AP World History Test #4: Nationalism – Flashcards
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Nationalism
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strong feeling of patriotism, or feeling superior to other ethnic groups
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Spanish Nationalism
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Birth of Nationalism against Napoleon's forces
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Francisco Goya
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Painted the "The Third of May, 1808" Showed Spanish struggle against French
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Congress of Vienna
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1815- Klaus von Metternich organized this to divide Europe up (back to pre-Napoleon era)
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Greece (unification)
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1821- revolts vs Ottomans start. 1822- Greeks declare independence from Ottomans but officially recognized in 1832 (treaty of Constantinople). UK, France and Russians helped the Greek.
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Ottoman Empire
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weakened during period 5
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Greek Orthodox Church
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Thought they were a different ethnic group so they created their own Church.
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George Gordon
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Title: Lord Byron. Went to Greece to fight against the Ottomans. English poet.
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Nationalist Revolutions
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Inspired by Greece and Spain.
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Socialist Revolution
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People wanted parliamentary government and political power.
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Louis-Phillippe
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Attemped reform. King who was chased off by French Revolutionaries in 1848.
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Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III)
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President of France after new government, 1848?
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Giuseppe Mazzini
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(1805-1872) Italian activist who formed the Young Italy Movement. inspired nationalism in Hungary and Ireland.
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Young Italy Movement
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Promoted Austrian/Spanish Independence and Italian Unification.
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Frankfurt Assembly
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German Liberals gathered at Frankfurt Assembly in May 1848. Kaiser Freidrich Wilhelm refused the crown in March 1849.
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Frederich Wilhelm II
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Denied German Crown. King of Prussia
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Prussian assembly
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King Wilhelm formed assembly to listen to people's demands
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Magyar Revolt
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Revolt led by Lajos Kussuth.
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Czechs
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They revolted against Austria in the name of a self-government.
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Ethnic minorities
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Small groups of different ethnicities in an area which is dominated by other ethnic majorities.
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Austrian Empire
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Lots of ethnic minorities in the empire.
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France (Nationalism)
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French Revolution of 1848: People are starving, food riots, strikes. Banquet Campaigns to raise money. wanted Suffrage.
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Germany (Nationalism)
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1848: People starving, food riots and people wanted unification. Demanded a pan-German Union Nation. Failed after Kaiser Freidrich Wilhelm II refused.
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Prussia
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Swift reform brought by Kaiser Wilhelm
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Italy (Nationalism) - 1848
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Wanted unification, independence from Austria. Mazzini led revolt against Pope in Feb 1849, (MISTAKE) France killed them.
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Revolutions of 1848
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turning point in modern history failed to bring change.
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Cultural Nationalism
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Unifying people with same culture. NOT Ethnicity.
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Volkgeist
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German Volk (people) who believed this to be the popular soul or spirit of their community.
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The Brothers Grimm
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Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. Played By Jason Bourne and The Joker. Collected popular poetry, songs and tales to express the German Volk.
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Norse Mythology
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Thor and Loki. Hemsworth and Hiddleston, and Odin the old guy.
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Wagner
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Some German composer
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"The Watch on the Rhine"
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Anthem by Max Schnekenburger. 1870 in Germany, purpose was to inspire German soldiers and people.
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Anti-Semitism
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Hatred against Jews. Basically being a Nazi.
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Zionism
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Response to Anti-Semitism, belief that Jews should have a seperate state.
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Alfred Dreyfus
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France trolled this French Jew in court for apparently spying for the Germans.
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Thomas Herzl
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Father of Zionism
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Camille Cavour
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Fat guy (in case he comes up in SBMC) Prime Minister of Piedmont and Sardinia. Expelled Austrians from North Italy. Created Treaties to expand and unify Italy.
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"The Jewish State"
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Speech by Thomas Herzl, 1896. Said that Jews should have a homeland.
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Pogroms
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Organized Movements against Jews at nighttime.
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Giuseppe Garibaldi
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(1807-1898). Led a unification movement in South Italy. Gave Italy to King Victor Emmanuel.
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Victor (Vittore) Emmanuel
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King of Piedmont and Sardinia. brought a new Monarchy, expanded Italy.
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Otto von Bismarck
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1815-1898. Prime Minister to King Wilhelm of Prussia. Realpolitik master, provoked 3 wars in Denmark, Austria and France to unify Germany.
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The Second Reich
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Second Reign belonged to the King of Prussia
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German Unification
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1871
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National Symbols
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Flags, anthems, you know?
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National education
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Public education in the late 19th Century. In UK, USA, Germany and France, 90% literacy rate by 1900.
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Cult of Domesticity
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Role of women was to stay in their homes (upper and middle class). Keep their homes clean and raise the children to be patriotic.
