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Continental System

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In Napolean Wars, blockade designed by Napolean to paralyze Great Britain through the destruction of British commerce

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Berlin Decrees (1806)

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France and her allies were forbidden to accept British goods and British ships were excluded from all ports

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Milan Decree (1807)

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This decree was issued by France and stated that any ship that had visited England, was bound for an English port, or had been searched by an English party could be confiscated by France.

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Impressment

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British practice of taking American sailors from American ships and forcing them into the British navy; a factor in the War of 1812.

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Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

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1807 - The American ship Chesapeake refused to allow the British on the Leopard to board to look for deserters. In response, the Leopard fired on the Chesapeake. As a result of the incident, the U.S. expelled all British ships from its waters until Britain issued an apology. They surrendered the colony to the English on Sept. 8, 1664.

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Embargo Act of 1807

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This act issued by Jefferson forbade American trading ships from leaving the U.S. It was meant to force Britain and France to change their policies towards neutral vessels by depriving them of American trade. It was difficult to enforce because it was opposed by merchants and everyone else whose livelihood depended upon international trade. It also hurt the national economy, so it was replaced by the Non-Intercourse Act.

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Macon's Bill No. 2

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1810 - Forbade trade with Britain and France, but offered to resume trade with whichever nation lifted its neutral trading restrictions first. France quickly changed its policies against neutral vessels, so the U.S. resumed trade with France, but not Britain.

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General William Henry Harrison

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Western general who fought against the Indians in the west; defeated Tecumseh and his brother at the Battle of Tippecanoe; later became 9th president

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The Prophet, Tenskwatawa

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1768-1834 Religious leader and brother of Tecumseh. Nickenamed "The Prophet." His defeat at the Battle of Tippecanoe ruined Tecumsheh's plans for a new Native American confederacy.

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Tecumseh

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a famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Indian tribes against the increasing white settlement

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War Hawks

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Southerners and Westerners who were eager for war with Britain. They had a strong sense of nationalism, and they wanted to takeover British land in North America and expand.

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John C. Calhoun

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South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification

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Henry Clay

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United States Senator from Kentucky, responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave state

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Mr. Madison's War

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Derisive Federalist name for the War of 1812 that blamed it on the Republican president

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Francis Scott Key

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United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812. The poem later became the Star Spangled Banner.

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Battle of New Orleans

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A battle during the War of 1812 where the British army attempted to take New Orleans. Due to the foolish frontal attack, Jackson defeated them, which gave him an enormous popularity boost.

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Andrew Jackson

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The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers.

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Hartford Convention

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Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Republican Party. These actions were largley viewed as traitorous to the country and lost the Federalist much influence

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Treaty of Ghent (1814)

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Ended the War of 1812 with Britain cofirming the sovereignty of the new nation

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Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)

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disarment pact between US and Britain; strictly limited Naval armament on the Great Lakes; the agreement was extended to place limits on border fortifications; border between US and Canada is the largest unfortified border in the world

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John Quincy Adams

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Sixth president of the United States He was in favor of funding national research and he appointed Henry Clay as his Secretary of State. During his presidency the National Republicans were formed in support of him.

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First Seminole War (1817-1818)

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conflict that occured between U.S. and Seminole; Seminole were crossing Georgia border to raid towns and harbored runaway slaves; Jackson seized all Spanish forts in East Florida; very controversial act by Jackson

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Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

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An agreement between the US and Spain. Spain ceded East Florida to the U.S and agreed to joint posession of Oregon.

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Tariff of 1816

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helped American industry, raised prices of British manufactured goods, which were cheaper and of higher quality than those proved in U.S

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Era of Good Feeling

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the period from 1817 to 1823 in which the disappearance of the federalists enabled the Republicans to govern in a spirit of seemingly nonpartisan harmony.

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Panic of 1819

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Economic panic caused by extensive speculation and a decline of Europena demand for American goods along with mismanagement within the Second Bank of the United States. Often cited as the end of the Era of Good Feelings.

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Tallmadge Amendment

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This was an attempt to have no more slaves to be brought to Missouri and provided the gradual emancipation of the children of slaves. In the mind of the South, this was a threat to the sectional balance between North and South.

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Missouri Compromise (1820)

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Admitted Main as a free state and Missouri as a slave state States north of the 26/30 line would enter as free states States south of the line would enter as slave states

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McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

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the Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the Constitution's supremacy clause. The Court's broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers

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Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)

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Supreme Court case concerning Georgia's annulment of all Cherokee laws; the Supreme Court ruled that Indian tribes did not have the right to appeal to the federal court systems because they were not citizens, therefore did not have the rights of them

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Worchester v. Georgia (1832)

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Supreme court ruling that GA wasn't entitled to regulate or invade Cherokee lands. Jackson overstepped his presidential powers by refusing to abide by the ruling.

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Monroe Doctrine (1823)

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Written by John Q. Adams, this doctrine stated that Europeans could not intervene in the Western Hemisphere in exchange, the U.S. would not interfere with existing European colonies and wars. If Europe intervened, the U.S. would interpret this as dangerous to U.S. national security and take appropriate action.

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King Caucus

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Up until 1820, presidential candidates were nominated by caucuses of the two parties in Congress, but in 1824, this idea was overthrown., Andrew Jackson's term for selection process of candidates

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American System

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an economic regime pioneered by Henry Clay which created a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building. This approach was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper by themselves This would eventually help America industrialize and become an economic power.

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Corrupt Bargain

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In the election of 1824, none of the candidates were able to secure a majority of the electoral vote, thereby putting the outcome in the hands of the House of Representatives, which elected John Quincy Adams over rival Andrew Jackson. Henry Clay was the Speaker of the House at the time, and he convinced Congress to elect Adams. Adams then made Clay his Secretary of State.

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Tariff of Abomination

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Tariff passed by Congress in 1828 that favored manufacturing in the North because it put a high tax on imported goods

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