APW concrete details TP2 – Flashcards
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What year did Rome collapse?
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476 C.E., the western side of Rome
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What were some causes of Romes fall?
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Rivalry (235-284 C.E. = 26 emperors); wars with the German nomads in the north,
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What did the fall of Rome produce?
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new cultures (German mixed with Latin); no centralized government; small kingdoms that drew on Roman Laws and culture (See more: http://essaylab.com/blog/judaism)
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What did the fall of Rome produce?
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new cultures (German mixed with Latin); no centralized government; small kingdoms that drew on Roman Laws and culture (See more: http://essaylab.com/blog/judaism)
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What did the fall of the Zhou dynasty produce?
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warring states
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Why did China fall?
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rivalries within; wars with the Huns: nomadic people to the north
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Yellow turban rebellion
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peasant vs land lords in China
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religious beliefs in TP2
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Islam, Hinduism, Christianity, Judaism. Zoroastrianism, Daoism
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Empire
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Larger, more aggressive states that conquer others
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TP2 civilizations
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Persia, Greece, Rome, Han China, India
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Political of Persia
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Kings connected to gods; Absolute monarch (whatever king said was done); 23 provinces with each having its own small king that answered to the king (king of kings).
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Cyrus and Darius
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Great kings of Persia, Persians conquered land from Egypt to India
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Ahue Mazda
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Persian God
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Persian culture
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respected non Persian beliefs, included Judaism and Zoroastrian
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"Royal Road"
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Trading in Persia and gave wealth/power to the civ.
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Social in greece
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patriarchy, cities were divided and youd ID by what city you were from
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Political in Greece
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Free people could run for political positions, Conflicts between cities, even small scale farmers had rights,
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Sparta
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military city of Greece
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culture of Greece
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same language throughout; Olympic games every 4 years (sports big part); Gods on Mt Olympus
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Social of Rome
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patricians, plebeians, slaves; patriarchy where women need protection;
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"good Laws" vs "good men"
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In China, everyone had the same values and were Chinese to ensure that they were good men. In Rome there wasnt much citizenship because a good man just fallowed the laws and didnt need to be unified by religion and values (good laws)
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plebians
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poor people in Rome
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patricians
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rich people in Rome
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Slaves in Rome
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source=prisoners, no race factor, 30-40% of the population, thought to be punished by god
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Spartacus
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73 B.C.E. slave rebellion in Rome, rebels were crusifyed
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Political of Rome
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from monarchy to republic to empire;
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Punic Wars
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264-146 B.C.E. Rome vs Carthage; part of Romes expansion and effort to control the Mediterranean Basin
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Romes Monarchy
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700 B.C.E., beginning of Rome as city-states, overthrown by aristocrats in 509 B.C.E. and turned into republic (formed a senate)
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Expansion into Italian Peninsula
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began in 490 B.C.E. lasted 500 years, and resulted in control of the Mediterranean Basin and included the Punic Wars
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Civil War in Rome
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poor people unhappy with the rich, Ceaser became dictator for life (and military leader)
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Reign of Augustus
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27 B.C.E. -14 C.E. first emperor and kept appearance of republic with senate
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Pax Romona
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Peace within Rome, peak of control, first two centuries of C.E.
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Social of Han China
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Confucianism= patriarchy and elders; officials= upper class; merchants= unpopluar
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yin/yang
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Daoists balance to everything (yang= masc. strength) (yin= fem. emotion, weakness)
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3 obediences of Confucian
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Of women: the father, the husband, the sons
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Qin Dynasty
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named himself Shihuagd (first emperor); built the Great Wall; very strict=unpopluar legalist; unified China
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legalism
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based on humans not being smart; they need to be controlled; no gods or supernatural. used in Qin Dynasty
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"mandate oh Heaven"
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rulers of China
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Imperial Academy
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a feature of Han China out of their Confucian culture. Educate boys (wealthy) to become officials; complete with standardized tests
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Casta
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puity of blood between dark and lighter skin people in India
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Varna
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4 classes of the caste system: Brahmans (head, preists); kohatrya (Arms, warriors); vaisya (legs, commoners); sundrals (feet, servants)
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Jati
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subgroups of each varna; occupational based
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Mauryan Empire
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Indian empire 326-184 B.C.E.
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Ashoka
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Mauryan Emperor that converted to Buddism; the only Budist emperor in India
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Gupta Empire
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Indian empire 320-550 C.E.
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Judaism
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1st monotheist faith; yeweh (god); basis for Christianity; spread by being kicked out of Rome
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Hinduism
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Darmah: duty/ purpose based on caste; Karma: born better if your good and opp; semarah: cycle of rebirth; Moksha: release from cycle; keeps structure in society with caste system
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confucianism
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moral examples teaches to be good people (son learns from father, etc) based on education; primary belief in Han China
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Daoism
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unity of opp (yin and yang); simplicity; dao hoa= the way; nature and leaving society
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Buddhism
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same idea as Hinduism (karma and rebirth); nirvana: heaven/ meaning of life; 8 fold path: eight steps to enlightenment; nonviolent; universal; four truths (stop desire, you stop suffering)
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Christianity
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monotheistic; life of Jesus: the son of god/ misiah; salvation: going to heaven vs hell; universal; spread through missionaries
