AP US History Crash Course 2 – Flashcards
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Foreign Entanglements
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In his Farewell Address, George Washington warned of this in particular.
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Revolution of 1800
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The victory of Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans ended the Federalist Decade in this.
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Jeffersonian Democracy
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A system of ideas. Included: the yeoman farmer best exemplifies virtue and independence, the federal government must not violate the rights of the states, the freedoms of speech and the press are essential, and the President should practice Republican simplicity.
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Marbury v. Madison
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A case in 1803 which established the principle of judicial review, that the Supreme Court should determine whether a piece of legislation is constitutional or not.
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American System
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Henry Clay's plan of internal improvements, developing infrastructure to increase trade and unity.
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Tariff of Abominations
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A tariff passed in 1828, after several tariffs passed between 1816 and 1828, all of which were intended to protect. This tariff went too far and provoked John C. Calhoun to formulate his doctrine of nullification.
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Worcester v. Georgia
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A case in 1831 in which, unlike other Native American tribes, the Cherokees challenged the removal order in court. Cherokees won, but Jackson refused to recognize "John Marhall's" decision.
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Second Bank of the United States
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President Jackson vigorously opposed this, claiming that it catered to special privileges. His war against this helped bring about the Whigs, a party which hated him.
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The Cult of Domesticity
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Another term for the concept of Republican Motherhood, a concept which said women should only be concerned with domestic, family, and religious affairs.
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Seneca Falls Convention
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Took place in 1848, organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Lucretia Mott, and issued the "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions."
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Dorothea Dix
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A woman not involved in the women's rights movement but in the reform of treatment of people with mental and emotional disabilities.
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The Liberator
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A radical abolitionist newspaper edited by William Lloyd Garrison. (Please note, Garrison was also a supporter of women's rights)
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Transcendentalism
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A philosophical and literary movement of the 1800s which emphasized living a simple life while celebrating the truth in nature, emotion, and imagination. (Think Thoreau and Emerson)
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The Mexican War
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A war which was strongly opposed by Abraham Lincoln and the Whigs. Ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
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The Compromise of 1850
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The result of negotiations between Stephen A. Douglas, Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, and John C. Calhoun. Admitted California as a free state, abolished slavery in D.C. and so on.
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The Dred Scott Case
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Case in which it was stated slaves could not sue in federal court because they were not citizens.
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Border States
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Kentucky and Maryland were what during the Civil War?
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Battle of Antietam
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This Civil War battle ended with a Union victory, convincing France and England to remain neutral, and allowing Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
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Thirteenth Amendment
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Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude.
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Fourteenth Amendment
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Made former slaves citizens and provided for equal protection of the laws for all citizens.
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Fifteenth Amendment
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Provided suffrage for Black males. (Stirred controversy, caused a split, among women's rights supporters)
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Case in 1896 which upheld segregation, "separate but equal" accommodations.
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Brown v. Board of Education
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Case in 1957 which reversed Plessy v. Ferguson and outlawed segregation.
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Booker T. Washington
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Called on African Americans to seek economic opportunities rather than political rights.
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Century of Dishonor
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A book written by Helen Hunt Jackson and published in 1881. It aroused public awareness of the federal government's long record of betraying and cheating Native Americans.
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Frontier Thesis
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Frederick Jackson Turner's writing on the origin of the distinctive aggressive, violent, innovative and democratic features of the American character.
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Knights of Labor
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Organized all skilled and unskilled workers into one union, striving for a cooperative society.
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Industrial Workers of the World
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Organized all skilled and unskilled workers into one union, embracing class conflict and violent tactics.
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American Federation of Labor
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Organized skilled workers, repudiated violence, and fought for higher wages and better working conditions.
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Federal Reserve Act (of 1913)
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Act supported by Woodrow Wilson which established a system of district banks coordinated by a central board. Made currency and credit more elastic.
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Lost Generation
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A group of writers in the 1920s, including Fitzgerald and Lewis, which criticized materialism and conformity.
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Long Telegram
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An influential article written by George Kenna, an American diplomat, urging the United States to focus on containing the spread of Soviet influence.
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McCarthyism
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The making of public accusations of disloyalty without sufficient evidence.
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Dr. King
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Leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
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Beat Generation
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Group of writers of the 1950s, led by Kerouac, focusing on alienation, conformity, and materialism.
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The Great Society
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A plan which included: the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, Medicare, Medicaid, the War on Poverty, and programs offering federal aid for education.
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Betty Friedan
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Author of The Feminine Mystique and the first president of the National Organization for Women.
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George Wallace
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Once governor of Alabama, a segregationist that ran as the candidate of the American Independent Party in 1968 and won five states in the South.
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Bacon's Rebellion
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Exposed tensions between backcountry farmers (former indentured slaves) and the tidewater gentry. Prompted the gentry to reevaluate their commitment to the system of indentured servants.
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Stono Rebellion
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A rebellion of slaves which took place in South Carolina in 1739. They tried to flee to Spanish Florida.
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Abigail Adams
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Told her husband in a letter to "remember the ladies and be more generous and favorable to them."
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John Marshall
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A judicial nationalist who opposed states' rights.
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Wagner Act
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Act in 1935 which ensured the workers' right to organize and bargain collectively. Led to a dramatic increase in labor union membership.
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Taft-Hartley Act
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Act of 1947 which aimed to limit the power of labor unions.
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Columbian Exchange
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The exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the New World and Europe following the discovery of America in 1492.
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Gospel of Wealth
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The belief that the rich were the guardians of society's wealth and had a duty to serve society in humane ways. (Think Andrew Carnegie)
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Taylorism
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A system of scientific management developed by Frederick W. Taylor, seeking to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted motion.
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Vertical Integration
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When a company controls both the production and distribution of its product such as in Andrew Carnegie's control over the steel industry.
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Horizontal Integration
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When one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
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Massive Retaliation
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A military doctrine associated with President Eisenhower's secretary of state, John Foster Dulles. The idea was that the United States would retaliate with massive force against any attack by the Soviet Union, or other hostile power.
