question

1) The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of a group of people is a

answer

A) custom. B) popular culture. C) habit. D) taboo.

question

2) A repetitive act performed by an individual is a A) custom. B) popular culture.

answer

C) habit. D) taboo.

question

3) In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of A) small homogeneous groups.

answer

B) large heterogeneous groups. C) groups living in isolated rural areas. D) groups that have little interaction with other groups.

question

4) Which of the following characteristics is more typical of a popular culture than a folk culture? A) It has an anonymous origin. B) It diffuses slowly from its point of origin.

answer

C) It results in a more uniform landscape. D) It is likely to be derived from physical conditions.

question

5) Folk cultures are spread primarily by A) contagious diffusion. B) hierarchical diffusion.

answer

C) relocation diffusion. D) stimulus diffusion.

question

6) The use of a horse and buggy by the Amish in the United States is an example of a

answer

A) folk culture. B) habit. C) popular culture. D) taboo.

question

7) Popular customs are more likely than folk customs to A) evolve from the isolation of different groups.

answer

B) rapidly diffuse through modern communication systems. C) reflect the unique characteristics of the landscape. D) have an unknown source of origin.

question

8) Rapid diffusion of popular culture A) encourages people in different places to adopt different customs.

answer

B) depends on modern communication systems. C) is an example of relocation diffusion. D) conserves resources.

question

9) Typically, popular culture A) originates in a number of locations at the same time. B) reflects the characteristics of a distinctive physical environment.

answer

C) experiences frequent changes. D) is practiced by small homogeneous groups.

question

10) In contrast to popular culture, folk cultures are more likely to vary

answer

A) from place to place at a given time. B) from time to time at a given place. C) both from place to place and from time to time. D) neither from place to place nor from time to time.

question

11) The main effect of modern communications on social customs has been to A) preserve folk cultures, by increasing awareness of their uniqueness. B) stimulate the diffusion of folk cultures around the world.

answer

C) increase the similarity of social customs in different locations. D) have little effect on the diffusion of social customs.

question

12) Folk customs usually originate from A) the availability of more leisure time. B) the application of industrial technology.

answer

C) familiar events in daily life. D) a famous historical event.

question

13) Hip Hop music originated in New York the late 1970s in A) Queens. B) Harlem. C) Brooklyn.

answer

D) the South Bronx.

question

14) Folk songs are distinguished from popular songs because they

answer

A) tell a story about daily activities. B) can be understood only by one group. C) are never changed from one generation to the next. D) are only transmitted orally.

question

15) An example of a folk custom used to diffuse information about agriculture is A) Armed Forces Radio. B) Association Football. C) Himalayan art.

answer

D) Vietnamese songs.

question

16) Popular customs most frequently originate in

answer

A) more developed countries. B) less developed countries. C) former communist countries. D) countries with large rural populations.

question

17) The spatial distribution of soccer during the twentieth century is an example of A) folk culture. B) habit.

answer

C) popular culture. D) taboo.

question

18) The current distribution of soccer demonstrates that

answer

A) a folk custom can become part of a popular culture. B) all sports are examples of folk culture. C) television has infused all sports into popular culture. D) American football is also an example of a folk culture.

question

19) The distribution of the subjects of art in the Himalayas shows how folk cultures A) always paint religious subjects.

answer

B) are influenced by distinctive vegetation, climate, and religion. C) avoid painting animate objects. D) typically paint scenes of nature but not people.

question

20) Which concept is the contemporary geographer likely to reject? A) The physical environment causes people to adopt social customs. B) People in similar environments adopt different social customs. C) People ignore their physical environment.

answer

D) A and C

question

21) The geographer Vidal de la Blache regarded food supply as A) the best available example of a folk custom. B) the folk custom most closely tied to a particular climate. C) less subject to modification than the clothing and weapons.

answer

D) all of the above

question

22) A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom is a A) folk culture. B) habit. C) popular culture.

answer

D) taboo.

question

23) A taboo against pork is a characteristic of

answer

A) Judaism and Islam. B) Judaism and Buddhism. C) Christianity and Buddhism. D) Christianity and Hinduism.

question

24) China produces a relatively large amount of pork compared to the countries of Southwestern Asia primarily because

answer

A) Moslems have a taboo against pork consumption. B) China's physical environment is less suitable to raising pigs. C) China has more people than the countries of Southwest Asia. D) Rice is the main cereal grain grown in China.

question

25) The Yuan and Shan peoples in northern Thailand sleep with their heads toward the east A) as a sign of obeying a customary hierarchy. B) so that the head is opposite the neighbors' heads. C) because the head is considered high and noble.

answer

D) to avoid the direction of death and evil spirits.

question

26) Which of the following is not an important factor in distinguishing different folk housing types in the United States? A) choice of building materials

answer

B) size of the building C) form in which the structure is arranged D) climate in which the structure is built

question

27) Pioneer farmers settling the grasslands of the American West often built houses of sod, while early settlers of the eastern forest built wooden structures like log cabins. This suggests that building materials

answer

A) are strongly influenced by local resources. B) are commonly imported long distance because of local folk culture. C) are chosen because of the diffusion of popular culture. D) are a uniform feature of folk culture.

question

28) Which of the following is an important source area for U.S. folk house types?

answer

A) Lower Chesapeake B) Southern Atlantic C) Northeast D) Upper New York

question

29) Today, house types in the United States are distinguished by all but which of the following?

answer

) They can still be divided into three distinct regions. B) They display few regional distinctions. C) They are usually mass-produced. D) Alternative styles have diffused throughout the country.

question

30) The most important house style in the United States since the 1960s is known as A) minimal traditional. B) contemporary. C) split-level.

answer

D) neo-eclectic.

question

31) The diffusion of jeans is a good example primarily of the

answer

A) diffusion of popular culture. B) adoption of unique folk culture. C) impact of high income on clothing habits. D) opposition to globalization.

question

32) Americans' preferences for beverages and snacks

answer

A) vary according to what is produced locally. B) vary from one region of the country to another. C) vary according to religious differences. D) are primarily dependent on high income and national advertising.

question

33) In which state would alcohol consumption be relatively low? A) Kentucky B) Nevada C) New York

answer

D) Utah

question

34) The distribution of alcohol consumption in the United States displays which of these typical characteristics of popular culture? A) rapid diffusion B) close relationship to level of income C) little regard for features of the physical environment

answer

D) all of the above

question

35) Which element of the local physical environment is important for wine production? A) climate B) soil C) topography

answer

D) all of the above

question

36) Which of the following is not a distinctive characteristic of the physical environment related to wine? A) The quality of the wine depends on the weather in a particular year. B) Each type of wine reflects the presence of distinctive trace elements in the soil.

answer

C) Vineyards must be planted on flat land. D) The need for moderate, wet winters and long, hot summers.

question

37) Little wine is produced in Asia primarily because A) grapes do not grow in these regions. B) wines can be imported more cheaply. C) religious taboos discourage consumption.

answer

D) the people do not have a tradition of wine making.

question

38) One significant impact of popular culture is to A) create a more varied and less uniform landscape. B) promote the diffusion of folk culture.

answer

C) modify the physical environment. D) spread through relocation diffusion.

question

39) Diffusion of Internet service is following the earlier pattern of television, except A) the United States share of world use is expanding.

answer

B) diffusion is much faster. C) diffusion is much slower. D) expansion of service is faster in Africa than Asia.

question

40) The number of television sets per person is greatest in A) Africa. B) Asia.

answer

C) Europe. D) Latin America.

question

41) The choice of clothing in Western countries is strongly influenced by A) occupation. B) level of income. C) knowledge of fashion elsewhere.

answer

D) all of the above

question

42) Features of the U.S. landscape, such as gas stations, supermarkets, and motels,

answer

A) promote a uniform landscape. B) reflect the preservation of folk culture. C) provide diversity on the U.S. landscape. D) promote diffusion of folk culture.

question

43) Many less developed countries fear the loss of folk culture because A) they do not want to preserve traditional values.

answer

B) Western perspectives may become more dominant. C) popular culture devalues women. D) they want to avoid political disputes.

question

44) Diffusion of popular customs can adversely impact environmental quality in two ways: A) reducing demand for foreign products and promoting local crafts. B) increased diversity and decreased demand.

answer

C depletion of scarce resources and pollution. D) diversity of products and slow change.

question

45) Western dominance of the news media is feared in less developed countries for all but which of these reasons? A) Western countries supply a large percentage of the television news video.

answer

B) Western countries control most of the newspapers in less developed countries. C) Western radio newscasts can be heard in most countries. D) Western values permeate the media.

question

46) People maintain their folk culture despite familiarity with popular culture primarily because of A) the high cost of popular customs. B) concern for the physical environment.

answer

C) strong desire to preserve unique customs. D) lack of exposure to the media.

question

47) Popular culture and folk culture can both result in a higher level of A) extinction of animal species. B) demand for raw materials. C) consumption of animal products.

answer

D) all of the above

question

48) As they have more contact with popular culture, women in less developed countries are more likely to A) bear more children. B) obtain food for the family.

answer

C) gain more opportunities outside the home. D) reduce the practice of prostitution.

question

49) In the United States, the number of golf courses per person is highest in A) the south, where the climate is favorable. B) the northeast, where golf originated.

answer

C) the north central states, where there is a long tradition of playing golf. D) the west, where golfers are clustered.

question

50) One impact of large-scale consumption of chicken in more developed countries is to A) cause chickens to become an endangered species.

answer

B) make inefficient use of the world's grain supplies. C) diffuse agricultural products into the physical environment. D) encourage the development of a new food taboo.

question

51) Modern communications methods have _________ of social customs. A) slowed the dissemination B) had little effect on the spread

answer

C) increased the global uniformity D) led to the fragmentation

question

52) Folk songs

answer

A) focus on daily activities. B) Cannot become part of popular culture. C) are inseparable from the acoustic guitar. D) have so far been of little cultural significance in the United States.

question

53) Hog production is lowest in

answer

A) North Africa B) Europe C) South America D) East Asia

question

54) Wine production typically requires all of the following, except A) Well-drained soils B) Supportive customs C) Proximity to water

answer

D) Cool summers

question

55) In America, tequila is consumed primarily in the A) Northwest B) Midwest

answer

C) Southwest D) Southeast

question

56) Internet use is least prevalent in A) North America B) Europe C) Japan

answer

D) Central Africa

question

57) Similar restaurants, gas stations, and stores throughout the United States

answer

A) illustrate how popular culture can create a uniform landscape. B) show how folk culture can diffuse. C) are a prime example of globalization. D) increase cultural awareness.

question

58) Major hearths of U.S. country music include all but which of the following? A) southern Appalachia B) central Tennessee and Kentucky C) the Ozark and Ouachita Mts.

answer

D) southwestern Texas

question

59) Geographers are concerned with the distribution of which of the following aspects of television service? A) number of receivers per capita B) method of government control C) year service was adopted

answer

D) none of the above

question

60) Clothing became a powerful symbol in Iran, in part because A) Islamic fundamentalists rejected the traditional uncut robes. B) women were strongly urged to wear different types of skirts and blouses.

answer

C) moderate leaders wore Western-style business suits. D) all of the above

question

61) Folk culture is an example of what? A) cultural diffusion

answer

B) relocation diffusion C) innovation diffusion D) hierarchical diffusion

question

62) One of the strongest connections that tie people to a certain environment is what? A) clothing B) weapons

answer

] C) food supply D) building materials

question

63) Muslims embrace the taboo against pork because A) pigs would compete with humans for food and water without compensating benefits as a beast of burden B) pigs do not provide milk or wool C) raising pigs would be an ecological disaster in regions where Muslims live

answer

D) all of the above are true

question

64) Which three places are major hearths (or nodes) of folk house forms in the United States? A) Pennsylvania, Maine, and South Carolina B) New York, Massachusetts, and Georgia

answer

C) New England, Middle Atlantic, and Lower Chesapeake D) Southwestern region, Midwest, and New England

question

65) Neo-eclectic houses are called what A) Mansard B) Neo-Tudor C) Neo-French

answer

D) all of the above

question

66) Small satellite dishes have made television a force for political change because A) rebel groups can secretly broadcast political messages to the people B) the small satellite dishes are so cheap anyone can afford them C) totalitarian leaders can no longer lie to their people because of the ubiquitous television set

answer

D) these small recievers enable people to choose from a wide variety of programs produced in other countries, not just the local government- controlled station

question

67) Government censorship is much more difficult to enforce in countries without freedom of speech because of A) FAX machines. B) the Internet. C) cellular phones.

answer

D) all of the above

question

68) Viewing the house types in four communities of western China, what is the one unifying characteristic of all four house types? A) It has to do with protection against mauraders B) Some regions of China are wealthier than others, allowing for more elaborate architecture C) Each house type provides unique physiographic benefits

answer

D) all of the above are true

question

69) Using regional differences in house types, select a reason why you believe styles changed from north to south. A) Double Pile provided better protection against harsh winters. B) Ranch homes provided easy access for older people locating in the south C) Ranch homes reflected a more casual living style for the south

answer

D) all of the above are true

question

70) The physical environment commonly plays an important role in the development of unique folk customs.

answer

Answer: True

question

71) The origin of popular music is a good example of how folk culture originates.

answer

Answer: False

question

72) A major factor in the diffusion of British football was the presence of British citizens in other countries.

answer

Answer: True

question

73) In general, folk culture is more likely to cause greater uniformity on the landscape than popular culture.

answer

Answer: False

question

74) Two social groups living in close proximity will retain unique social customs if there is limited interaction between them.

answer

Answer: True

question

75) Food taboos usually derive from unique elements of the physical environment.

answer

Answer: False

question

76) The highest concentration of golf courses within the United States is in the Sunbelt.

answer

Answer: False

question

77) Leaders of many developing countries fear that the spread of American popular culture will destroy traditional social behavior.

answer

Answer: True

question

78) Although folk cultures have the same process of origin as popular culture, they have a more limited process of diffusion.

answer

Answer: False

question

79) Adoption of Western popular culture seldom results in the elimination of traditional folk culture.

answer

Answer: False

question

80) More precise geographic information is given on the label of a good bottle of wine than on a poor bottle.

answer

Answer: True

question

81) The adoption of a popular custom depends primarily on the amount of disposable income.

answer

Answer: True

question

82) Hotels, fast-food restaurants, and other franchises encourage a uniform appearance on the landscape to promote customer recognition.

answer

Answer: True

question

83) House types in the eastern United States can be traced to three source areas: Michigan, Chesapeake Bay, and Ohio.

answer

Answer: False

question

84) Different house types in relatively developed countries make different arrangements for sacred space.

answer

Answer: False

question

85) There are two dominant categories of material culture: folk and custom.

answer

Answer: False

question

86) Primarily small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas traditionally practice folk culture.

answer

Answer: True

question

87) Popular culture is found in large, heterogeneous societies that share certain habits.

answer

Answer: True

question

88) The two aspects geographers focus on in terms of where folk and popular cultures are located are spatial distribution for each activity, and the link between material culture and the physical environment.

answer

Answer: True

question

89) Groups living in proximity may generate a variety of folk customs in a limited geographic area because of limited communication.

answer

Answer: True

question

90) Landscapes dominated by a collection of folk customs can change significantly over time.

answer

Answer: False

question

91) Electronic communication facilitates frequent changes in popular customs

answer

Answer: True

question

92) Popular customs often have anonymous hearths.

answer

Answer: False

question

93) The percentage of leisure time has increased as a result of swings in the labor force from predominantly agricultural work to predominantly service and manufacturing work.

answer

Answer: True

question

94) The Armed Forces Radio Network during WWII was a responsible for the beginning of the planet-wide diffusion of American popular music.

answer

Answer: True

question

95) The environment is the only control over social customs.

answer

Answer: False

question

96) Folk societies are particularly responsive to the environment because of their low level of technology and the prevailing agricultural economy.

answer

Answer: true

question

97) One of the surest way to identify a family's ethnic origins is to look in its kitchen.

answer

Answer: True

question

98) Sod homes built during the 18th and 19th centuries in the Great Plains region were a response primarily to a lack of trees.

answer

Answer: True

question

99) Basements are more likely to be found in northeastern homes than in southeastern homes.

answer

Answer: True

question

100) Television is the most important mechanism by which knowledge of popular culture is rapidly diffused around the world.

answer

Answer: True

question

101) Television has played a major role in increasing the ability of a government to control people's daily lives.

answer

Answer: True

question

102) The concepts of legal equality and availability of economic and social opportunities outside the home have become widely accepted in more developed countries, even where women in reality continue to suffer from discriminatory practices.

answer

Answer: True

question

103) Most television programs shown throughout the world come from the United States, England, and Japan.

answer

Answer: True

question

104) The diffusion of some popular customs can deplete scarce natural resources and pollute the landscape.

answer

Answer: True

question

105) What is the difference between a custom and a habit?

answer

Answer: Custom is performed by group of people; habit by an individual.

question

106) Name three of the six countries in which television technology originally developed.

answer

Answer: United States; United Kingdom; France; Germany; Japan; Soviet Union (any three)

question

107) The house type in the eastern United States which diffused most widely into the interior of the country was ________.

answer

Answer: Middle Atlantic "I" house

question

108) Which country would have a higher per capita consumption of pork, India or China? Why?

answer

Answer: China; taboo against pork consumption by Hindus

question

109) Which of these countries would you expect to have the highest wine production per capita, France, Chile, or Brazil? Which of the three would have the lowest?

answer

Answer: France; Brazil

question

110) What is one of the major differences in the origin of a popular culture compared to a folk culture?

answer

Answer: popular customs are invented; folk customs have anonymous source, unknown date, unknown originator

question

111) What is one of the major differences in the process of diffusion of popular culture compared to a folk custom?

answer

Answer: Popular customs diffuse more rapidly, more extensively, and through modern communications. Folk customs diffuse more slowly, at a smaller scale, and through migration.

question

112) What television technology foils attempts by the governments to restrict television access?

answer

Answer: satellite dish antenna receivers

question

113) Why do promoters of popular customs, such as fast-food restaurants, seek to create a uniform landscape appearance?

answer

: Recognition generates higher consumption.

question

114) Why do leaders of some developing countries fear the loss of folk culture?

answer

Answer: loss of traditional values; fear of domination by Western countries

APHG4 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards