Ap world history vocab ch 13-16 – Flashcards
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balkan region
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peninsula that incl. Greece, Albania, Bosnia, Greece, Serbia/Croatia, controlled by Ottoman Empire (Austrian influence), Russia tries to expand in here
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Body of Civil Law
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Justinian's codification of Roman law; revised Roman law as coherent basis for political and economic life
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Byzantine Empire
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a continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395
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eastern orthodox church
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one of the three major branches of christianity, the eastern orthodox church, together with the roman catholic church, a second of the three major branches of christianity, arose out of the roman empire by empereor diocletian into four governemtal regions: two western regions centered in rome and two eastern regions centered in constantinople
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hagia sophia
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Most famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was built under Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in the world.
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justinian
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Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code
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justinians code
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An organized collection and explanation of roman laws for use by the byzantine empire
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kiev rus
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Kiev was the major trading hub between the Vikings in the north and the Byzantium in the south and later became a city. Kievan Rus was the old name for Russia.
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monasticism
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a way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith
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schism
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a formal split within a religious organization; any division or separation of a group or organization into hostile factions
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abbasid dynasty
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Muslim dynasty after Ummayd, a dynasty that lasted about two centuries that had about 150 years of Persia conquer and was created by Mohammad's youngest uncle's sons
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abu bakr
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Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death.
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bedouin peoples
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Nomadic pastoralists of the Arabian peninsula; culture based on camel and goat nomadism; early converts to Islam.
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berbers
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a member of a North African, primarily Muslim people living in settled or nomadic tribes from Morocco to Egypt
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caliph
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a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government
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caliphate
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the office of a caliph
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cordoba
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capital of Muslim Spain, an economic center, hundreds of workshops, culture and learning flourished there
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dar al islam
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an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule
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diasporic communities
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immigrants who have relocated from their ancestral homelands and retain their distinct cultural identities as ethnic minority groups in their new host countries
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dhimmis
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A person of a non-Muslim religion whose right to practice that religion is protected within an Islamic society
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hajj
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the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah
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jihad
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a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal
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ka'ba
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("cube") a pre-islamic cubed building in mecca believed by muslims to have been built by Abraham. It is the center of the Muslim Pilgrimage
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minaret
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the tower attached to a mosque from which the muezzin, or crier, calls the faithful to prayer five times a day
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ramadan
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(Islam) a fast (held from sunrise to sunset) that is carried out during the Islamic month of Ramadan
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sharia
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Islamic law
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shia
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the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad
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sultan
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the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)
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umma
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Muslim religious community
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equal field system
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This Chinese system allotted land to individuals and their families according to the land's fertility and the recipients' needs.
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foot binding
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practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household
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hangzhou
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Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million.
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nara japan
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Japanese period (710-794) centered around city of Nara, that was the highest point of Chinese influence.
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silla kingdom
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Independent Korean kingdom in the southeast part of the peninsulal defeated Koguryo with the help of their chinese Tang allies; sumbitted as a vassal of the Tang emperor and agreed to tribute payment; united Korea by 668.
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shinto
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the native religion and former ethnic cult of Japan
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uigher
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Turks from the Northwest.
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xuanzang
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A famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang period. He became famous for his 17 year trip to India and back.
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angkor wat
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a temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu.
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axum
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trading center, and powerful ancient kingdom in northern present-day Ethiopia
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calicut
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Great spice port of India where da Gama landed and traded
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chola kingdom
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Kingdom situated in the deep south. At its high point, Chola forces conquered Ceylon and parts of southeast Asia, funded by the profits of trade, dominated the sea, did not build a tightly centralized state.
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funan
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An early complex society in Southeast Asia between the first and sixth centuries C.E. It was centered in the rich rice-growing region of southern Vietnam, and it controlled the passage of trade across the Malaysian isthmus.
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jati
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sub castes; were groups of people within each caste that worked together for one economic function
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melaka
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The first major center of Islam in Southeast Asia, a port kingdom on the southwestern coast of the Malay Peninsula.
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shiva
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The Destroyer
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srivijava
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Kingdom from 670 - 1025 Based in Sumatra Powerful navy that controlled the commerce in SE Asia.
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sultanate of delhi
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Islamic state in northern India established by Mahmud's successors in 1206 C.E. that began to establish the presence of Islam on the Indian subcontinent.
