question

1) The serous membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the: 1) _______ A) pleurisy B) mediastinum C) visceral pleura D) parietal pleura E) main (primary) bronchi

answer

c

question

2) The bluish cast that results from inadequate oxygenation of the skin and mucosa is called: 2) _______ A) albinism B) xanthosis C) melanosis D) cyanosis E) erythema

answer

d

question

3) The lipid molecule critical to lung function that coats the gas-exposed alveolar surfaces is called: 3) _______ A) renin B) interferon C) lecithin D) kinin E) surfactant

answer

e

question

4) Cilia of the trachea that beat continually propel contaminated mucus: 4) _______ A) toward the glottis to be hiccupped out B) toward the lungs to be encapsulated C) toward the nose to be sneezed out D) toward the epiglottis to be coughed out E) toward the throat to be swallowed or spat out

answer

e

question

5) Which one of the following is NOT a function of the paranasal sinuses: 5) _______ A) they are olfactory receptors for smell B) they produce mucus C) they lighten the skull D) they act as resonance chambers for speech E) they help to moisten air

answer

a

question

6) The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT: 6) _______ A) purify air B) warm incoming air C) humidify air D) exchange gases E) allow air to reach the lungs

answer

d

question

7) Which one of the following is NOT a factor influencing respiratory rate and depth: 7) _______ A) levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide B) volition C) physical exercise D) enzymatic factors E) emotional factors

answer

d

question

8) The most important chemical stimuli leading to increased rate and depth of breathing is: 8) _______ A) decreased carbon dioxide in the blood B) increased blood pH C) increased hydrogen ion in the blood D) increased carbon dioxide in the blood E) decreased oxygen level in the blood

answer

d

question

9) What is the role of mucus in the nasal cavity: 9) _______ A) trap incoming bacteria and other foreign debris B) lighten the skull C) act as a resonance chamber for speech D) increase the air turbulence in the nasal cavity E) separate the oral from the nasal cavity

answer

a

question

10) The homeostatic imbalance associated with the death of many full-term newborn infants is called: 10) ______ A) CTRL B) COPD C) CF D) SIDS E) IRDS

answer

d

question

11) Which one of the following terms does not apply to the nose: 11) ______ A) nasal septum B) nasal cavity C) external nares D) nasopharynx E) nostrils

answer

d

question

12) The gas exchange that occurs between blood and tissue cells at systemic capillaries is called: 12) ______ A) pulmonary ventilation B) internal respiration C) expiration D) external respiration E) respiratory gas transport

answer

b

question

13) Which one of the following bones does NOT contain paranasal sinuses: 13) ______ A) ethmoid B) frontal C) maxilla D) mandible E) sphenoid

answer

d

question

14) A very deep inspiration that ventilates all alveoli is: 14) ______ A) crying B) sneezing C) hiccupping D) coughing E) yawning

answer

e

question

15) Which of the following are currently the most damaging and disabling respiratory diseases in the U.S.: 15) ______ A) lung cancer and asthma B) COPD and lung cancer C) tuberculosis and pneumonia D) tuberculosis and COPD E) asthma and tuberculosis

answer

b

question

16) Hypoventilation dramatically increases carbonic acid concentration and involves: 16) ______ A) extremely slow breathing B) extremely fast breathing C) extremely deep breathing D) intermittent breathing E) irregular breathing

answer

a

question

17) The flap of elastic cartilage that protects food from entering the larynx when swallowing is the: 17) ______ A) thyroid cartilage B) Adamʹs apple C) epiglottis D) glottis E) trachea

answer

c

question

18) The respiratory rate in adults is: 18) ______ A) 20-25 respirations per minute B) over 40 respirations per minute C) 12-18 respirations per minute D) 30 respirations per minute E) 5-10 respirations per minute

answer

c

question

19) Air moving in and out of the lungs is called: 19) ______ A) external respiration B) expiration C) inspiration D) internal respiration E) pulmonary ventilation

answer

e

question

20) In order to inspire: 20) ______ A) the external intercostal muscles relax B) the intrapulmonary volume must decrease C) the intrapulmonary volume must increase D) the diaphragm relaxes E) gas pressure in the lungs must increase

answer

c

question

21) Emphysema results in all of the following EXCEPT: 21) ______ A) expanded barrel chest B) moon face C) decreased lung elasticity D) enlarged alveoli E) lung fibrosis

answer

b

question

22) Vibration due to exhaled air that results in speech is a function of the: 22) ______ A) complete voice box B) true vocal cords C) glottis D) epiglottis E) false vocal cords

answer

b

question

23) When oxygen enters the respiratory system, what is the next structure to which it travels immediately upon leaving the trachea: 23) ______ A) tertiary bronchi B) main (primary) bronchi C) bronchioles D) pleura E) alveoli

answer

b

question

24) The respiratory movement representing the total amount of exchangeable air is the: 24) ______ A) inspiratory reserve volume B) expiratory reserve volume C) vital capacity D) dead space volume E) tidal volume

answer

c

question

25) Following the removal of the larynx, a person would be unable to: 25) ______ A) sneeze B) hear C) eat D) speak E) breathe

answer

d

question

26) Cessation of breathing is called: 26) ______ A) tachypnea B) apnea C) eupnea D) hyperpnea E) dyspnea

answer

b

question

27) Oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the blood to form: 27) ______ A) plasma B) carbon dioxide C) oxyhemoglobin D) carbonic acid E) bicarbonate ion

answer

c

question

28) Which one of the following is NOT true of the lungs: 28) ______ A) the narrower portion of each lung is called the apex B) the bases rest on the diaphragm C) the right lung has three lobes D) both lungs have two lobes E) the left lung has two lobes

answer

d

question

29) Exchange of both oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane occurs by: 29) ______ A) active transport B) simple diffusion C) facilitated diffusion D) passive transport E) osmosis

answer

b

question

30) Which one of the following is NOT true of lung cancer: 30) ______ A) it is generally more prevalent in males than females B) it accounts for one-third of all cancer deaths in the U.S. C) most types of lung cancer are very aggressive D) lung cancers often metastasize rapidly and widely E) its incidence is currently increasing

answer

a

question

31) Hyperventilation leads to all of the following EXCEPT: 31) ______ A) dizziness B) buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood C) cyanosis D) brief periods of apnea E) fainting

answer

b

question

32) An emotionally-induced response during which air movement is similar to crying is: 32) ______ A) laughing B) sneezing C) hiccupping D) yawning E) coughing

answer

a

question

33) Surfactant is usually present in fetal lungs in adequate quantities by: 33) ______ A) 20-22 weeks of pregnancy B) 28-30 weeks of pregnancy C) 22-24 weeks of pregnancy D) 26-28 weeks of pregnancy E) 24-26 weeks of pregnancy

answer

b

question

34) Which one of the following is NOT true of cystic fibrosis: 34) ______ A) it causes oversecretion of thick mucus that clogs the respiratory passages B) it is the most common lethal genetic disease in the U.S. C) it causes sweat glands to produce an extremely salty perspiration D) it impairs food digestion E) it is rarely fatal

answer

e

question

35) The amount of air exchanged during normal quiet breathing is about: 35) ______ A) 1200 mL B) 2100 mL C) 6000 mL D) 500 mL E) 4800 mL

answer

d

question

36) The opening between the vocal cords is called the: 36) ______ A) larynx B) epiglottis C) glottis D) thyroid cartilage E) esophagus

answer

c

question

37) The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by: 37) ______ A) the nasal conchae B) both the hard and soft palate C) the hard palate D) both the nasal conchae and hard palate E) the soft palate

answer

b

question

38) Obstruction of the trachea by a piece of food can lead to: 38) ______ A) pleurisy B) aspiration pneumonia C) pulmonary tamponade D) hemothorax E) pneumothorax

answer

b

question

39) Which one of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory zone: 39) ______ A) alveoli B) respiratory bronchioles C) primary bronchi D) alveolar sacs E) alveolar ducts

answer

c

question

40) The walls of the alveoli are composed largely of: 40) ______ A) stratified cuboidal epithelium B) simple cuboidal epithelium C) stratified squamous epithelium D) pseudostratified epithelium E) simple squamous epithelium

answer

e

question

41) The pharynogotympanic tubes, which drain the middle ear, open into the: 41) ______ A) nasopharynx B) laryngopharynx C) palatopharynx D) oropharynx E) tracheopharynx

answer

a

question

42) The conducting passageways of the respiratory system include all of the following structures EXCEPT: 42) ______ A) nose B) larynx C) alveoli D) trachea E) pharynx

answer

c

question

43) Which one of the following is NOT a feature of COPD: 43) ______ A) most patients have a genetic predisposition to COPD B) most COPD victims are hypoxic C) dyspnea becomes progressively more severe D) frequent pulmonary infections are common E) most patients have a history of smoking

answer

a

question

44) The abbreviation IRDS stands for: 44) ______ A) intermittent respiratory distress state B) infant respiratory disease syndrome C) intermittent respiratory disease syndrome D) infant respiratory disease state E) infant respiratory distress syndrome

answer

e

question

45) Tonsils that lie at the base of the tongue are called: 45) ______ A) pharyngotympanic tonsils B) lingual tonsils C) pharyngeal tonsils D) palatine tonsils E) adenoids

answer

b

question

46) The molecule that prevents lung collapse by lowering the surface tension of the water film lining each alveolar sac is called: 46) ______ A) fibrosin B) renin C) surfactant D) lecithin E) resorbin

answer

c

question

47) The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a tidal expiration is about: 47) ______ A) 6000 mL B) 2100 mL C) 500 mL D) 4800 mL E) 1200 mL

answer

e

question

48) Which one of the following is NOT true of inspiration: 48) ______ A) relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity B) the decreased gas pressure produces a partial vacuum that forcibly sucks air in C) increased intrapulmonary volume causes inhaled gases to spread out D) contraction of the diaphragm muscle helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity E) air continues to move into the lungs until intrapulmonary pressure equals atmospheric pressure

answer

a

question

49) Air from the nasal cavity enters the superior portion of the pharynx called the: 49) ______ A) oropharynx B) palatopharynx C) nasopharynx D) tracheopharynx E) laryngopharynx

answer

c

question

50) Most carbon dioxide is transported within blood plasma as: 50) ______ A) oxyhemoglobin B) carbonic acid C) bicarbonate ion D) hydrogen ion E) carbohemoglobin

answer

c

question

51) The large shield-shaped thyroid cartilage that protrudes anteriorly is commonly called the __________. 51) _ ____________

answer

Adamʹs apple

question

52) Normal quiet breathing moves about __________ mL of air into and out of the lungs with each breath. 52) _ ____________

answer

500

question

53) Air that remains in the conducting zone passageways and never reaches the alveoli is called the __________. 53) _ ____________

answer

dead space volume

question

54) Most carbon dioxide is dissolved in blood plasma and transported as __________. 54) _ ____________

answer

bicarbonate ion

question

59) The presence of air in the intrapleural space is known as __________. 59) _ ____________

answer

pneumothorax

question

60) Enlargement of the alveoli and chronic inflammation of the lungs are characteristics of a respiratory disease called __________.

answer

emphysema

question

61) The mucosa-lined windpipe that extends from the larynx to the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra is called the __________. 61) _ ____________

answer

trachea

question

62) The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is commonly called breathing or __________.

answer

pulmonary ventilation

question

64) The anterior portion of the palate that is supported by bone is called the __________. 64) _ ____________

answer

hard palate

question

65) A mechanism that clears the upper respiratory passages, which is similar to a cough except that the expelled air is directed through the nasal cavities instead of the oral cavity, is called a __________. 65) _ ____________

answer

sneeze

question

66) Chronically inflamed, hypersensitive bronchial passages that can be irritated by dust mite and cockroach droppings are indicative of __________.

answer

asthma

question

A procedure in which air within the lungs is used to forcibly expel an obstructing piece of food to avoid suffocation is called the __________.

answer

Heimlich maneuver

question

69) ʺDust cellsʺ that wander in and out of the alveoli, picking up bacteria, carbon particles, and other debris, are actually __________.

answer

macrophages

question

72) During internal respiration, the blood gas __________ is loaded into the bloodstream. 72) _ ____________

answer

carbon dioxide

question

73) A normal respiratory rate of about 12-15 breaths per minute is called __________. 73) _ ____________

answer

eupnea

question

74) The three mucosa-covered projections into the nasal cavity that greatly increase surface area of mucosa exposed to air are called __________.

answer

conchae

question

76) The tonsils found in the nasopharynx are called __________ or __________. 76) _ ____________

answer

pharyngeal tonsils; adenoids

question

77) The inspiratory muscles that contract so we can inspire air are the __________ and __________. 77) _ ____________

answer

diaphragm; external intercostals

question

78) Gas exchange between the blood and tissue cells is called __________. 78) _ ____________

answer

internal respiration

question

79) The smallest conducting passageways of the lungs are called __________. 79) _ ____________

answer

bronchioles

question

80) The air sacs of the lungs are called __________. 80) _ ____________

answer

alveoli

question

81) An abnormal bubbling sound caused by diseased respiratory tissue, mucus, or pus is called __________. 81) _ ____________

answer

crackle

question

82) Inflammation of the sinuses that can cause marked changes in voice quality is called __________. 82) _ ____________

answer

sinusitis

question

83) Oxygen bound to hemoglobin molecules on RBCs is called __________.

answer

oxyhemoglobin

question

84) Respiratory capacities are measured with a __________. 84) _ ____________

answer

spirometer

question

85) The flap of elastic cartilage that protects the opening of the larynx is called the __________.

answer

epiglottis

question

87) The central area between the two lungs that houses the heart, great blood vessels, bronchi, and esophagus is called the __________. 87) _ ____________

answer

mediastinum

question

88) The C-shaped rings that reinforce the trachea are constructed of __________ cartilage. 88) _ ____________

answer

hyaline

question

89) The throat is also known as the __________. 89) _ ____________

answer

pharynx

question

90) The opening between the vocal folds is called the __________. 90) _ ____________

answer

glottis

question

91) Inadequate oxygen delivery to body tissues is called __________.

answer

hypoxia

Bio Chapter 13 Final – Flashcards

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