APUSH Chapter 33 IDs – Flashcards
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
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D
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Eleanor Roosevelt
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Brain Trusts
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"Ghost writers" This group wrote speeches for FDR. They also authored many New Deal measures.
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Glass-Steagall Act
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Also known as the Banking Act. This Act set up the Federal Deposit Insurance Company, which insured deposits up to 5,000 dollars. It restored confidence in the banks and people began to deposit money.
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Three R's
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Relief, Recovery, Reform. These were FDR's targets through the New Deal.
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Harry Hopkins
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Head of the Federal Relief Administration(FERA) set up by the Emergency Relief Act. He was a thin smoker who granted states money to pay for work projects in order to employ civilians. Later head of the Civil Works Administration (CWA) and WPA as well.
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Civilian Conservation Corps
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CCC. Might have been the most popular of the 'alphabet soup'. It employed about 3 million young men who sent their pay back to their families. Critics complained it was the same as a military. Helped keep youths out of crime. 1933
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Father Coughlin
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The "microphone messiah". A catholic priest in Michigan who broadcasted to some 40 million fans. His talks became so ridiculous he was silenced by church higher ups.
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Huey Long
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Senator "Kingfish". He publicized a "Share Our Wealth" program. Every family was to receive 5,000 dollars from income of the rich. He was assassinated in 1935 in Louisiana.
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Francis Townshend
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A Californian demagogue who preached senior citizens should receive 200 dollars a month provided they spend the money within the month.
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Works Progress Administration
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1935. WPA. Spent 11 billion on public works to give over 9 million people jobs. Was passed partly to quiet growing discontent from radio broadcasts. Also funded some arts.
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Francis Perkins
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Secretary of Labor who became the first ever woman to be in the cabinet.
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National Recovery Act
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It set up the PWA and the NRA. This effectively set up work hours, wage, and product prices for many. Although some companies cheated.
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Harold Ickes
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Secretary of the Interior who headed the Public Works Administration(PWA). They funded many projects including the Grand Coulee Dam. Second largest structure built by humans.
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21st Amendment
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Repealed the prohibition (18th Amendment( first and only amendment to be repealed)).
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George W. Norris
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A politician from Nebraska who pushed for the TVA.
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Tennessee Valley Authority
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TVA. Passed as a result of George W. Norris. It was created to find out how much electric production cost in order to see if companies were being fair or not. This organization helped the Tennessee Valley go from poverty to wealthy.
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Social Security Act of 1935
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In order to help with future problems, it set up unemployment insurance. Retired workers were to be payed a wage per month by the government depending on what they did. Handicapped were also helped by the government.
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Wagner Act
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Also known as the National Labor Relations Act of 1935. It allowed workers to set up trade unions, engage in collective bargaining through its own representatives (chosen by workers not boss), and take collective action (strike) if necessary. It set up the National Labor Relation Board.
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National Labor Relation Board
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Set up by the Wagner Act. It conducts elections in which laborers decide wether or not they want to be represented by a certain trade union.
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John L. Lewis
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A miner who became the head of the CIO (1935). Became the leader of the most effective unskilled union.
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Congress of Industrial Organizations
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CIO. The most effective unskilled labor union of the time. They were recognized by General Motors through a sit down strike and later by steel companies because of this. The broke with AF of L in 1938 and by 1940 it had 4 million members.
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Alfred M. Landon
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A politician from Kansas who was the democratic nominee in the 1936 election. He was crushed.
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20th Amendment
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Ratified in 1933 it got rid of the "lame-duck" period. It changed inauguration day from March 4 to January 20th. It also reduced the wait for incoming congressmen as well.
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Court-packing scheme
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One of the worst mistakes of FDRs political career. He wanted to apoint a new justice for every justice who would not retire over the age of 72. It would have increased the justice count to 15. People were accusing him of dictatorship.
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Keynesian Economics
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A theory that says economic output is determined by demand, which does not always reflect the economic capacity of the country. During recession, money circulation can help.
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Liberty League
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Founded in 1934 in opposition to the New Deal. It was a conservative anti-New Deal organization which had members like Alfred Smith, the DuPonts, and John W. Davis.
