question

researchers sometimes study the brain function by producing ______ or by selectively destroying brain cells. the oldest technique for studying the brain involves ______ ______ of patients with brain injuries or disease

answer

lesions, clinical observation

question

the ______ is a recording of the electrical activity of the whole brain

answer

electroencephalogram (EEG)

question

a computer-generated image of a slice of the brain based on a series of x-ray photos taken from different angles is called a ______ ______

answer

PET scan

question

the technique depicting the level of activity of brain areas by measuring the brain's consumption of glucose is called the ______ ______

answer

MRI

question

a technique that produces clearer images of the brain by using magnetic fields and radio waves is known as ______. by taking pictures less than a second apart, the ______ ______ detects blood rushing to the part of the cortex thought to conrtol the bodily activity being studied

answer

functional MRI, anterior cingulate cortex

question

the oldest and innermost region of the brain is the _______

answer

brainstem

question

at the base of the brainstem, where the spinal cord enters the skull, lies the ______, which controls ______ and ______

answer

medulla, breathing, heartbeat

question

nerves from each side of the brain cross over to connect with the body's opposite side in the ______

answer

brainstem

question

the ______ ______ is contained inside the brainstem and helps control ______. electrically stimulating this area will produce an ______ animal. lesioning this area will cause and animal to lapse into a ______

answer

reticular formation, arousal, alert, coma

question

at the top of the brainstem sits the ______, which serves as the brain's sensory switchboard and coordinates the brain's _____ ______ , which slow during ______ and speed up to produce waking consciousness

answer

thalamus, electrical oscillations, sleep

question

at the rear of the brainstem lies the ______. it influences one type of ______ ______ and memory, but its major function is coordination of voluntary movement and ______ control

answer

cerebellum, nonverble learning, balance

question

the lower brain functions occur without ______ effort, indicating that our brains process most info INSIDE/OUTSIDE of our awareness

answer

conscious, outside

question

between the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres is the ______ system. one component of this systme tht peeocesses memory is the ______

answer

limbic, hippocampus

question

rage or fear will result from stimulation of different regions of the ______

answer

amygalda

question

amygdala lesions, produced by ______ techniques, have been used to treat violent humans. this treatment is controversial and WIDELY/SELDOM used today

answer

psychosurgery, seldom

question

below the thalamus is the ______ which regulates bodily maintenance behaviors such as ______, ______, and ______ ______. the hypothalamus also regulates behavior chemically through its influence on the ______ glands. olds and milner discovered that this region also contains ______ centers, which animals will work hard to have stimulated

answer

hypothalamus, hunger, thirst, body temperature, pituary, reward

question

some researchers believe that alcoholism, drug abuse, binge eating, and other ______ disorders maye stem from genetic ______ ______ ______ in the natural brain systems for pleasure

answer

addicitve, reward deficiency syndrome

question

the most complex functions of human behavior are linked to the most developed part of the brain, the ______ ______

answer

cerebral cortex

question

the non-neural cells that support, protect, and nourish cortical neurons are called ______ ______

answer

glial cells

question

compared to the cortexes of lower mammals, the human cortex has a SMOOTHER/MORE WRINKLED surface. this INCREASES/DECREASES the overall surface area of our brains

answer

more wrinklede, increase

question

list all four lobes of the brain

answer

frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe

question

electrical stimulation of one side of the ______ cortex, and arch-shaped region at the back of the ______ lobe will produce movement on the opposite side of the body. research findings from studies in which recording electrodes are implanted in this area of animals' brains raise hopes that people who are ______ may one day be able cotrol machines directly with their ______

answer

motor, frontal, paralyzed, thoughts

question

at the fronm of the parietal loves lies the ______ cortex, when stimulated, elicits a sensation of ______

answer

sensory, touch

question

the more sensivite a body region, the greater the are of _______ _______ devoted to it

answer

sensory cortex

question

visual info is received in the ______ lobes, whereas auditory info is recieved in the ______ lobes

answer

occipital, temporal

question

areas of the brani that dont receive sensory info or direct movement but, rather, integrate and interpret info received by other regions are known as ______ _______. approximately ______ of the human ortex is of this type. such areas in the _______ lobe are involved in recognizing faces, making judgments and carryingout plans, and in some aspects of personality

answer

association areas, three-fourths, frontal

question

brain injuries may produce an impairment in language use called ______. studies of people with such impairments have shown that _______ _______ is involved in producing speech, _______ _______ is involved in understanding speech, and the ______ os involved in recoding printed words into auditory form

answer

aphasia, broca's area, wernicke's area, angular gyrus

question

although the mind's subsystems are localized in particular brain regions, the brain acts as a ______ ______

answer

unified whole

question

the quaity of thebrain that makes it possible for undamaged brain areas to take over the functions of damaged regions is known as ______

answer

plasticity

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