AP World History Ch 14 Vocab – Flashcards
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Tumens
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Basic fighting units of the Mongol forces; consisted of 10,000 cavalrymen; each unit was further divided into units of 1000, 100, and 10.
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Timur-I Lang
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Leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, lanuched series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and sourhtern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405.
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Ju Yuanzhang
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Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan in 14th century; founded Ming dynasty.
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Karakorum
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Capital of the Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan.
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Chinggis Khan
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An astute political strategist and brilliant military commander; ruler of Mongols from 1206 to 1227; responsible for the Mongol expansion
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Tangut
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Ruler of Xia-Xia kingdom of northwest China; one of the regional kingdoms during period of southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226.
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Muhammad Shah II
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Turkic ruler of Muslim Khwarazm kingdom; attempted to resist Mongol conquest; conquered in 1220.
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Shamanistic religion
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Focused on the worship of nature spirits
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Batu
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Ruler of the Golden Horde; one of Chinggis Khan's grandsons; responsible for invasion of Russia beginning in 1236.
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Ogadei
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Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols follwing his father's death.
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Golden Horde
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One of the four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death; territory covered much of what is today south central Russia.
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Metropolitan
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Head of the Russian Orthodox hurch; located at Moscow
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Prester John
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Name given to a mythical Chrisitan monarch whose kingdom had supposedly been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests; Chinggis Khan was orginally believed to be this mythical ruler.
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Ilkhan Khanate
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One of four regional khanates, or subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death; located south of the Golden Horde; eventually conquered much of territory of Abbasid Empire.
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Hulegu
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Ruler of the Ilkhan khanate; grandson of Chinggis Khan; repsonsible for capture and destruction of Baghdad.
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Mameluks
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Mulsim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 120 and halted Mongol advance.
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Kublai Khan
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Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of the Mongol forces responsible for the conquest of China; became khagan in 1260; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271.
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Tatu
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Mongol capital of yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing.
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Chabi
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Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; promoted interests of Buddhists in China; indicative of the refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese.
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Nestorians
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A Christian sect found in Asia; tended to support Islamic invasions of this area in preference to Byzantine rule; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions.
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white Lotus Society
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Secret society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule.
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1206
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(year) Temujin takes the name of Chinggis Khan; Mongol state is founded.
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1240
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(year) Mongol invasion of western Europe
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1258
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(year) Mongol destruction of Baghdad
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1279
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(year) End the Mongols; continuous march fighting of battles, and besieging innumberable, well fortified Chinese cities.
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1368
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(year) End of the reign of the Yuan (Mongol) dynasty in China.
