, appearance and copies of genes, although alleles could be different
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individual letters; upper case for dominant; lower case for recessive
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How are alleles represented on paper
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allele
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alternative form of a gene
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heterozygous
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opposite of homozygous
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recessive
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opposite of dominant
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environmental factors
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factors besides alleles that affect phenotype
