Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide: Cells & Energy
14 December 2020
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Lipid
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What is the breakdown that provides the largest number of ATP per molecule?
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2
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How many times must the Calvin cycle spin in order to create one sugar molecule?
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To remove the electrons from the electron transport chain
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What is the function of oxygen in cellular respiration?
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Oxygen
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The major byproduct of photosynthesis is ______. (What is released during photosynthesis)
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Fermentation
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What process allows glycolysis to continue without oxygen?
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Producing molecules that carry electrons to the electron transport chain
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What is the main function of the Kreb’s cycle?
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Co-A
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In the Kreb’s cycle, what molecule combines with a two carbon chain?
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NADP+
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What removes electrons from photosystem I?
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Carbon Dioxide
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What is the reactant that joins with RuBP in the Calvin cycle?
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Stroma
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Dense fluid surround the thylakoids
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Grana
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Many thylakoids in a stack
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Calvin cycle
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The cycle of reactions that takes place in photosynthesis
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Thylakoid
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Disc shaped sac inside the chloroplast
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Kreb’s cycle
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The cycle of reactions that takes place in cellular respiration
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NADPH
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Energy carrying molecule made only during photosynthesis
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NADH
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Energy carrying molecule found only in cellular respiration
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6CO2 + 6H2O > C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Equation for photosynthesis
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C6H12O6 + 6O2 > 6CO2 + 6H2O
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Equation for cellular respiration
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Thylakoid membrane
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Where does the light-dependent reactions take place?
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Stroma
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Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
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Cytoplasm
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Where does glycolysis take place?
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Create pyruvate & some ATP
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What is the purpose of glycolysis?
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ATP Synthase
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What protein creates ATP in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
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To absorb light
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What is the purpose of pigments?
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Chlorophyll: everything but green, Carotenoids: everything but yellow, orange and brown
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Name the two kinds of pigments and describe what colors they absorb.
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1. Three Phosphates 2. Adenosine 3. Sugar
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What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
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Aerobic requires oxygen, while anaerobic does not.
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What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic processes?
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1. Wine 2. Bread 3. Cheese 4. Yogurt 5. Sauerkraut
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Name five products created using fermentation.
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1. Alcoholic 2. Lactic Acid
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Name the two main types of fermentation.
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Mitochondrial Matrix
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Where does the Kreb’s cycle take place?
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Citric Acid Cycle
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What is the other name for the Kreb’s cycle?
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H2O splitting
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Where does the oxygen given off during photosynthesis come from?
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1. Float away and later combine to make glucose 2. Turn back into RuBP
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In the Calvin cycle what are the two things that can happen to the three carbon chain?
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1. Photo-light 2. Auto- on its own 3. Hetero-different 4. Chemo-chemicals
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List all the prefixed we learned regarding how organisms get their energy and what they mean.
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2
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How many NET ATP are made during glycolysis?
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1. Light Dependent Reactions (photosystem II, ETC, photosystem I) 2. Light Independent Reactions (Calvin cycle)
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List the steps of photosynthesis in order.
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1. Glycolysis (pre-respiration) 2. Kreb’s Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle 3. ETC
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List the steps of cellular respiration in order.