AP World History Chapter 20 Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Ahmad Baba of Timbuktu
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against the enslavement of Muslims; Sudanic States took Muslim and pagan slaves
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Angola
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a republic in southwestern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean
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Boer
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a white native of Cape Province who is a descendant of Dutch settlers and who speaks Afrikaans
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Creole Slaves
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American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.
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factories
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Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.
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Fulani
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a family of languages of the Fulani people of West Africa and used as a lingua franca in the sub-Saharan regions from Senegal to Chad
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Indies piece
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A unit in the complex exchange system of the west African trade; based on the value of an adult male slave.
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Lesotho
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Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government.
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Suriname
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formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slavekingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerrila resistance
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Maroons
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Runaway slaves who gathered in mountainous, forested, or swampy areas and formed their own self-governing communities. raided plantations for supplies, had military skills from Africa.
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Nzinga Mvemba
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King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.
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Osei Tutu
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member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire; utilized Western firearms.
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Oyo
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yoruban city-state; had a king who used nobles in provinces. secret society of Ogboni checked the king's power
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Saltwater slaves
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Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black.
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Shaka
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A Zulu chief in Southern Africa who used soldiers and good military organization to create a large centralized state.
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Zulu
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a Bantu language of considerable literary importance in southeastern Africa
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vodun
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African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti.
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Oba
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title for the king of Benin
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Monomotapa
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Kingdom which stretched between Zambezi and Limpopo rivers of southern Africa, named that by Portuguese, dominance over gold found in interior of Africa, communicated with Arab port of Sofala on coast
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Afrikaners
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South Africans descended from Dutch and French settlers of the seventeenth century. Their Great Trek founded new settler colonies in the nineteenth century. Though a minority among South Africans, they held political power after 1910.
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obeah
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a religious belief of African origin involving witchcraft and sorcery
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El Mina
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Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa
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Jean Jacques Rousseau
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A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy
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triangular trade
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A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Aferica sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa
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Middle Passage
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The route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave trade
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Great Trek
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Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal.
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William Wilberforce
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British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807.
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Luanda
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Portuguese settlement founded in the 1520s; became the core for the colony of Angola.
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asantehene
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Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.
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Cushitic
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a group of languages spoken in Ethiopia and Somalia and northwestern Kenya and adjacent regions
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Creole Slaves
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American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.
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Mfecane
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Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.
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disapora
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The disperse of jewish people due to force
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Palmares
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Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8,000 to 10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan
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King Agaja
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(1708-1740) under him (in 1720s) the kingdom of Dahomey moved toward the coast (seizing the port town of Whydah in 1727)
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polygyny
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a polygamous mating system involving one male and many females
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Voortrekkers
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immigrants during the 1830s and 1840s who left the Cape Colony moving into the interior of what is now South Africa; took part in Great Trek
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candomble
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African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people.
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lancados
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Settlers and adventurers of Portuguese origin in Senegambia, the Cape Verde Islands and other areas of the West Africa. Many were Jews escaping persecution from the Portuguese Inquisition, and many had wives from the local African groups.
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Khoikhoi
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any of the Khoisan languages spoken by the pastoral people of Namibia and South Africa
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Asante
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African kingdom on the Gold Coast that expanded rapidly after 1680. Asante participated in the Atlantic economy, trading gold, slaves, and ivory. It resisted British imperial ambitions for a quarter century before being absorbed into Britain. 1902
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Luo
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Nilotic people who migrated from Upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro.
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Fulani
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a family of languages of the Fulani people of West Africa and used as a lingua franca in the sub-Saharan regions from Senegal to Chad
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Kongo Kingdom
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Large agricultural state on the lower Congo River; capital at Mbanza Kongo.
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Royal African Company
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A trading company chartered by the English government in 1672 to conduct its merchants' trade on the Atlantic coast of Africa.
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Dahomey
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Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.
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Nilotic migrations
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Movements that resulted in the construction of related dynasties among the states in the area of the large lakes of east central Africa
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John Wesley
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English clergyman and founder of Methodism (1703-1791)
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Swazi
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New African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane
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Cape Colony
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Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus.
