AP World History Unit 2 Vocab Terms (Part 1) – Flashcards
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Xiongnu
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Nomads who terrorized the border and were defeated by Wudi. Lived in the steppes or grasslands north of China. Were the biggest threat to security.
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Diplomacy
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Negotiation between nations.
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Conscription
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Compulsory military service.
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Monetary Economics
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Fine-tuning the economy through regulation of the money supply.
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Cosmopolitan
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Composed of people from or at home in many parts of the world
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Direct democracy
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A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives.
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Republic
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A form of government whose head of state is not a monarch.
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Patrician
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Belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy.
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Plebeian
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An ordinary citizen in the ancient Roman republic.
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Twelve Tables
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The earliest written collection of Roman laws, drawn up by patricians about 450 B.C., that became the foundation of Roman law.
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Mandate of Heaven
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In Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority.
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Germania
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The tribes who invaded the Empire from the North.
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Mahayan Buddhism
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Worshipped the Buddha and other enlightened ones as gods.
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Theravada Buddhism
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A sect of Buddhism focusing on strict spiritual discipline and original teachings of the Buddha.
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Greco-Persian Wars
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Two major Persian invasions of Greece, 490 and 480 B.C.E., in which the Persians were defeated on both land and sea each time.
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Silk Roads
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A system of ancient caravan routes across Central Asia, along which traders carried silk and other trade goods.
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Ethical Philosophy
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The systematic effort to understand moral concepts and justify moral principles and theories.
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Hellenism
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The principles and ideals associated with classical Greek civilization.
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Syncretism
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The union (or attempted fusion) of different systems of thought or belief (especially in religion or philosophy).
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Bhagavad gita
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The most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit.
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Brahman
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A single spiritual power that Hindus believe lives in everything.
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Atman
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The individual soul.
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Brahmin
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The highest of the four varnas: the priestly or sacerdotal category.
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Hinduism
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The predominant religion of India.
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Buddhism
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A religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha.
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Jainism
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Religion founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism.
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Bhakti Movement
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Cult of love and devotion that sought to erase the distinction between Hinduism and Islam.
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Upanishads
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A group of writings sacred in Hinduism concerning the relations of humans, God, and the universe.
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Tragedy Plays
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Stories that depicted human suffering and usually ended with disaster.
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Pax Romana
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The Roman peace.
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Confucianism
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The teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity.
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Filial Piety
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In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors.
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Daoism
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Philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events.
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Daodejing
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A collection of Daoist wisdom attributed to Laozi.
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Legalism
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Strict conformity to the letter of the law rather than its spirit.
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Moksha
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The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths.
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Nirvana
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Any place of complete bliss and delight and peace.
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Ancestor Worship
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Worship of ancestors.
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Christianity
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A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior.
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Epic Poems
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A long poem that tells the deeds of a great hero.
