Aristotle, Plato and Socrates – Flashcards
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Metaphysics
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Study of ultimate reality
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Epistemology
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Study of knowledge and theories of knowledge
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Logic
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Methodology of argumentation
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Ethics
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Study of the values of actions; right and wrong
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Aesthetics
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Study of "beauty"; study of the nature of the arts
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Social and political
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Nature of "the state"; nature of society; nature of governmant
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Pre-Socratic Philosophers
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Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
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Pre-Socratics
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Focused on the natural world and metaphysics
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Socrates
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"The in examined life is not worth living."
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Socrates
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The teacher in Plato's dialogues
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Socrates
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Called himself a mid-wife
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Socrates
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Charged with corrupting the youth
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Socrates
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Sentenced to death by hemlock
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Plato
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Student of Socrates, teacher of Aristotle
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Plato
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Wrote dialogues based on Socrates' teaching
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Plato
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Allegory of the Cave, Divided Line Theory
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Plato
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Immaterial and immortal soul
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Plato
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Ultimate good
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Plato
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Rationalist
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Aristotle
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Empiricist
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Aristotle
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4 causes
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Aristotle
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Believed in 3 types of soul
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Soul
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Capacity of a living thing (Aristotle)
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Virtue
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A mean between 2 extremes (Aristotle)
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Aristotle
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Unmoved mover
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Aristotle
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Student of Plato
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Wisdom, courage, temperance
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3 basic virtues (Plato)
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Vegetative/nutritive, sensitive/sentient, rational
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3 Types of Soul (Aristotle)
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Divided Line Theory
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The soul connects the visible world with the intelligible world
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Efficient, material, formal, final
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4 Causes (Aristotle)
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The cave
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Represents darkness, lack of understanding the truth
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The process
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Symbolizes the process of going from ignorance to truth via imagination
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The light
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Represents truth, reality, and understanding
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Euthyphro
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Discussion of piety and the charges against Socrates and Euthyphro's father
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The Apology
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Socrates' trial and his defense
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The Crito
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Socrates' friend tries to get him to escape from prison
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Aristotle
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Claimed that there are 3 types of soul
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Plato
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Claimed that the soul is immortal and immaterial
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Aristotle
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Claimed that ethics is the science of conduct
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Monism
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Belief that there is one ultimate thing in the universe
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Philosophy
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Love of wisdom
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Monarchy, aristocracy, polity
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Aristotle's ideal states
