Bio 1105 Final Part 2 – Flashcards
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Economic Factors
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These should be considered when making any environmental decisions
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U.S forest service
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Before 1933, They sold timber cutting rights for a profit or loss at below cost
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Wilderness North
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Much of this land is owned by the government
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The Great Lakes and Northeast
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One of the major resources of these areas is water transport
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The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem Management Plan
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A major benefit of this plan is the creation of large regions of wilderness for animals such as bison and grizzly
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Thermal pollution
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waste heat that industry generates
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Nuclear Fusion
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Union of smaller nuclei to form a heavier nucleus
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U-235
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Naturally occurring radioactive isotope used in nuclear reactors
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Alpha radiation
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Radiation consisting of a particle with two neutrons and two protons
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Moderator
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Material that absorbs the energy neutrons released by fission
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Nuclear breeder reactor
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Fission reactor designed to produce radioactive fuel from nonradioactive uranium
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Transuranic waste
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Waste consisting of various isotopes of plutonium
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Heavy water reactor
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Type of reactor that uses the hydrogen isotope, deuterium, in the coolant water
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Light water reactor
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type of reactor that uses ordinary water as a coolant
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Rem
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measure of the biological damage to tissue caused by radiation
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Gamma Radiation
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Type of electromagnetic radiation that comes from disintegrating atomic nuclei
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Beta radiation
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radiation consisting of electrons released from the nuclei of many fissionable atoms
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Nuclear fission
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Decomposition of an atoms nucleus with the release of energy
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radio active half life
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Time it takes for half of the radioactive material to decompose
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Dirty bombs
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one of the greatest terrorism - related threats
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Fusion breeder
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Nuclear reactors does not contain this
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Radioactive waste
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characterized in 4 general categories
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leukemia
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Strongly linked to increased radiation exposure
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beta or gamma
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biological damage may be caused by which 2 types of radiation
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Reserves
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the known deposits from which materials can be extracted profitably with existing technology under present economic conditions
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Resources
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Naturally occurring substances that can be utilized by people but may not be economic
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Fissionable
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The composition of the nucleus of some atoms is structured in such a manner that allows
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Charles Darwin
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Developed the theory of natural selection to explain how adaption came about
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Abiotic factors
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Non living things that influence an organism
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Evolution
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Changes that we see in the genes and characteristics displayed by successive generations of population of organisms over time
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Environmental regulations
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The us gov can INFRINGE(on personal property rights) FORCE( landowners to modify the use of their land ENFORCE (environmental regulations without regard to personal property)
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ionizing radiation
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biological effects on this type of radiation includes damage to DNA, mutations, and damage to molecules in cells
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Nuclear
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As of 2006 there were 24 of these power plants under construction in 11 countries
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stag field
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The first controlled nuclear chain reaction occurred here in Chicago in 1942 which lead directly to atomic bombs being dropped on japan
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Nuclear fuel cycle
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Mining, enrichment, and fabrication are the sequence of steps in which cycle
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Delta
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Is not a form of energy released from nuclear disintegration
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Uranium mining and waste
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Contains low levels of radioactive materials
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overburden
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The layer of soil and rock that covers deposits of desirable minerals
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Liquified natural gas
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Natural gas that has been converted to a liquid by cooling to -162C (-260F)
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Geothermal energy
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The heat energy from the earths molten core
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Solar furnace
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A design that uses a mirror to focus light at a central point that raises the temperature and allows for the production of steam
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Underground mining
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A type of mining in which deposited material is removed with out disturbing the overburden
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Surface Mining( Strip mining)
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A type of mining in which the overburden is removed to obtain the underlying deposit
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Biomass
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Any accumulation of organic material produced by living things
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Passive solar system
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A design that allows for the entrapment and transfer of heat from sun to a building without the use of moving parts or machinery
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Active solar system
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A system that traps sunlight energy as heat energy and uses mechanical means to move it to another location
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Black lung disease
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A respiratory condition resulting from the accumulation of large amounts of fine coal dust particles in miners' lungs
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oil, coal, natural gas
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most commonly used fossil fuels
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Nonrenewable resources
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Resources that are not replace by natural processes or those whose rate of replacement is so slow as to be noneffective
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Renewable resources
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Those resources that can be formed by natural processes.
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solar power, wind, geothermal energy
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examples of renewable resources
