Biology: Chapter 14: Human Genetics Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Genome
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Entire set of Genetic Information that an organism carries in its DNA
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Karyotype
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A picture that shows the complete diploid set of human chromosomes, grouped in pairs and arrangedin order of decreasing size
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Sex Chromosome
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one of two chromosomes that determines and individual's sex
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Pedigree
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Chart that shows the presence of absence of a trait according to the relationships within a family across several generations
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Sex Linked gene
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Gene located on a sex chromosome.
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Non-Disjunction
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Error in Meiosis in which the homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly
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Genomics
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Studding of whole genomes, including genes and their function
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Autosome
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Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome: also called autosomal chromosome
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Bioinformatics
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Application of mathematics and computer science to store, retrieve, analyze biological data
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Restriction Enzyme
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Enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides
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Gel Electrophoresis
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Producer used to separate and analyze DNA fragment by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of porous Gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel.
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Huntington's
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A degenerative disorder of the nervous system that usually does not begin until middle age; causes uncontrollable movements in all parts of the body, memory loss, and impaired judgment
