Biology Chapter 31.1-31.2 – Flashcards
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What is the function of the central nervous system?
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to process information and form a response
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Which division of the peripheral nervous system transmit(s) impulses from sense organs to the central nervous system?
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motor division
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Which division of the nervous system speeds up your heart rate?
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autonomic
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The 31 major nerves that branch out from the spinal cord connecting it to the rest of the body are the
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spinal nerves
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It's 2:00 in the afternoon and you haven't eaten anything since breakfast. Which part of your brain is telling you that you're hungry?
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hypothalamus
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For a person who writes with his or her left hand, the muscles involved in writing are controlled by
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the right hemisphere of the cerebrum
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Which of the following sensory receptors would lead you to squint in bright light?
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photoreceptors
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Sensory receptors that are sensitive to chemical information from the environment are found in the
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nose and taste buds
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The primary function of the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system is to transmit impulses
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from sense organs to the central nervous system
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Which receptors respond to a scraped knee?
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pain receptors
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Which type of sensory receptor is responsible for smell and taste?
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chemoreceptor
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When you move your fingers to type a text message, you are using motor neurons of the
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somatic nervous system
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Which sense relies on the largest sense organ in the body?
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touch
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Which organ does not have pain receptors?
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brain
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If you did not like the flavor of a certain oral liquid medicine, you could hide much of its taste by
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holding your nose
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The senses of smell and taste are similar because
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both rely on chemoreceptors
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Your alarm clock wakes you up and reminds you to get ready for school. Which type of neuron receives the sound of the alarm?
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sensory neurons
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31-1 Which structure carries impulses to the cell body?
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I
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31-1 Which structure carries impulses away from the cell body?
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III
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What begins when a neuron is stimulated by another neuron or by a stimulus in the environment?
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an impulse
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What is the function of neurotransmitters?
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to transmit nerve impulses across synapses
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When an impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of
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neurotransmitters
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When drugs produce a sensation of feeling and well being, what part of the brain is being stimulated?
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limbic system
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Place these events in the order in which they would occur in a person who uses an addictive drug
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IV, II, I, III
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How does nicotine affect dopamine synapses?
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it increases the release of dopamine
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When exposed to addictive drugs, how does the brain react to excessive dopamine levels?
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it reduces the number of receptors for the neurotransmitters
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Which of the following choices best describes dopamine?
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a substance that is naturally found in the brain
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When you swat a fly, which type of neuron stimulates your arm to move?
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motor neurons
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Which of the five senses involves two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones?
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vision
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31-7 Which structures release neurotransmitters?
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vesicles
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