bio exam II – Flashcards
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A malfunction in the G1 phase of the cell cycle might lead to
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a failure of the cell to grow properly in preparation for division
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What is the fate of sister chromatids during mitosis
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They separate in anaphase and become chromosomes in new daughter cells
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When and why does the nuclear envelope break down during cell replication
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during prophase, in order to allow microtubules to attach to the duplicated chromosomes
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Which of the following factors stimulates a normal cell to divide
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growth factors
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In the absence of growth factors, a normal dividing cell would
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stop at the g1 checkpoint
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True or false: Only individuals with cancer have proto-oncogenes
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false
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Nucleoli are present during _____.
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interphase
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Cytokinesis often, but not always, accompanies _____.
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telophase
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Chromosomes become visible during _____.
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prophase
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Centromeres divide and sister chromosomes become full-fledged chromosomes during _____.
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anaphase
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Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores during _____.
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prometaphase
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During prophase a homologous pair of chromosomes consists of _____.
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two chromosomes and four chromatids
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True or false. Mitosis takes place during M phase of the cell cycle, which is longer than interphase.
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false
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A certain species of animal has six pairs of chromosomes. How many DNA molecules are present in the nuclei of these animals during G2 phase?
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24
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Which of the following checkpoints does not occur late in G1
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A check that chromosome replication has been successfully completed
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which phase of the cell cycle is linked to DNA repilcation
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S-phase of interface
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Sally is looking at a dividing cell under the microscope. She examines the cell and sees that the nucleus is not present and that the chromosomes are condensed and lined up in the center of the cell. She knows that this cell is in
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metaphase
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Which of the following structures permit(s) communication between eukaryotic cells?
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Gap junctions in animal cells and plasmodesmata in plant cells
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Where does the metabolism of a neuron take place?
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cell body
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What do gap junctions and plasmodesmata have in common?
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They both allow material to move from one cell to another.
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Where are photoreceptor cells found in the eye?
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In the retina
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Why is negative feedback found more often than positive feedback in animal psychology?
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Negative feedback changes the direction of a process; positive feedback maintains it.
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Which of the following is the best example of negative feedback?
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Once a thermostat is set for a certain temperature, the furnace will shut off when it reaches that temperature.
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Where are the principal sensory receptors found in the body that monitor temperature, pain, pressure, and touch?
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the skin
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Your hands are feeling cold. What portion of a neuron has detected this and transmitted the impulse to the nervous system?
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the dendrite
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Bathing, basking, hibernating, and migrating are examples of which type of thermoregulation adaptation?
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Behavioral adaptation
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Fur, fat, and feathers are examples of which type of thermoregulation adaptation?
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Anatomical adaptation
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Where is the organ of Corti found in the ear?
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In the cochlea
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Panting, shivering, and sweating are examples of which type of thermoregulation adaptation?
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Physiological adaptation
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What is the correct sequence of structures that sound waves pass through to be sent on to the brain?
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Pinna - auditory canal - eardrum - hammer - anvil - stirrup - cochlea
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What are olfactory organs?
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Olfactory organs contain specialized receptors to detect odors.
