Test Answers on Bio – 680 words – Flashcard

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1. Which of the following best describes the genetic material a person receives from his or her father
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- 22 autosomes and an X or Y chromosome
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2. Which phrase best describes the process of meiosis ?
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- produces haploid gametes
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3. At fertilization what happens to the sex cells
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they connect to eachother
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4. Which of the following statements is true about homologous chromosomes
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they contain the same genes
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Which phrase best describes meiosis one
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- division of homologous chromosomes
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What happens to sister chromatids during meiosis 2
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they are divided
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Gametogenesis is the term for
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the production of gametes
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What does an egg contribute to the embryo that a sperm does not contribute
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organelles
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Which of the following is an example of a biological trait
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eye color
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Mendal began his experiments with Purebred pea plants . This approach enabled him to determine The variations of offspring is the result of
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his crossings
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When Mendel crossed plans with purebred purple-flowerd with plants that were purebred white-flowered, The resulting offspring had purple flowers. When allowed to self pollinate, this F generation gave rise to white-flowered plants as well as purple. As a result, Mendel determined that individual traits are
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inherited as discrete units
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Which of the following conclusions was a result of Mendels observations
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organisms inherit two copies of each gene, One from each parent
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Which phrase best describes the word Genome
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The genes that make up an organism
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Hair color and Eye color are examples of a persons
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phenoytype
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If the people or homozygous recessive how would the alleles be represented
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tt
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An allele is dominant and a heterozygous when it is
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Express and the other allele is not
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What do the letters inside to Punnet square represent
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genotypes of offspring
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A term for cross it involves just one trait , such as pod shape , is called a
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monohybrid cross
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. What is the phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents
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3:1
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Which of the following observations did Mendel make as a result of his experiments with dihybrid crosses
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different traits are inherited separately
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About how many different combinations of chromosomes can be produced through The random fertilization of human gametes
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2^23x2^23
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Which phrase best describes the process of crossing over
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pairs of homologous chromosomes exchange segments
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24. Suppose the gene for flower color is linked with a gene that codes for leaf shape. Which statement is true of this pair genes
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- they are close together on the same chromosome
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During what stage of meiosis does crossing over occur
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prophase 1 of meiosis 1
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Which of the following is a result of the study of gene linkage
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The relative distances between genes can be calculated
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Two similar chromosomes that you inherit from your parents (one from your mother, one from your father) or called
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homologous chromosomes
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Meiosis produces cells with how many chromosomes
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23
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Which of the following cell types of Diploid
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somatic cells
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Which of the following phrases best describes a punnet square in figure 6.1
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monohybrid heterozygous-heterozygous cross
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Which law states that organisms received copies of each gene and donates one to each of their offspring
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law of segregation
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Mendel knew that the variations in the offspring generations resulted from his experiments because he
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controlled the fertilization process
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Which pair of gene in figure 6.2 would be most likely to be inherited together
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a and b
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Which event takes during anaphase two of meiosis two
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sister chromatids seperate
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Recessive alleles may not be expressed because they are
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masked by a dominate allele
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36. Mendels observations that traits were inherited separately was based on which set of experiments
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dihybrid crosses
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Imagine to heterozygous parents. Each has a dominant allele X for Brown eyes in a recessive allele x for blue eyes. The phenotypic ratio for brown:blue eyes in their children is
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3:1
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In Mendels mono hybrid cross purebred white-flowered plant and a purebred purple-flowered plant, The F generation
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showed only the dominant trait
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Which of the following phrases best describes a function of meiosis
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reduces chromosome number by half, produces gametes
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Which of the following cell types is haploid
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sperm cell
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The fusion of haploid gametes is
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fertilization
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Which was a key factor in the success of Mendels experiments
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He started with self-pollinating, purebred plants
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In a genotype for plant height, such as Tt, what does each letter represent
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one allele
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Which of the following cell types could have 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome
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sperm
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Crossing over is an important factor in increasing the
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genetic diversity by making new allele combinations
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Which observation of dihybrid crosses did Mendel's law of independent assortment State
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many combinations were inherited together
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