APUSH Ch. 25 – Flashcards

People became more self-reliant and desired to live on farms or work in factories- especially the women

Dime novels

"America fever" caught on in Europe as the United States was portrayed as a land of great opportunities. Many immigrants never intended to stay in America forever; a large number returned home with money. Those immigrants who stayed in the United States struggled to preserve their traditional culture.

In 1882, Congress barred the Chinese completely from immigrating to the United States.

Trolley, dumbbell tenements, garbage, sewer systems, Brooklyn Bridge

Liquor consumption increased in the Civil War and continued. National Prohibition Party (1869). Woman's Christian Temperance Union was formed in 1874 by militant women. The Anti-Saloon League was sweeping new states into prohibiting alcohol, and in 1919, the national prohibition amendment (18th) was passed.

public education and the idea of tax-supported elementary schools and high schools were gathering strength. Teacher-training schools, called "normal schools", expanded after the Civil War. The New Immigration in the 1880s and 1890s brought new strength to the private Catholic parochial schools, which were fast becoming a major part of the nation's educational structure. Public schools excluded millions of adults. Crowded cities generally provided better educational facilities than the old one-room rural schoolhouses.

Black leaders, including Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois, attacked Booker T. Washington because Washington condemned the black race to manual labor and perpetual inferiority. Du Bois helped to form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1910.The South lagged far behind other regions in public education, and African-Americans suffered the most.The leading champion of black education was ex-slave Booker T. Washington. He taught in 1881 at the black normal and industrial school at Tuskegee, Alabama. His self-help approach to solving the nation's racial problems was labeled "accommodationist" because it stopped short of directly challenging white supremacy. Washington avoided the issue of social equality.

On the Origin of the Species stated that humans had slowly evolved from lower forms of life.The theory of evolution cast doubt on religion. Conservatives stood firmly in their beliefs of God and religion, while Modernists flatly refused to accept the Bible in its entirety.

Jack London was a famous nature writer who turned to depicting a possible fascistic revolution in The Iron Heel.

General Lewis Wallace wrote the novel, Ben Hur: A Tale of the Christ, to combat Darwinism.

Antiforeignism, or nativism, arose in the 1880s with intensity. Nativists worried that the original Anglo-Saxon population would soon be outnumbered and outvoted. Nativists considered eastern and southern European immigrants inferior to themselves. They blamed the immigrants for the dreadful conditions of urban government, and unionists attacked the immigrants for their willingness to work for small wages.

Published in 1859 by Charles Darwin, On the Origin of the Species stated that humans had slowly evolved from lower forms of life.The theory of evolution cast serious doubt on the idea of religion.

Protestant churches suffered significantly from the population move to the cities. Dwight Lyman Moody, a Protestant evangelist, proclaimed a gospel of kindness and forgiveness. Roman Catholic and Jewish faiths were gaining enormous strength from the New Immigration.By 1890, there were over 150 religious denominations in the United States.

The circus, arising to American demand for fun, emerged in the 1880s. Baseball was also emerging as the national pastime, and in the 1870s a professional league was formed. The move to spectator sports was exemplified by football. Basketball was invented in 1891 by James Naismith.

Music and portrait painting was gaining popularity. The phonograph, invented by Thomas Edison, enabled the reproduction of music by mechanical means.

In 1890, the National American Woman Suffrage Association was founded. The women's suffrage movement excluded black women.Ida B. Wells helped to launch the black women's club movement, which led to the establishment of the National Association of Colored Women in 1896.

Magazines partially satisfied the public appetite for good reading. Henry George was a journalist supporting single tax. And Edwin Bellamy wrote a socialistic novel.

Authors who specialize in exposing corruption in business, government, and elsewhere, especially those who were active at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. Some famous muckrakers were Ida M. Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, and Upton Sinclair. President Theodore Roosevelt is credited with giving them their name.

biased opinion masquerading as objective fact. Hearst and Pulitzer

A war novel written by Stephan Crane. Known for it's realism.

Novel by Frank Norris that describes the wheat industry.

An American poet

How life changed for women. Theodore Dreiser wrote with disregard for prevailing moral standards.

Mark Twain was a journalist, humorist, satirist, and opponent of social injustice. He recaptured the limits of realism and humor in the authentic American dialect.

Bret Harte was also an author of the West, writing in California of gold-rush stories.