Army Study Guide – Army Leadership/ Counseling (FM 6-22) – Flashcards
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What does FM 6-22 cover?
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Army Leadership
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What does FM 7-0 cover?
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Training the force
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Define Leadership.
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Leadership is influencing people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the organization.
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What is purpose?
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Purpose gives subordinates the reason to act in order to achieve a desired outcome.
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What is direction?
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Providing clear direction involves communicating how to accomplish a mission: prioritizing tasks, assigning responsibility for completion, and ensuring subordinates understand the standard.
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What is motivation?
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Motivation supplies the will to do what is necessary to accomplish a mission.
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Describe the "Be, Know and Do".
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Army leadership begins with what the leader must BE, the values and attributes that shape a leader's character. Know is Your Skills, the things you know how to do. You cannot be effective, you cannot be a leader, until you apply what you know, until you act and DO what you must.
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What are the three principal ways that leaders can develop others through which they provide knowledge and feedback?
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1. Counseling 2. Coaching 3. Mentoring
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A leader's effectiveness is dramatically enhanced by understanding and developing what areas?
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1. Military Bearing 2. Physical Fitness 3. Confidence 4. Resilience
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What is military bearing?
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Projecting a commanding presence, a professional image of authority.
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What is physical fitness?
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Having sound health, strength, and endurance, which sustain emotional health and conceptual abilities under prolonged stress.
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What is confidence?
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Having confidence and certainty in the unit's ability to succeed in whatever it does.
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What is resilience?
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Having the tendency to recover quickly from setbacks.
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What are the three core domains that shape the critical learning experiences throughout Soldiers' and leaders' careers?
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1. Institutional training. 2. Training, education, and job experience gained during operational assignments. 3. Self-development.
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What are the Leader Actions?
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1. Influencing - getting people (Soldiers, Army civilians, and multinational partners) to do what is necessary. 2. Operating - the actions taken to influence others to accomplish missions and to set the stage for future operations. 3. Improving - capturing and acting on important lessons of ongoing and completed projects and missions.
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What are the three levels of leadership?
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FM 6-22
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What are the Army Values?
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Loyalty Duty Respect Selfless Service Honor Integrity Personal Courage
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Core leader competencies are what an Army leader does. What are the core leader competencies?
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1. An Army leader leads 2. An Army leader develops 3. An Army leader achieves.
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Why must leaders introduce stress into training?
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Using scenarios that closely resemble the stresses and effects of the real battlefield is essential to victory and survival in combat.
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What are intended and unintended consequences?
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Intended consequences are the anticipated results of a leader's decisions and actions. Unintended consequences arise from unplanned events that affect the organization or accomplishment of the mission.
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What is communication?
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A process of providing information
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Name the two barriers of communications
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1. Physical 2. Psychological
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Name some physical barriers of communication
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-Noise of battle -Distance
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What is counseling?
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Counseling is the process used by leaders to review with a subordinate the subordinate's demonstrated performance and potential.
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What are the three major categories of developmental counseling?
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1. Event counseling 2. Performance counseling 3. Professional growth counseling
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Character is essential to successful leadership. What are the three major factors that determine a leader's character?
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1. Army Values 2. Empathy 3. Warrior Ethos
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What are the 7 steps to problem solving?
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1. ID the problem 2. Gather information 3. Develop criteria 4. Generate possible solutions 5. Analyze possible solutions 6. Compare possible solutions 7. Make and implement the decision
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What is reverse planning?
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Reverse planning is a specific technique used to ensure that a concept leads to the intended end state.
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To assess subordinates, leaders you must-
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Observe and record subordinates' performance in the core leader competencies. Determine if the performances meet, exceed, or fall below expected standards. Tell subordinates what was observed and give an opportunity to comment. Help subordinates develop an individual development plan (IDP) to improve performance.
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What are the team building stages?
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1. Formation 2. Enrichment 3. Sustainment
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Name some things in a unit that affect morale
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Mess Military justice Mail Supply Billets
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What are beliefs?
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Beliefs derive from upbringing, culture, religious backgrounds and traditions.
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What are some techniques leaders may use during the directive approach to counseling?
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1. Corrective Training 2. Commanding
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What Field Manual covers counseling?
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FM 6-22 Appendix B
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What are the characteristics of effective counseling
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1. Purpose: Clearly define the purpose of the counseling. 2. Flexibility: Fit the counseling style to the character of each subordinate and to the relationship desired. 3. Respect: View subordinates as unique, complex individuals, each with a distinct set of values, beliefs, and attitudes. 4. Communication: Establish open, two-way communication with subordinates using spoken language, nonverbal actions, gestures, and body language. Effective counselors listen more than they speak. 5. Support: Encourage subordinates through actions while guiding them through their problems.
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What are the three approaches to counseling?
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FM 6-22
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Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Directive counseling.
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Advantages: -Quickest method. -Good for people who need clear, concise direction. -Allows counselors to actively use their experience. Disadvantages: -Doesn't encourage subordinates to be part of the solution. -Tends to treat symptoms, not problems. -Tends to discourage subordinates from talking freely. -Solution is the counselor's, not the subordinate's.
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Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Non-Directive counseling.
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Advantages: -Encourages maturity. -Encourages open communication. -Develops personal responsibility. Disadvantages: -More time-consuming -Requires greatest counselor skill.
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Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Combined counseling.
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Advantages: -Moderately quick. -Encourages maturity. -Encourages open communication. -Allows counselors to actively use their experience. Disadvantages: -May take too much time for some situations.
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What are the three major categories of developmental counseling?
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1. Event counseling 2. Performance counseling 3. Professional growth counseling
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What are some examples of Event counseling?
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1. Instances of superior or substandard performance. 2. Reception and Integration Counseling. 3. Crisis Counseling 4. Referral Counseling 5. Promotion Counseling 6. Separation Counseling
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What areas would you cover in a reception and integration counseling?
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-Chain of command familiarization. -Organizational standards. -Security and safety issues. -Noncommissioned officer (NCO) support channel (who is in it and how it is used). On- and off-duty conduct. -Personnel/personal affairs/initial and special clothing issue. -Organizational history, structure, and mission. -Soldier programs within the organization, such as Soldier of the Month/Quarter/Year, and educational and training opportunities. -Off limits and danger areas. -Functions and locations of support activities. -On- and off-post recreational, educational, cultural, and historical opportunities. -Foreign nation or host nation orientation. -Other areas the individual should be aware of as determined by the leader.
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What are the 4 stages of the Counseling Process?
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1. Identify the need for counseling. 2. Prepare for counseling. 3. Conduct counseling. 4. Follow up.
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What are the steps required to prepare for counseling?
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-Select a suitable place. -Schedule the time. -Notify the subordinate well in advance. -Organize information. -Outline the counseling session components. -Plan your counseling strategy. -Establish the right atmosphere.
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A counseling session consists of what 4 basic components?
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-Opening the session. -Discussing the issues. -Developing the plan of action. -Recording and closing the session.
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What is counseling?
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Counseling is the process used by leaders to review with a subordinate the subordinate's demonstrated performance and potential.
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What are some counseling techniques leaders may explore during the nondirective or combined counseling approaches?
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1. Suggesting Alternatives 2. Recommending 3. Persuading 4. Advising
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How many human needs are there?
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4 (Physical, Social, Security and Higher (Religious))
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What is tact?
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A keen sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations with others and to avoid offense
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What is the objective of counseling?
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For one person to help another
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What are the 7 steps to problem solving?
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1. ID the problem 2. Gather information 3. Develop criteria 4. Generate possible solutions 5. Analyze possible solutions 6. Compare possible solutions 7. Make and implement the decision
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What is communications?
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Communications is the flow or exchange of information and ideas from one person to another.
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Faulty communications causes most problems. True or false?
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True
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Leaders should seek to develop and improve what three leader counseling skills?
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1. Active Listening 2. Responding 3. Questioning
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To insure that they understand the message sent to them, the receiver should send what back to the transmitter?
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Feedback
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What are the qualities of an effective counselor?
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1. Respect for subordinates 2. Self-awareness 3. Cultural awareness 4. Empathy 5. Credibility
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In communications, your exchange of information has three important parts. What are they?
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1. Message 2. Content 3. Context
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Name some good conditions that make for good discipline
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-High performance standards -Loyalty to superiors and subordinates -Competitive activities -Tough training -Open channel of communications
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What course of action should a supervisor take when a subordinate has been performing below his/her usual standards?
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1. Counsel about substandard performance. 2. Attempt to define the problem with the soldier. 3. Afford opportunity and time to solve the problem. 4. Make a written statement of counseling
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What are the stresses that influence behavior?
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Fear Hunger Illness Anxiety Fatigue
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By neglecting the welfare of your Soldiers, you will probably do what?
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Lose their respect and loyal cooperation
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What form is used for counseling?
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DA Form 4856 E
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When is the directive approach in counseling most likely to be used?
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When time is short, when the LEADER knows what to do, when the counseled soldier has limited problem-solving abilities.
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Is it a requirement that a leader counsel his/her subordinates?
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Yes. A leader who neglects to counsel his subordinates is negligent in his performance of duty
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Is performance counseling limited to bad performance?
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No. Counseling may also be for good performance
