apush ch. 33-34 – Flashcards
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London Conference
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International economic conference on stabilizing currency that was sabotaged by FDR
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Philippines
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Nation to which the U.S. promised independence in the Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934
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Good Neighbor Policy
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FDR's repudiation of Theodore Roosevelt's corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, stating his intention to work cooperatively with Latin American nations
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Neutrality Acts
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A series of laws enacted by Congress in the mid-1930's that attempted to prevent any American involvement in future overseas wars
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Spanish Civil War
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Conflict between the rebel Fascist forces of General Francisco Franco and the Loyalist government that severely tested U. S. Neutrality legislation
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Quarantine Speech
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Roosevelt's 1937 speech that proposed strong U.S. measures against overseas aggressors
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Munich Conference
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European diplomatic conference in 1938 where Britain and France conceded to Hitler's demands for Czechoslovakia
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Appeasement
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Term for the British-French policy of attempting to prevent war by granting German demands
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Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies
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Leading U.S. group advocating American support for Britain in the the fight against Hitler
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America First Committee
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Leading isolationist group advocating that America focus on continental defense and non-involvement with the European war
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Lend-Lease Law
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Controversial 1941 law that made America the "arsenal of democracy" by providing supposedly temporary military material assistance to Britain
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Soviet Union (Russia)
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Communist nation invaded by Hitler in June 1941 that was also aided by American lend-lease
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Atlantic Charter
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U.S - British agreement of August 1941 to promote democracy and establish a new international organization for peace
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Reuben James
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U.S. destroyer sunk by German submarines off the coast of Iceland in October 1941, with the loss of over a hundred men.
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Pearl Harbor
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Major American Pacific naval base devastated in a surprise attack in December 1941
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New Deal
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Term used by FDR in 1932 acceptance speech that came to describe his whole reform program
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Brain Trust
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FDR's reform-minded intellectual advisers who conceived much of the New Deal legislation
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Hundred Days Congress
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Popular term for the special session of Congress in early 1933 that passed vast quantities of Roosevelt-initiated legislation
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Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
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The early New Deal agency that worked to solve the problems of unemployment and conservation by employing youth in reforestation and other socially beneficial tasks
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Works Project Administration (WPA)
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Large federal employment program, established in 1935 under Harry Hopkins that provided jobs in areas from road building to art
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Blue Eagle
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Widely displayed symbol of the National Recovery Admin. (NRA), which attempted to reorganize and reform U.S. industry
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Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
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New Deal farm agency that attempted to raise prices by paying farmers to reduce their production of crops and animals
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Dust Bowl
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The drought-stricken plains areas from which hundreds of thousands of "Okies" were driven during the Great Depression
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Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
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New Deal Agency that aroused strong conservative criticism by producing low-cost electrical power in competition with private utilities
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Social Security
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New Deal program that financed old-age pensions, unemployment insurance, and other forms of income assistance
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Committee or Industrial Organization (CIO)
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The new union group that organized large numbers of unskilled workers with the help of the Wagner Act and the National Labor Relations Board
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Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)
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New Deal agency established to provide a public watchdog against deception and fraud in stock trading
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American Liberty League
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Organization of wealthy Republicans and conservative Democrats whose attacks on the New Deal caused Roosevelt to denounce them as "economic royalists" in the campaign of 1936
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Court Packing (Judiciary Reorganization Bill)
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FDR's scheme for gaining Supreme Court approval of New Deal legislation
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Hatch Act
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Law of 1939 that prevented federal officials from engaging in campaign activities or using federal relief funds for political purposes
