ART-111 - Flashcard | StudyHippo.com

Q: What can we NOT conclude from a formal analysis of David Hockney\'s Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures)?

Correctb. the man in the red jacket is the artist\'s ex-lover

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A representational work of art ________.

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depicts objects or people so that we can recognize them

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Examples of graphic art include: a. posters b. advertising c. signage d. social media e. Each answer shown is correct

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e. Each answer shown is correct

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Katsushika Hokusai is said to have used a live chicken's footprints in a painting that communicated ________.

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the sensations of a fall day by the river

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Allan Houser's work Reverie is representational because:

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it includes two shapes that we recognize as faces

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Art is sometimes censored by the authorities because: a. it offends people's religious beliefs b. its sexual content seems pornographic c. it carries a political message that worries the authorities d. its moral values seem improper e.Each answer shown is correct

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Each answer shown is correct

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Which of the following statements is untrue? a. the majority of artists who contributed to building medieval cathedrals are anonymous b. Renaissance artists were often supported by workshops full of assistants c. Katushika Hokusai carved and printed all of his artworks himself d. Jeff Koons employs other artists to realize his ideas e. None of the answers shown

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c. Katushika Hokusai carved and printed all of his artworks himself

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Western artists since the Renaissance have usually considered ______ to be the highest forms of art.

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c. sculpture and painting

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Over the years, public opinion of the Watts Towers has varied, but people have never thought that:

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b. it is a perfect example of the Neoclassical style

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What can we NOT conclude from a formal analysis of David Hockney's Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures)?

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Correctb. the man in the red jacket is the artist's ex-lover

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Stolen art loses much of its value because:

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Correcte. lacking good title and proper provenance prevents its resale

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Marc Quinn's Self, a self-portrait made from frozen blood, is created in ________ scale.

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Correctc. life-sized

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These huge 1,300-year-old South American drawings, which include an enormous image of a spider, were discovered in modern times by overflying commercial aircraft.

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Correctc. Nazca Lines

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Vertical lines tend to communicate:

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Correcta. strength

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This kind of shape is mathematically regular and precise.

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geometric

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This artist would sometimes go for days without food or sleep in an attempt to explore the deep-rooted sources of creativity and truth.

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Correctc. André Masson

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In the work The Connectors, the artist James Allen uses this kind of line to draw the viewer's attention to the great height that faced the builders of the Empire State Building.

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Correcta. directional

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Barbara Hepworth used line to plan and visualize her three-dimensional artwork. What kind of three-dimensional artwork did she produce?

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Correctc. sculpture

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This artist used contrasting positive and negative shapes to create his "Obey" campaign, an expression of guerrilla marketing and street theater.

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Correctd. Shepard Fairey

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Dashes and grids in The Devil Made Me Do It, by Sauerkids, are a good example of this kind of line.

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Correctc. implied

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Line can be used as a tool to: a. demarcate boundaries b. imply direction c. give a sense of surface d. indicate movement e. Each answer shown is correct

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Correcte. Each answer shown is correct

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Noma Bar's illustration Gun Crime uses positive and negative shape to communicate:

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Correcte. the act of gun crime and its terrible result

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This famous object is the largest carving in the world created from a single stone.

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the Sphinx

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Frank Gehry's design for the Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, uses contrasts of:

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organic and geometric form

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The human figure communicates the rich experience of humanity, and artists emulate this experience using this kind of form:

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organic

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This element of art is used to describe the solidity of a form, such as that of the colossal Olmec heads.

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mass

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There are two kinds of relief sculpture: a pronounced surface treatment called high relief, and a shallow surface low relief called ________.

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bas relief

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Which of these is NOT a geometric form?

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leaf

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Artists use this kind of texture if they want to contradict a viewer's normal expectations of a textured surface.

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subversive

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Which of these is a form?

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pyramid

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A slick cold surface of a finely finished metal object, the rough-hewn splintery character of a broken branch, and the pebbly surface of a rocky beach are all examples of this element of art:

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texture

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This element of art is used to describe the usable interior space of an architectural form.

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volume

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The technique in which an artist creates a series of closely arranged parallel lines that is overlapped by another set of parallel strokes to create a sense of value is called:

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cross-hatching

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These two values are at the extreme ends of a value range.

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black and white

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This type of perspective is used by computer- and video-game designers because it allows them to create depth using parallel diagonal lines.

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isometric

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An artist can create an illusion of depth using only color by varying the:

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intensity

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This kind of perspective is best used when the artist is confronted by a complex scene in which the viewpoint is not at ground level.

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multi-point

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Artists intersperse value and texture to create a sense of:

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rhythm

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Contemporary filmmakers use this effect to give the illusion of great depth, even when the scene is in a limited space.

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atmospheric perspective

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Artists sometimes use this method of applying value to give a feeling of three-dimensionality.

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chiaroscuro

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This Italian artist was the first to define a formal system of linear perspective.

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Brunelleschi

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The method whereby rules of perspective are applied to represent unusual points of view is called:

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foreshortening

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In The Treachery of Images, Magritte tells us that painting is a:

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visual trick

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A color that is lighter than its basic hue is called a:

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tint

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By using this kind of color combination, artists avoid jarring, contrasting color and mood.

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analogous

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Color mixtures using light, for example those in digital displays, are called __________ color mixtures.

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additive

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Secondary colors can be created from a mixture of:

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two primary colors

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Color deception occurs when:

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our perception of a color is influenced by the color next, or adjacent, to it

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This is a kind of color "map" that allows an artist to assess quickly the attributes of colors as they relate to each other.

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color wheel

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A color that is almost gray has a low chroma, or __________.

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saturation

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Reflected light excites ________ that line the back of our eyes, and their signals are reprocessed and interpreted as color in our brains.

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nerve cells

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This color with a cool temperature is often used to describe a depressed psychological state of mind.

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blue

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When Paul Gauguin painted his work The Yellow Christ he chose the color yellow for its __________ qualities.

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expressive

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Moving images created with a zoetrope were early forms of:

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animation

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Bioartist Suzanne Anker experiments with creating artificial environments (such as the conditions suitable for life in outer space) in which she grows plants. In Astroculture (Shelf Life), 2009, she found that the plants' leaves turned:

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magenta

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This type of art involves viewing actual motion and the artist's body in the work.

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a chase scene

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This object by French artist Marcel Duchamp is considered the first work of kinetic sculpture.

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a bicycle wheel mounted on a stool

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Dorothea Lange took a series of photographs of a family in what kind of living quarters?

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a tent

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This attribute of time is a measurement of the speed at which time elapses.

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tempo

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Op art of the 1960s relied on a physiological effect that creates an illusion of motion. This effect is:

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the natural oscillations of the eye

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In The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul, by the workshop of the fifteenth-century artist known as the Master of Osservanza, there are five figures. These five figures are:

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St. Anthony (three times), a centaur, and St. Paul

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The artist Jenny Holzer created an illusion of motion using a spiraling electronic message board to create a piece of art made up of:

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words

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The symmetrical design of the building that we know as the Taj Mahal carries associations of:

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beauty and stability

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When Tibetan Buddhist monks create a sand mandala, they are creating a composition that has this kind of balance:

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radial

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An artist creates compositional unity by:

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organizing all of the visual elements of the work

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The focal point of Robert Rauschenberg's sculpture Monogram is:

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a stuffed goat

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A work can still display unity, even if none of the visual elements has anything in common, if:

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the elements have conceptual unity

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Artists face a communication challenge: to find a ________ within the chaos of nature and to select and organize materials into a harmonious composition.

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structure

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An interior designer can balance curved and straight lines to __________ each other.

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complement

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Katsushika Hokusai's print "The Great Wave Off Shore at Kanagawa" uses compositional unity in which of these ways?

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Each answer shown is correct

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A good example of variety in a work would be:

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different shapes and colors

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In his work The Flagellation, Piero della Francesca communicates a mood of detachment and contemplation by using this principle of design.

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unity

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Gestalt unity is a term that is derived from which language?

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German

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This Greek sculptor wrote a treatise on how to create a statue of a human being with perfect proportions.

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Polykleitos

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In ancient Egyptian art, the pharaoh was almost always depicted in this way:

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as the largest of all the figures

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A work that is created in small scale can communicate:

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intimacy

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Robert Lostutter creates his work with a particular scale in mind. That scale relates to these animals:

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birds

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We perceive scale in relation to:

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our own size

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Henry Peach Robinson created his photographic work Fading Away by using a Golden ________ for the format dimensions.

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section

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Something done on a monumental scale usually indicates:

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Each answer shown is correct

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Italian Renaissance painter Raphael's The School of Athens depicts ________.

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a gathering of great scholars

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When a Yoruba sculptor created a human form, he or she made this body part disproportionately large:

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head

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This use of scale can create an abnormal or supernatural effect, and was used by the Surrealists to do just that.

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distorted scale

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Placement of elements in a composition controls ________ and creates multiple focal points.

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rhythm

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This is a specific place of visual emphasis in a work of art.

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focal point

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Which of the following can be used to create emphasis?

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Each answer shown is correct

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In Pieter Bruegel the Elder's Landscape with the Fall of Icarus, the viewer is directed away from Icarus plunging into the sea, through the use of:

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subordination

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In Artemisia Gentileschi's work Judith Decapitating Holofernes, the viewer is directed to the __________ that is indicated by directional lines.

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focal point

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Ando Hiroshige created the work "Riverside Bamboo Market, Kyōbashi" in this medium:

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woodcut print

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This kind of line tends to be more visually active, so it can draw the viewer's attention.

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diagonal

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When an artist wants to draw attention away from a particular part of a composition, he or she uses:

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subordination

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The painting Starlight by Agnes Martin uses broad emphasis to draw attention to this part of the work:

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the composition as a whole

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Of the twelve figures in Jacob Lawrence's print from his series The Life of John Brown, this figure is emphasized the most:

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all of the figures are emphasized in different ways

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Chuck Close's Self Portrait of 1997 is made up of small units that are unrecognizable, or __________, when viewed closely.

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abstract

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The artist Chuck Close used a repeated pattern of organic concentric rings set into a diamond shape to create his large:

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paintings

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In Islamic art it is not uncommon to see complex interlaced __________, which are designs repeated as units in a pattern.

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motifs

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When there are at least two points of reference in an artwork, __________ is present.

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rhythm

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Why might an architect choose a simple, repetitive rhythm for his or her building?

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it suggests stability

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Sometimes artists use this kind of changing pattern to make a work more lively.

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alternating pattern

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In which sixteenth-century work does the Dutch artist Pieter Bruegel use rhythm to direct the viewer's attention to different areas of the work?

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Hunters in the Snow

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This is a way in which artists divide visual space into different kinds of sections to achieve different rhythmic effects.

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rhythmic design structure

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In Francisco Goya's print The Third of May, 1808, the Spanish citizens are arranged in a(n) ________ rhythm, whereas the French soldiers have ________ rhythm.

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irregular...regular

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This principle of design arises from repetition of a pattern.

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rhythm

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Polish artist Magdalena Abakanowicz spent much of her life with her home country under Communist rule by the Soviet Union. The regime emphasized the collective over the individual. This experience is reflected in her artworks in the following way:

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through the use of multiple, repeated figures

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Iconographic analysis interprets objects and figures in an artwork as:

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signs or symbols

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Pablo Picasso studied and copied Las Meninas because:

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he wanted to develop his own individual style

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A group of artists might share a style - an identifiable kind of visual expression - because:

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Each answer shown is correct

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Thomas Struth's photograph Museo del Prado 7 is:

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a portrait of art appreciation

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When researching an artwork, you might use primary and secondary sources of information. An example of a secondary source might be:

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a scholarly journal article

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A formal analysis of Las Meninas by Diego de Silva y Velázquez would concentrate on this aspect of the work:

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what was in the foreground and background

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Feminist analysis is a subset of ________ analysis.

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biographical

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Some people argued that Robert Mapplethorpe should not have been awarded public funding, because:

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of his identity as a gay man and the sexual nature of his photographs

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The tools of formal analysis help us to:

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understand how the artist applied the elements and principles to his or her artwork

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Psychological analysis of The Scream by the artist Edvard Munch tells us that the painter was:

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expressing anxiety

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Chalk, pastel, and crayon are created using pigment with a binder. Which of the following is a binder?

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Each answer shown is correct

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Life drawing is the process of:

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drawing from a live model

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When Raphael transferred his drawing of The School of Athens to the wall for painting, what substance did he force through perforations in the paper?

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charcoal dust

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Which of these is not used to make the bristles for a brush with a bamboo shaft, for example those used by Asian artists?

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All of the answers shown are used

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Which English artist and poet suggested that drawing is a fundamental artistic skill?

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William Blake

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The German artist Käthe Kollwitz used charcoal to express ________ in her self-portrait of 1933, even though she rendered her face and hand in a static, realistic way.

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a sense of energy

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Paper was invented by Cai Lun in China around the end of the ________century CE. He used macerated vegetable fibers suspended in water.

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first

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Historically, when artists used silverpoint for a drawing they did so on wood that was covered with a thin coating of ________.

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bone ash

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How did artist D. J. Hall use color pencil to achieve rich color and intense light effects in her work Piece of Cake?

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she pressed the pencil aggressively into the paper

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Leonardo da Vinci engaged in which activity—banned by the Church—in order to get detailed drawings of the human anatomy?

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dissection

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Robert Rauschenberg created a work titled Erased de Kooning Drawing by erasing a work by the Abstract Expressionist artist Willem de Kooning. How long did it take Rauschenberg to erase the whole drawing?

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nearly a month

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Which material looks and writes like lead, was discovered in the mid-1500s, and became the medium for use in pencils?

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graphite

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Why is egg tempera a challenging medium for artists to work with?

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it dries almost immediately

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Which painter and watercolorist was the first woman to have her work shown at the Louvre during her lifetime?

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Sonia Delaunay

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Images were painted using a saliva-and-pigment solution on cave walls at Pech Merle, France ________ years ago.

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25,000

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Artemisia Gentileschi lived at a time when women were not easily accepted into the art profession, but she was supported by her ________, who was also an artist.

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father

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Pigment names are often derived from their source. For example the pigment that we call umber is named after ________.

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the brown soil of Umbria, Italy

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José Clemente Orozco, a Mexican muralist, worked in fresco. He wrote about the medium of painting, and called it "a ________ and nothing else."

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poem

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Such artists as Jan van Eyck took advantage of the transparency of oil paint glazes to attain a rich ________, as though their painting was lit from within.

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luminosity

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Why would graffiti artist Banksy use stencils to transfer his artworks onto walls?

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speed of application is important to graffiti artists, who often risk arrest for defacing public property

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The Roman-era encaustic portraits from Fayum are excellent examples of Roman painting in wax. What was Fayum?

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an oasis

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Linseed oil came into general use as a painting binder in the fifteenth century, particularly in the following country:

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Flanders

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The binder used to suspend pigment in acrylic paint is ________.

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polymer resin

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Fresco painting was practiced in which of these locations?

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Each answer shown is correct

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"And There Is No Remedy" was part of a horrifying print series created by Francisco Goya, titled ________.

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The Disasters of War

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Collagraph printing is different to relief or intaglio methods, because:

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the artist builds up rather than cuts into the surface that is to be inked

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Printing with inks was first practiced in which country in the third century CE?

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China

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When creating a multi-color print, aligning the blocks or plates to ensure that the colors will appear in the correct location is called ________.

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registration

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This material, derived from tree sap, is used in aquatint printmaking: a process that emulates the appearance of water-based media.

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rosin

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Why do many contemporary printmakers prefer linocut to woodblock printing?

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because it is softer than wood and does not show the grain

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Hokusai and Albrecht Dürer were printmakers who lived at different times and in different countries, but they had this in common:

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they both relied on skilled craftsmen to execute their print editions

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Andy Warhol produced silkscreen prints depicting many celebrities, including a work titled Four ________.

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Marilyns

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At one point in the lithography process, the artist must wipe the stone clean with which solvent to prepare for the inking?

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kerosene

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Which German author devised the lithographic printing process because he wanted to use a cheaper printing method?

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Senefelder

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The German artist Albrecht Dürer created Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse using which relief printmaking method?

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woodcut

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Nearly all printmaking is done in editions, but some artists will opt to create unique prints. These are called:

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monotype prints and monoprints

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Max Beckmann exploited the irregular character of drypoint for his print Adam and Eve because it matched the style of the ________ group with whom he was affiliated.

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Expressionist

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A relief sculpture is one that is designed to be seen from one side. The two kinds of relief sculpture are: ________, which is deeply cut, and ________, which has little depth.

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high relief . . . bas-relief

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The massive earthwork the Great Serpent Mound is made of mounds of earth that resemble a snake eating ________.

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an egg

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The bronze sculpture Riace Warrior A was created as ________ representation of the human body.

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an idealized

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Antony Gormley's Asian Field is a vast ________ artwork made up of small clay figures.

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installation

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Which ruler of Renaissance Florence commissioned artist Giambologna to create a sculpture that symbolized the city's strength?

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Francesco de' Medici

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Michelangelo used this Italian term, which refers to nudity, to describe the figures he intended to use for the tomb of Pope Julius II:

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ignudi

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The Constructivist movement in art is associated with which historical European country?

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Soviet Union

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Naum Gabo's Constructed Head No. 2 investigates the sense of ________ and form implied by flat planes, in contrast to the solid mass of conventional sculpture.

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space

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The practice of gathering objects and fabricating them into a work of art is called:

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assemblage

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Even though it is a freestanding sculpture, Sculpture of the Lady Sennuwy was made to be displayed in what fashion?

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with its back to a pillar or wall

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Sculpture that moves is called ________ sculpture.

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kinetic

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Which of the following is not a method of carving?

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spooning

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The Hawaiian sculpture of a war god (Figure 2.4.7) is a composition that represents how many different gods?

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two

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Maya pyramids primarily served as platforms for ________.

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temples

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A ________ is an architectural space that is created by using a series of columns, or a colonnade, to support a flat ceiling.

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hypostyle hall

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Which type of arch, made up of stones that are progressively stepped inward, was used by the ancient Babylonians and Mycenaeans?

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corbeled arch

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Classical architecture inspired Renaissance architects, and the style was also revived in the ________ century.

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mid-eighteenth

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What issue(s) concern twenty-first-century architects?

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limited resources, energy conservation, and sustainability

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The most impressive feature of the Church of Hagia Sophia is its enormous ________.

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dome

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This material allowed for the construction of huge, glass-fronted skyscrapers.

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steel

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Although radically different in appearance, Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye and Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater can both be described as ________ architecture.

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Modernist

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Pointed arches conduct the downward thrust of the weight of the building by redirecting it outward toward the walls, and have a strong upward visual ________.

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emphasis

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The main building in the Horyu Temple complex in Nara, Japan is the ________.

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Kondo

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The magnificent Süleymaniye mosque in Istanbul, Turkey was designed by:

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Sinan

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Which style of church architecture emulates the architectural style of the ancient Romans and uses rounded vaults and vaulted aisles in its plan?

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Romanesque

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The lead architect of the Taj Mahal complex borrowed design elements from:

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Each answer shown is correct

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Architects must consider the availability and cost of ________ when they plan their projects.

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building materials

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Which African-American artist created the fiber artwork Tar Beach as an autobiographical work about her own experiences growing up in New York?

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Faith Ringgold

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The metalworking process called repoussé, used to create the death mask from Mycenae, involves what kind of craftsmanship?

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hammering

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Clay used to make earthenware has a good ________: it is pliable and can be easily formed into almost any orientation.

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plasticity

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Processing plant fibers begins with separating the fiber from the plant, then preparing it for use by spinning the fiber into a long ________.

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thread

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In Geoffrey Chaucer's time, the makers of the fine objects we can see today in the world's great art museums learned their trade in associations called ________.

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guilds

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Exceptional large-scale stained-glass windows were featured in the construction of which Gothic cathedral in northern France?

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Chartres

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When an artist is making pottery by hand-throwing, the first step when forming the clay on a potter's wheel is to ________.

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center a mound of clay on the wheel

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San Ildefonso pottery is created using:

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hand-building techniques

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The Korean-American artist Hyo-In Kim created the work To Be Modern #2 to emulate a ________, a traditional Korean dress worn with shoes and a hairpin by women of the upper and royal classes.

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hanbok

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South-African wood turner Andrew Early chooses to keep the natural irregularities of wood in his finished artworks, in order to preserve a sense of the material's innate ________.

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personality

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Which piece of sculpted Roman glass was named after one of its owners, Margaret Bentinck, an English duchess?

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Portland Vase

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The artists Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris believed that society should reject rampant industrialization and restore ________.

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hand craftsmanship

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The word "type" derives from the ________ meaning "to strike."

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Greek

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Though no original works of calligraphy by the ancient Chinese artist Wang Xizhi still exist, many students have been able to retrieve specimens of his writing style by:

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making rubbings from a stone tablet

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The illustrator James Montgomery brought this character to life, and created a memorable icon, in his poster I Want You for U.S. Army:

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Uncle Sam

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In web design, text that when clicked will immediately link to another web page is called ________.

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a hyperlink

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Digital color displays are illuminated by three different colored light cells: red, green, and blue. These can result in:

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millions of color possibilities

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The Bauhaus school in Germany was originally conceived as a school of ________ by its founder, Walter Gropius.

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architecture

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When a typeface does not have any extra embellishments on the top and bottom of the letterforms, it is called a ________ font.

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sans serif

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The designer and artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec created poster designs for which Parisian nightspot?

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Moulin Rouge

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The logo that identifies the Ford Motor Company was created using Spencerian script by ________ named Harold Wills.

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an engineer and executive

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Commercial color printers use the following three primary colors, plus black:

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cyan, magenta, yellow

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When light-sensitive film is exposed to light, ________ image is formed.

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a negative

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Because the camera appears to capture an image of an event exactly as it occurred, viewers often believe that the resulting photograph is ________ record of events.

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a totally accurate

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How did photographer Steve McCurry decide to mark the end of the production of Kodachrome film?

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by using the final roll to produce a series of portraits

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Photographs have only recently been collected by fine art museums because for a long time they were considered by some not to be ________.

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true forms of art

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The ________ was an early form of camera.

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camera obscura

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The earliest photographs were black and white because:

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Each answer shown is correct

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Early photographer William Henry Fox Talbot discovered how to make positive prints that could be:

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easily reproduced

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Color processes can be used to make photographs that are:

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Each answer shown is correct

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Garry Winogrand's practice of taking photographs that were not posed or set up in advance was known as:

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the snapshot aesthetic

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Three important photographic genres are portraiture, landscape, and ________ (images of inanimate objects, such as fruit).

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still life

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Unlike a photocollage, a photomontage is made to be ________.

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reproduced

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The actor Andy Serkis played Gollum in the Lord of the Rings movies. His performance was a combination of traditional acting and ________.

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motion capture

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Among artistic media, one that developed relatively recently is ________.

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moving imagery

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Photographs by Eadweard Muybridge could be put into a ________ to create the impression that they were actually moving.

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spinning zoetrope

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The earliest films did not feature ________.

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ongoing dialog

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When online television streaming services, such as Netflix, choose to release all episodes of a series simultaneously, this gives viewers:

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more control over their viewing experience than with traditional television

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Technology is used in contemporary video artworks, such as those made by Bill Viola and Nam June Paik, in ways that ______.

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relate to people using imagery and a medium they can readily understand

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The sequences in Meshes of the Afternoon are similar to ______.

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dream imagery

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One of the first moving subjects to be captured on camera was ________.

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a horse

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Considering films to be works of art because they are the realization of a director's creative vision is known as auteur theory, from the French word for "________."

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author

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The main difference between the animation used in The Cameraman's Revenge and Spirited Away is that The Cameraman's Revenge was made using ______.

answer

puppets

question

A musical tells a story using ______.

answer

dialog, dance, and songs

question

One important difference between The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and An Inconvenient Truth is that ______.

answer

An Inconvenient Truth is based on actual events

question

Both Fred Wilson's Mining the Museum and Kara Walker's Insurrection! (Our Tools Were Rudimentary, Yet We Pressed On) combine ________.

answer

historical occurrences and contemporary viewpoints

question

Performance art differs from theater because ________.

answer

the actions usually take place in an art context

question

What do Yoko Ono's Wish Tree and Mel Chin's Fundred Dollar Bill Project have in common?

answer

they rely on participants for their completion

question

When Marina Abramović performed The Artist is Present at MoMA in 2010, she did not speak or move, but created what she called a/an "________" with participants.

answer

energy dialogue

question

Barbara Kruger's Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of My Face) makes the viewer consider which of the following issues?

answer

Each answer shown is correct

question

The kinds of artworks made using alternative media are ________.

answer

performance art, conceptual art, installations, and environments

question

Jean Tinguely's Homage to New York, a mechanized assemblage of discarded junk, was influenced by:

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Marcel Duchamp's readymades, the painting techniques of Jackson Pollock, and the rebellious performances of Dada artists

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Installation artworks:

answer

Each answer shown is correct

question

An important difference between Coyote, I Like America and America Likes Me and Following Piece is that Following Piece took place ________.

answer

on the streets of New York

question

The traditional, and narrow, definition of "fine art" includes ________.

answer

paintings on canvas and sculptures on pedestals

question

The most important aspect of a piece of conceptual art is ________.

answer

the idea behind the artwork

question

This twentieth-century artist, and creator of Fountain (a factory-made urinal), was very influential for later artists working in alternative media.

answer

Marcel Duchamp

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