question

A young minister converted by the evangelical preacher Charles G. Finney, _____ helped to create a mass constituency for abolitionism by training speakers and publishing pamphlets.

answer

Theodore Weld

question

Abby Kelley

answer

demonstrated the interconnectedness of nineteenth-century reform movements

question

Abolitionists challenged stereotypes about African-Americans by:

answer

countering the pseudoscientific claim that they formed a separate species

question

According to Alexis de Tocqueville, what were the most important institutions for organizing Americans?

answer

voluntary associations

question

According to the mid-nineteenth-century physicians and racial theorists Josiah Nott and George Gladden:

answer

there was a hierarchy of races, with black forming a separate species between whites and chimpanzees

question

All of the following are true of Margaret Fuller EXCPET:

answer

She was the first feminist leader educated at a major college

question

Although it only lasted a few years, the New Harmony community

answer

influences education reformers and women's right's advocates

question

Angelina and Sarah Grimké:

answer

critiqued the prevailing noting of separate spheres for men and women

question

At the end of their trek in the mid-1940s Mormons led by Brigham Young founded

answer

Salt Lake City, Utah

question

Before the Civil War, who came to believe that the U.S. Constitution did not provide national protection to the institution of slavery

answer

Frederick Douglass

question

Brook Farm

answer

was founded by New England transcendentalists

question

Burned-over districts were

answer

in New York and Ohio where intense revivals occurred

question

By 1840, the temperance movement in the United States had:

answer

encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol

question

Common Schools

answer

Existed in every northern state by the time of the Civil Way

question

Dorothea Dix devoted much time to the crusade for the:

answer

construction of humane mental hospitals for the insane

question

Frederick Douglass wrote, "When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, ____ will occupy a large space in its pages."

answer

women

question

Freedom's Journal

answer

was the first black-run newspaper in the United States

question

Horace Mann believed that public schools would do all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

help eliminate racial discrimination

question

How did reformers reconcile their desire to create moral order with their quest to enhance personal freedom?

answer

They argued that too many people were "slaves" to various sins and that freeing them from this enslavement would enable them to compete economically

question

How did the abolitionist movement that arose in the 1830s differ from earlier antislavery efforts?

answer

The later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately

question

How did the abolitionist link themselves to the nation's Revolutionary heritage?

answer

They seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.

question

Like Indian removal, the colonization of former slaves rested on the premises that America

answer

was fundamentally a white society

question

Members of which of the following groups were generally opposed to the temperate movement

answer

Catholics

question

The American Tract Society was focused on

answer

religion

question

The antislavery poet John Greenleaf Whittier compared reformer Abby Kelley to:

answer

Helen of Troy, who sowed the seeds of male destruction

question

The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa:

answer

prompted the adamant opposition of most free African-Americans

question

The death of Elijah Lovejoy in 1837:

answer

convinced many northerners that slavery was incompatible with white Americans' liberties

question

The first to apply the abolitionist doctrine of universal freedom and equality to the status of women

answer

were the Grimké sisters

question

The frontispiece of the 1848 edition of David Walker's book depicts a black figure receiving "liberty" and "justice" from:

answer

heaven

question

The gag rule

answer

prevented Congress from hearing antislavery petitions

question

The North-Carolina-born free black whose Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World won widespread attention was:

answer

David Walker

question

The Oneida community:

answer

controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce

question

The organized abolitionist movement split into two wings in 1840, largely over:

answer

dispute concerning the proper role of women in antislavery work

question

The proliferation of new institutions such as poorhouses and asylums for the insane during the antebellum era demonstrated the:

answer

tension's between liberation and control in the era's reform movements.

question

The reform communities established in the years before the Civil War:

answer

set out to reorganize society on a cooperative basis

question

The role of African-Americans in the abolitionist movement

answer

included helping to finance William Lloyd Garrison's newspaper

question

The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments

answer

condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women

question

The _____ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement

answer

Liberty Party

question

Utopian communities were unlikely to attract much support because most Americans

answer

saw property ownership as key to economic independence, but nearly all the utopian communities insisted members give up their property

question

What book was to some extent modeled on the autobiography of fugitive salve Josiah Henson?

answer

Uncle Tom's Cabin

question

What did reformers commonly believe about prisons and asylums?

answer

that they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society

question

What did the Fourth of July represent to Frederick Douglass?

answer

the hypocrisy of a nation that proclaimed liberty but sanctioned slavery

question

What was a "bloomer" in the 1850s?

answer

a feminist style of dress

question

Which of the following correctly pairs the reform community with the state in which it was located?

answer

New Harmony: Indiana

question

Which of the following was NOT a reform movement in which women played a prominent role during the early to mid-nineteenth century?

answer

the anti-Mexican-War movement

question

Which statement about Shakers is FALSE?

answer

The practiced "complex marriage" and publicly recorded sexual relations

question

Which statement about the Mormons, a group founded by Joseph Smith, is FALSE?

answer

The Mormons were founded in the 1840s as an offshoot of Methodism

question

Who founded the Shakers?

answer

Ann Lee

question

William Lloyd Garrison argued in Thoughts on African Colonization that:

answer

black were not "strangers" in America to be shipped abroad, but should be recognized as a permanent part of American society.

question

William Lloyd Garrison published an abolitionist newspaper called:

answer

The Liberator

question

William Lloyd Garrison

answer

Suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery.

question

Utopian communities

answer

Reform communities where small groups of men and women attempted to establish a more perfect order within the larger society.

question

Polygamy

answer

A Mormon practice which allows one man to have more than one wife.

question

Secular communitarian

answer

A person who plans or lives in a cooperative community

question

''perfectionism''

answer

The idea that social ills once considered incurable could in fact by eliminated.

question

Temperance movement

answer

A reform movement advocating the moderation in consumption of liquor.

question

Self-discipline

answer

Some reformers believed that self-fulfillment came through the practice of self-control.

question

Common school

answer

Tax-supported state schools open to all children.

question

Public education

answer

Universal public education was viewed as an avenue to restore equality and to equip the less fortunate for advance in the social scale.

question

American Colonization Society

answer

Organized in 1816 to encourage colonization of free blacks to Africa; West African nation of Liberia founded in 1822 to serve as a homeland for them.

question

American Anti-Slavery Society

answer

Founded in 1833 to organize efforts devoted to abolition.

question

''moral suasion''

answer

A method of reformers attempting to convert people to their cause by highlighting the moral implications of the opposing viewpoint.

question

Uncle Tom's Cabin

answer

Harriet Beecher Stoweâ€™s 1852 antislavery novel popularized the abolitionist position.

question

''Am I Not a Man and a Brother?''

answer

A motto adopted by abolitionists to highlight the reality that blacks in bondage were no different than the whites in power over them.

question

''gentlemen of property and standing''

answer

Merchants with close commercial ties to the South.

question

Gag rule

answer

Rule adopted by House of Representatives in 1836 prohibiting consideration of abolitionist petitions; opposition, led by former president John Quincy Adams, succeeded in having it repealed in 1844.

question

Dorothea Dix

answer

A Massachusetts schoolteacher who was the leading advocate of more humane treatment of the insane.

question

Woman suffrage

answer

A woman's right to vote, an issue raised for the first time at the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848.

question

Women in the Nineteenth Century

answer

Published in 1845, Margaret Fuller's work that sought to apply to women the transcendalist idea that freedom meant a quest for personal development.

question

Liberty Party

answer

Abolitionist political party that nominated James G. Birney for president in 1840 and 1844; merged with the Free Soil Party in 1848.

question

The American Colonization Society called for:

answer

a gradual end to slavery, and the resettlement of blacks outside the United States.

question

Dorthea Dix, a Massachusetts school teacher, was the leading proponent of:

answer

more humane treatment of the insane.

question

The 1836 "gag rule":

answer

prohibited consideration of petitions calling for emancipation in the House of Representatives.

question

Which of the following is not true of the utopian communities of the 1820s, 1830s, and 1840s?

answer

They differed little in their systems of labor, gender relations, and internal governance.

question

At the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention in New York, Elizabeth Cady Stanton modeled the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments on:

answer

the Declaration of Independence.

question

Which of the following was not a feature of the emergent American feminism of the 1840s?

answer

Feminist leaders like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott confined their focus to the quest for suffrage; for them, demands for equality in other areas seemed trivial by comparison.

question

The founder and earliest leader of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1820 was:

answer

Joseph Smith

question

Which of the following was not an area of public activism open to women during the 1830s and 1840s?

answer

political party conventions

question

"Perfectionism" was (is) the view that:

answer

social ills once considered unable to be cured could be eradicated.

question

American reform efforts during the 1820s and 1830s:

answer

raised and addressed a variety of issues, such as alcoholism, crime, prison life, illiteracy, labor conditions, women's rights, and slavery.

question

Which was not a characteristic of Robert Owen's early-nineteenth-century utopian communities?

answer

Individualism and anarchy were watchwords at New Harmony.

question

Beginning in 1816, the American Colonization Society:

answer

wished both to abolish slavery and send American blacks to Africa.

question

Which of the following was not a distinguishing feature of the new abolitionism of the 1830s?

answer

A conviction that if abolition was not soon achieved by "moral suasion," then violent measures would become necessary

question

The richly diverse voluntary associations that developed in early-nineteenth century United States included all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

societies to shorten the hours of labor for farmers to eight in a day.

question

The number of voluntary reform communities established in the decades before the Civil War that historians often call "utopian" communities—such as the Oneidan, Owenite, or Fourierist communities—numbered about

answer

100.

question

The nineteenth-century view that there should be an immediate end to slavery and incorporation of the freed persons into the republic as equal citizens is called:

answer

abolitionism.

question

Between 1833 and 1840, about how many northerners joined abolitionist groups?

answer

100,000

question

At Oneida, founded in 1848 in New York State, John Humphrey Noyes did away with private property and developed the idea of "complex marriage." Complex marriage at Oneida meant:

answer

any man and any woman could have sexual relations at any time so long as the relationship was mutual and was recorded in a public record book.

question

Which was not a movement Abby Kelley was associated with?

answer

tariff reform

question

Which was not among the institutional asylums built during the 1830s and 1840s?

answer

settlement houses in cities.

question

The Liberator, the abolitionist journal, was published in Boston in 1831 by:

answer

William Lloyd Garrison

question

Many northern women were inspired and transformed by the abolitionist message, but few played an active role in spreading it.

answer

F

question

As a driving force in the creation of public schools for all, Horace Mann promoted the idea that schools were training free individuals, which he believed meant people who might follow any desire they had, from hedonism to zoology.

answer

F

question

Overall, the reform movement focused on improving the moral character of Americans; it made little effort to improve their material conditions.

answer

F

question

More than 1 million northerners became abolitionists during the 1830s.

answer

F

question

Abolitionists did not believe so much in "moral suasion" as in the violent overthrow of the slave power and insurrection by slaves themselves.

answer

F

question

Though women could not vote in the early-nineteenth-century United States, they did circulate petitions, march in parades, and deliver public lectures on a variety of topics.

answer

T

question

Dorothea Dix was a leading advocate of abolitionism.

answer

F

question

A chief endeavor of black abolitionists was the call for freed blacks to travel to Africa to live in peace and freedom.

answer

F

question

"Perfectionism" was (is) the view that social ills once considered unable to be cured could be eradicated.

answer

T

question

Harriet Beecher Stowe was most famous for running the Underground Railroad.

answer

F

question

American reform efforts during the 1820s and 1830s raised and addressed a variety of issues, such as alcoholism, crime, prison life, illiteracy, labor conditions, women's rights, and slavery.

answer

T

question

As a driving force in the creation of public schools for all, Horace Mann promoted the idea that universal public education would encourage the good of society by bringing children of all economic classes together in a common learning experience.

answer

T

question

The Liberty Bell took its name not from eighteenth-century American Revolutionaries, but from nineteenth-century abolitionists.

answer

T

question

William Lloyd Garrison was most remembered for his book Uncle Tom's Cabin.

answer

F

question

Most African-Americans strongly supported settlement of themselves and other blacks in Africa (as a means to escape southern slavery).

answer

F

question

Shakers practiced sexual polygamy as part of their religious beliefs.

answer

F

question

First and foremost, Abbey Kelley was a tariff reform activist.

answer

F

question

Advocates of moral reform encountered widespread indifference or opposition on the part of those they were trying to reform.

answer

T

question

Disagreement over the role of women in antislavery campaigns contributed to a major split in the abolitionist movement.

answer

T

question

By 1860, tax-supported school systems for children had been established in every state.

answer

F

question

The suppression of abolitionism provoked broad outrage among northerners, including many who had little compassion for the plight of slaves.

answer

T

question

The Liberator, the abolitionist journal, was published in Boston in 1831 by Lucretia Mott.

answer

F

question

Committed to the separation of the sexes, Shaker communities admitted only men.

answer

F

APUSH | Chapter 12 An Age Of Reform, 1820-1840 – Flashcards

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