APUSH 17-20 – Flashcards
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Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE? A. It included the nation's largest businesses. B. It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations. C. It relied partially on government subsidies for its growth. D. It was among the first to adopt new corporate form of organization. E. It became a national symbol of concentrated economic power.
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B. It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations.
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The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of A. vertical integration. B. horizontal integration. C. diagonal integration. D. central integration. E. vertical and horizontal integration.
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E. vertical and horizontal integration.
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The social theory of Social Darwinism A. argued the new industrial economy was limiting the potential for individual wealth. B. contended that ruthless corruption may be necessary in the attainment of wealth. C. was created by Charles Darwin to explain industrial economies. D. promoted the idea that capitalism offered all people a chance for great wealth. E. argued that it behooved industrial titans to spread their wealth to the lower classes.
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D. promoted the idea that capitalism offered all people a chance for great wealth.
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In his books, Horatio Alger A. offered true accounts of poor Americans who had become wealthy. B. took critical issue with the ideas of Social Darwinism. C. emphasized the value of personal character in business. D. criticized child labor in American industry. E. argued that wealth and privilege were ultimately hollow achievements.
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C. emphasized the value of personal character in business.
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In the late nineteenth century, Daniel De Leon A. created the ideas of laissez-faire. B. founded the Socialist Labor Party in the United States. C. argued that large corporations were ultimately of benefit to American workers. D. led the American Federation of Labor. E. became a strong advocate of Taylorism.
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B. founded the Socialist Labor Party in the United States.
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During the 1870s and 1880s, most of the immigrants to the United States came from A. Italy and the Slavic countries. B. Great Britain and northern Europe. C. Poland, Hungary and Russia. D. Japan and China. E. Mexico.
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B. Great Britain and northern Europe.
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During the late nineteenth century, child labor in the United States A. increased significantly. B. was unregulated by laws in most states. C. saw more children working in factories than in agriculture. D. both increased significantly and saw more children working in factories than in agriculture. E. None of these answers is correct.
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A. increased significantly.
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The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of
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vertical integration.
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To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late nineteenth century was
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cutthroat competition.
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The Molly Maguires were a militant
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E. labor union in the coal industry.
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Samuel Gompers was the leader of the
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American Federation of Labor
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The Haymarket Square Riot of 1886
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resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists.
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Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892? A. Henry Frick shut down the plant in an attempt to destroy the Amalgamated union. B. The entire Pennsylvania National Guard was ordered to protect strikebreakers. C. Hundred of guards hired by Homestead were defeated in a deadly battle with strikers. D. One radical made a failed attempt to assassinate Henry Clay Frick. E. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike. (Pg. 492)
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E. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike. (Pg. 492)
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In the late nineteenth century, organized labor failed to make great gains for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
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state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers did not exist
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The 1920 census of the United States revealed that
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a majority of Americans lived in "urban" areas
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The largest number of immigrants to the United States in the late nineteenth century came from
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southern and eastern Europe
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By 1890, the percentage of the populations of Chicago, New York, and Detroit that were made up of immigrants was approximately
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80 Percent
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In 1882, the first group of immigrants to be excluded from the United States on the basis of their nationality were
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Chinese
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In the late 19th century, the assimilation of immigrants was encouraged by A. the sale of American products B. public education C. church leaders D. religious reform E. All of the above
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E. All of the above
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The "city beautiful" movement in the U.S. was inspired in part by A. the economic depression of 1893 B. the 1893 Colombian Exposition in Chicago C. the new technology of skyscrapers D. reported on the living conditions of the urban poor to encourage improvements E. pushed for the creation of mass transit systems and outlying suburbs in America's cities
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D. reported on the living conditions of the urban poor to encourage improvements
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In 1884, the first "modern" skyscraper built in the U.S. A. had no elevators B. was located in Boston C. was constructed with steel girders D. was entirely built of brick E. was located in New York City
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C. was constructed with steel girders
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Theodore Dreiser's 1900 novel, Sister Carrie, dealt with A. his belief that religious organizations were perverting society B. the qualities of the upper class C. the need to return to a more rural and natural life D. the dehumanization of mass communication E. social dislocations and injustices of the present
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E. social dislocations and injustices of the present
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In the late 19th century, urban political bosses did all of the following EXCEPT A. give out patronage B. win votes for their political organization C. provide material assistance to the poor D. enrich themselves through graft and corruption E. reduce the costs of city services
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C. provide material assistance to the poor
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The 19th century game of "rounders" became the modern sport of A. basketball B. baseball C. golf D. football E. soccer
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B. Baseball
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In the 19th century, vaudeville theater A. consisted of a variety of stage acts B. only employed white performers C. had been created in the U.S. D. both consisted of a variety of stage acts, and only employed white performers E. None of the above
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A. consisted of a variety of stage acts
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Which American writer would be LEAST associated with the trend toward social realism in the literature in the late 19th century? A. Mark Twain B. Upton Sinclair C. Frank Norris D. Stephen Crane E. Theodore Dreiser
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A. Mark Twain
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In the late 19th century, American universities A. significantly grew in number due to the Morrill Land Grant B. had a strong commitment to practical knowledge C. began to form relationships with the private sector and the government D. both had a strong commitment to practical knowledge, and began to form relationships with the private sector and the government E. All of the above
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E. All of the above
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In the late nineteenth century, democrats tended to attracr the greater numbers of
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Catholics
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the political battles between Stalwarts and Half-breeds constituted a fight
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between traditionalists and reformers
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Chester A. Arthur
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Supported the Penleton Act as part of civil service reform
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In the late nineteenth century, as veterans of the Civil War retired,
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a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions.
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The sherman antitrust act of 1890
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was used by the federal government aganist labor unions
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the interstate commerce Act of 1887
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put in place a series of regulations for railroad companies had little practical effect for decades created a five-person commission to oversee the act (all the above)
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Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railroad Company v. Illinois
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1886 - Stated that individual states could control trade in their states, but could not regulate railroads coming through them. Congress had exclusive jurisdiction over interstate commerce.
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The economic decline that followed the Panic of 1893 demonstrated
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the degree to which the American economy had become interconnected.
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To many middle-class Americans, the major labor upheavals of the late nineteenth century
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were dangerous signs of social instability
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In the 1890s, farmers favored the federal government's coinage of silver because
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it would result in an inflation of currency
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The "Cross of Gold" speech was given in 1896 by
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D. William Jennings Bryan.
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american agriculture at the turn of the century benefited form
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foreign crop failures
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the author of "th influences of sea power upon history" believed the united states
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should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands
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The Spanish-American War began primarily because of events in
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cuba
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In the late nineteenth century, the term "yellow press" referred t
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All these answers are correct.
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according to the terms of the 1901 Platt Amendment,
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the united states had the right to intervene in cuba to protect life and property
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the "open door notes"
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were directed to imperial powers in europe and asia
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in 1900, the chinese boxer rebellion was directed at
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all foreigners in china
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while progressivism has many meanings it tended to be based in the central assumption
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that american society was capable of improvement
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during the progressive era, the "new woman" was a product of
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a lower birth rate, the movement towork outside the home, increased schooling for children, higher levels of education (all of the above)
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in regards to divorse in the united states during the progressive era, by 1916
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more than then percent of all marriages ended in divorce
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during the progressive era, clubs for african-american women
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lobbied for congressional anti-lynching legislation
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prior to the adoption of the secret ballot, voter ballots were printed and distributed by
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the political parties
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the temperance crusade
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was supported by most business employers
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between 1914 and 1919, the temperance movement
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gained momentum as a result of world war one
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in the early 20th century, the theories of eugenics
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supported the restriction of immigration by nationality
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during thedore roosevelt's first three years as president,
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he desired to win for government power to investigate corporate activities
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the payne-aldrich tariff of 1909
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resulted in president william h. taft losing favor with progressives
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During the progressive era, significant voting rights for women were first won in
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Far West
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During the progressive era, reformers of city government frequently tried to
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create city-managers
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During the progressive era, political "interest groups"
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were a product of the progressive era
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A major reason progressive political reforms, such as the direct primary, were quickly embraced in the western states was
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political parties were weak in this region
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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was
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neither A nor B
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In the 1912 presidential election, the Socialist Party candidate
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both A and B
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The 1912 presidential election was an ideological contest between,
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both A and B.
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who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio?
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J.D. Rockafeller
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The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer included blowing air through molten iron. involved adding ingredients to molten iron. both A and B neither A nor B
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both A and B
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in the late nineteenth century the needs of the american steel industry directly contributed to the further development of
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different kinds of fuel, anthracite (coal) and oil
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12: Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903 took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. used an internal combustion engine crashed while attempting to land A and B
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A and B
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During the late nineteenth century, the growth of large corporations was helped by sales of company stock to the public. "limited liability" laws. both A and B neither A nor B
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both A and B
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In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists argued that people who failed economically in the United States did so because A. they had not received a college education. B. racism and other prejudices held them back. C. they had poor individual character. D. business wealth was concentrated into the hands of a few.
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C. they had poor individual character.
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According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his Gospel of Wealth, successful businessmen had every right to live as they pleased. only pious Americans would prosper. it was the "Christian duty" of every American become wealthy. the rich had great responsibilities to society.
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the rich had great responsibilities to society.
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During the late nineteenth century, all of the following innovations occurred in consumer goods EXCEPT A. the emergence of ready-made clothing. B. the creation of credit card companies. C. the ability to artificially refrigerate foods. D. the opening of large department stores.
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B. the creation of credit card companies.
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46. According to the philosophy of pragmatism, society should be guided by A. scientific inquiry. B. inherited ideals. C. democratic tradition. D. moral principles.
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A. scientific inquiry.
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Which statement about education in the late nineteenth century is FALSE? A. It was a period of rapid expansion for public schools. B. By 1900, most states required compulsory school attendance. C. Funding for public education was highest in rural areas. D. Southern blacks had far less access to education than southern whites.
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C. Funding for public education was highest in rural areas.
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In American politics during the late nineteenth century A. Democrats most often won presidency. B. Republicans usually held a majority in the Senate. C. Republicans usually held a majority in the House. D. most southern states voted Republican.
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B. Republicans usually held a majority in the Senate.
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20. In the late nineteenth century, the Granger Laws supported the interests of A. industrial labor. B. farmers. C. capitalists. D. southerners.
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B. farmers.
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24. In the 1890s, Populism appealed to A. the unemployed urban poor. B. unskilled industrial workers. C. small-scale farmers. D. all of the above
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C. small-scale farmers.
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26. In the late nineteenth century, American Populism A. embraced the widely held laissez-faire attitudes of the time. B. called for a return to a preindustrial American society. C. favored the direct election of United States senators. D. called for the abolishment of all banks.
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C. favored the direct election of United States senators. D. called for the abolishment of all banks.
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In 1896, the Democratic political platform A. adopted several, but not all, major Populist issues. B. refused to accept any major Populist demands. C. was thoroughly conservative and anti-Populist. D. brought unity among the party delegates.
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A. adopted several, but not all, major Populist issues. ??????????????? D. brought unity among the party delegates.
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. In 1900, the emergence of research laboratories in American corporations A. occurred as federal funding for research greatly expanded. B. led to a diversification of research interests. C. developed similar research goals as in Europe. D. was deemed necessary as few American university laboratories existed.
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B. led to a diversification of research interests.
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At the turn of the twentieth century, progressive activists believed in limited government intervention in the lives of Americans asserted that it was the right of individuals to act as they chose. held a strong commitment to improved racial justice.
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held a strong commitment to improved racial justice.
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In 1901, one of the first professions to organize on a national level was in the field of medicine. business. education. agriculture.
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agriculture??
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When it came to environmental issues, Theodore Roosevelt helped establish the federal government's role in managing the nation's wilderness. was the first American president to take an active interest in environmental conservation both A and B neither A nor B
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both A and B
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Which statement regarding the controversy over Hetch Hetchy Valley is FALSE? Hetch Hetchy was a spectacular high-walled valley within Yosemite National Park. Theodore Roosevelt led the fight in favor of building a dam at Hetch Hetchy. In 1908, by a wide margin, San Francisco voters approved building a dam at Hetch Hetchy. John Muir devoted the last years of his life to opposing a dam at Hetch Hetchy.`
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Theodore Roosevelt led the fight in favor of building a dam at Hetch Hetchy.
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In his political program known as "New Freedom," Woodrow Wilson believed trusts needed to be tightly regulated by the federal government. should be ended altogether. should exist only if they benefited the middle-class. had the right to be expanded.
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should be ended altogether.
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