Astronomy 1040 test 3 uvu – Flashcards

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How stars begin: cloud of gas, and dust
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Life track of the sun/high mass star 1. Molecular hydrogen cloud
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The cloud collapses due to gravity and becomes a_____
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Life track of the sun/high mass star 2. Dense core
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In about a million years a small, hot, dense, core called a ____ forms
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Life track of the sun/High mass star 3. Prostar
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When the temperature reaches 10,000 k in the core, fusion begins and transforms the prostar into a ________
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Life track of the sun/High mass star 4. Main sequence star
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Like the sun, remain on the main sequence for about 10 billion years or longer
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Life track of the sun/high mass star 5. Low mass stars
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Hydrogen fusion begins in a shell around the core and the star expands into a _____
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Life track of the sun 6. Red giant
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After most of the hydrogen is fused into helium, helium fusion begins in an event called the _____
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Life track of the sun 7. Helium flash
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Stars can become unstable and turn into pulsating stars like _____
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Life track of the sun 8. R.R lyre variables/cepheid variables
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As a star burns helium into carbon, the radiation pressure pushes the stars outer atmosphere away from the core creating a _____
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Life track of the sun 9. Planetary nebula
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This leaves an exposed core called a _____. These have about the same diameter as the earth.
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Life track of the sun 10. White dwarf
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When a high mass star exhausts the hydrogen fuel in its core the star ___________ and giants burn to helium.
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Life of a high mass star 6. Leaves the main sequence
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The star becomes a _______ after millions of years of helium fusion
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Life of a high mass star 7. Red super giant
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When helium is depleted, fusion of heavier elements begins. This process is called ______ -the biggest element a star can make is iron
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Life of a high mass star 8. Nucleosyntyesis
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A star with an _____ is out of fuel.... It is DONE -iron atoms cannot fuse and release energy
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Life of a high mass star 9. Iron core
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The core collapses due to reduced pressure converting the iron core into _____
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Life of a high mass star 10. Mostly neutrons
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The core pressure then surges and lifts the outer layers from the star in a titanic explosion
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Life of a high mass star 11. A supernova
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-less than 8m(mass of sun) on the main sequence -becomes white dwarf
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Low mass stars
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-Less than 40m(mass of sun) on main sequence - becomes neutron stars(3m>m>1.4m) -neutron degeneracy
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High mass stars
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if stellar core has more than 3 solar masses after a supernova no known force can halt collapse
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Super massive stars Black hole
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Are stellar remnants for low mass stars - found in the centers of planetary nebulas - diameters about the same as the earths -less mass than the Chandrasekhar mass
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White dwarf
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Stellar explosion
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Nova
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A stellar explosion that marks the end of a stars evolution -the star releases more energy in just a few minutes than it did during it's entire lifetime
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Supernova
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Occur in binary systems in which one is a white dwarf
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White dwarf supernova
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Occur when a massive stars iron core collapses
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Massive star supernova
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Astronomers in china witnessed a supernova within our galaxy
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July 4, 1054
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After The explosion of a massive star, a huge glowing cloud of stellar debris steadily expands
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Supernova remnant
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After a supernova the exposed core is seen as a_____
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Neutron star
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If the neutron star is more than 3 solar masses, the core becomes a _____ -light cannot escape
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Black hole
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Rotating, magnetized neutron stars
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Pulsar
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Beams of radiation emanate from the magnetic poles
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Light house model
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Neutron stars that appear to us as pulsars rotate about once every second Before a star collapses to a neutron star it rotates once every 25 days
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Rotation rates of pulsars
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Conservation of angular momentum
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Why such a big difference in the rotation rates of pulsars?
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Actual place where all the mass of the black hole is.
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Singularity
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The stretching out of going into the black hole
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Spaghettification
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Possible chances of holes in the universe, may exists but we don't know.
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Worm hole
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Distortion caused by mass, like a bed sheet and bowling ball
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Space-time
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Point of no return- go straight into the black hole
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Event horizon
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