AP World History Chapter 10 Strayer – Flashcards with Answers
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Kievan Rus
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State that emerged around the city of Kiev in the 9th century; a culturally diverse region that included vikings as well as Finnic and Baltic peoples.
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System of Competing States
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The distinctive organization of Western European political life that developed after the fall of the Roman empire in the 5th century.
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Vladimir
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Grand Prince of Kiev whose conversion to Christianity led to the incorporation of Russia into the sphere of Eastern Orthodoxy
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Vikings
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Scandinavian raiders who had an impact on much of Western Europe in the late 8th to 11th century
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Natural Philosophy
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The scientific study of nature, which developed in the Middle Ages
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Holy Roman Empire
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The Germany-based empire founded by Otto in 962ce
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Hybrid Civilization
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The distinctive path of Western Europe in the centuries following the fall of the western Roman Empire, leading to a society that included elements of ancient Rome, the practices of Germanic invaders, Christianity, and elements of pre-Roman culture
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Iconoclasm
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The destruction of holy images; a term used most often to describe the Byzantine state policy of image destruction from 726-843
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Justinian
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Byzantine emperor noted for his short lived reconquest of much of the former Western Roman Empire and for his codification of Roman law
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Indulgence
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A remission of the penalty for confessed sin that could be granted only by the pope.
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Cyril and Methodius
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9th century Byzantine missionaries to the Slavs whose development of Cyrillic script made it possible to write Slavic languages
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Cyrillic
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Alphabet based on Greek letters that was developed by two Byzantine missionaries, Cyril and Methodius, to write Slavic languages
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European Cities
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Western Europe saw a major process of urbanization beginning in the 11th century, with towns that created major trade networks and that were notable for the high degree of independence they often enjoyed
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Greek Fire
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Form of liquid fire that could be sprayed at the enemy. Invented by the Byzantines and important in their efforts to halt Arab advance in Byzantine territory.
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Guild
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An association formed by people pursuing the same line of work that regulates their professions and also provides a social and religious network for members
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Charlemagne
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Ruler of the Carolingian empire who staged an imperial revival in Western Europe
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Crusades
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A term used to describe the holy wars waged by Western Christendom from 1095 until the end of the Middle Ages and beyond
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Roman Catholic Christianity
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Western European branch of Christianity that gradually defined itself as separate from Eastern Orthodoxy, with a major break in 1054ce that still has not been healed.
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Eastern Orthodox Christianity
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Branch of Christianity that developed in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire and gradually separated from the branch of Christianity dominant in Western Europe
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Constantinople
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New capital city for the Eastern half of the Roman Empire, established in 330ce
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Byzantine Empire
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The surviving eastern Roman Empire during the medieval centuries
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Caesaropapism
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A political religious system in which the secular ruler is also head of the religious establishment
