AP US History Chapter 30 – Flashcards
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What was the immigration Act of 1965?
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least controversial but most imprtant pieces of Johnsons great society legislation ended national orgin quotas, 20,000 for every country, priority to those with close family ties or special skills. refugees
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Who is the largest private sector employer in the U.S.?
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Wal-mart
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What was the apollo program?
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Space program promising manned mission to the moon by 1970, Neil Armstrong first to walk on the moon, apollo flights continue until 1972
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Which Latin American or Caribbean country could win the right to immigrate to the U.S. during the 1980's?
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Cuba
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Why did the SunBelt Grow?
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Air conditioning, retirement communities, lower labor costs, absence of string unions, high tech industries, space industry
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What was the Sundance Film Festival?
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To encourage "offbeat" screen writing and direction
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What changed about the study of mass culture from the 50's to the 90s?
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instead of seeing consumers as cultural drones who passively soaked up worthless products it stressed peoples creative interaction w/commercial culture. embraced multiculturalism.
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What happened to the labor movement during the 1990s?
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more technology jobs, computer revolution leads to downsizing and mergers. Decline in manufacturing jobs. Labor union membership dropped, unions struggled to get into new areas.
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What are Neoconservatives?
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"NeoCons anticommunist liberals who thought democratic party was abandoning anticommunist foreign policy and catering to social activists, moved rightward and embraced the republicans wrote lively essays and denounced social programs
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Who was Cesar Chavez?
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Charasmatic leader who emulated nonviolent tactics of MLK, vaulter the United Farm Workers into public attention during 1970s , hunger strikes , boycotts, established ties with liberal democrats.
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What was the "Tailhook" incident?
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Navy officials covered up sexual harassment at Tailhook convention. Provoked outrage and led many high ranking officials to step down.
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During the 1980's over half of the new jobs paid a yearlyt salary of what?
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less than $7,000
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What groups are part of the "new Right"?
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Older activists, neoconservatives, grass roots protestants
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What was the Refugee Act of 1980?
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specified that political refugees seeking admission could be admitted if fleeing overt persecution but those seeking to improve economic lot would be denied.
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How have mass demonstrations been covered recently?
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Seldom covered by media unless sparked violent conflict
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What was the O.J. Simpson trial?
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Sports star + media personality on trial for two murders, sparked lasting debate about racial identity and law. Found not guilty (misconduct by police officers) blacks generally support decision, whites generally outraged
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Welfare payments changed from the 70s to the 90s how?
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Fell from 577 per month to 430 per month
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From which nation do most Spanish-speaking Americans come from?
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Mexico
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What show was a big hit for the Fox Network?
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The Simpsons
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What was business restructuring like in the late 20th century?
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companies cut their work force and trim management as they downsized and merge. types of jobs switched to technology.
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What characterized the television industry of the 80s and 90s?
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competition between national channels, independent stations, and cable
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What were some of the business changes that occurred during the 80s and 90s?
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Downsizing merges, switch from industrial jobs to desk work. Widening gap between salaries
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What were the central cities like at the end of teh 20th century?
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80% of Americans lived in Metropolitan areas. Suburbs became urban corridors, sprouted edge cities, malls, low income populations, rising rates of homelessness and crime, declining schools, urban decay until a revival turned things around and cities became safer, mor convenient and culturally vibrant.
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Who staged a sit-in at Alcatraz?
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people from several tribes. designed to dramatize history of broken treaty promises. "Pan-indian" in nature
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Why do political and social critics oppose multiculturalism?
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Multiculturalism, they say, debases intelligent life
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After 1970 what happened to the average age for women to marry?
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higher than anytime since statistics began being collected in th 19th century
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During the 70s and 80s where did most immigrants come from?
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Mexico
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What was the fastest growing region by the 70s and 80s?
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South and West
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Who was Anita Hill?
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African American Law Professor who accursed Clarence Thomas, a nominee for the supreme court, or sexual harassment
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What was the Stonewall Inn?
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Bar in greenwhich Village, raided by NYC police, confrontation with bar's largely homosexual patrons. Patrons resisited arrest
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What was La Raza Unida?
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Movement founded in 1967, began to win local elections. Mexican activism and conservation of culture.
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Which minority group was largest by the 80s and 90s?
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Hispanic Americans
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What were the fastest growing states between 1940 and 1959?
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Nevada, California, Florida, and Arizona
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Which region lost political power due to population shifts?
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North east
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What was the birth rate like after the 1970s?
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slowed significantly to only abou 1 % per year
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What happened to Urban Crime during the 1990s?
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Lowered due to more policing, aging population, and harsher sentencing
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What is MALDEF?
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Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund. Established in 1968 w/ funds from Ford Foundation. Most visible national group, ready to lobby or litigate on behalf of Mexican Americans
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What is racial profiling?
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practice that could touch any races. prominent issue. African Americans were detained as suspects more often, raised questions about rights of equal protection and made people doubt the legal system
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What is the Human Genome Project?
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Deepend scientist's understanding of genetic engeneering and may pave roads for gene transfer, embryo manipulation, tissue regeneration and cloning
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What is characteristic of new Hollywood?
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A parthnership between hollywood and television
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What became characteristic of workers by the late 20th century?
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Union membership declines
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What is the immigration reform and control act?
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1986 imposed stricter penalties on businesses employing undocumented workers, granted residency to people who could prove that they had been living in the U.S. since 1982
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What is multiculturalism?
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attention to women, political outsiders, non western writers and artists
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Who is Toni Morrison?
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African American who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993
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