Question 1

Which of the following describes the idea that psychological disorders can be diagnosed and treated?

Accepted Answer

medical model

Question 2

Which of the following is the primary purpose of the DSM?

Accepted Answer

diagnosis of mental disorders

Question 3

Which of the following disorders do Americans report most frequently?

Accepted Answer

mood

Question 4

What do we call an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation?

Accepted Answer

phobia

Question 5

A person troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 6

The key difference between obsessions and compulsions is that compulsions involve repetitive

Accepted Answer

behaviors

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

auditory hallucinations

Question 8

Which of the following is true of depression?

Accepted Answer

compared with men, nearly twice as many women have been diagnosed with this

Question 9

Which of the following is true of suicide?

Accepted Answer

In the United States, it is more common among Whites than Blacks

Question 10

Based on brain scans, which of the following is true of brain function and mood?

Accepted Answer

the brain is more active during manic episodes and less active during depressive episodes

Question 11

Xavier, who has a negative explanatory style, is most likely to get depressed after failing a math test if he believes that he failed because

Accepted Answer

the room was very hot and stuffy

Question 12

Which of the following is the best term or phrase for a false belief, often of persecution, that may accompany psychotic disorders?

Accepted Answer

delusion

Question 13

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

fetuses exposed to flu virus are more likely to develop schizophrenia later in life

Question 14

According to research, which of the following has been identified as an early warning sigh of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

poor peer relations and solo play

Question 15

Adela regularly interprets ordinary physical symptoms like stomach cramps and headaches as serious medical problems. Her doctor is unable to convince her that her problems are not serious. Adela suffers from

Accepted Answer

illness anxiety disorder

Question 16

Which of the following is the diagnosis given to people with multiple personalities?

Accepted Answer

dissociative identity disorder

Question 17

Which of the following is defining characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

lack of conscience

Question 18

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

someone suffering from depression will get better only with therapy and medication

Question 19

The risk of major depression and bipolar disorder dramatically increases if you

Accepted Answer

have a parent or sibling with the disorder

Question 20

What do mental health professionals call a clinically significant disturbance in an individual\'s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior?

Accepted Answer

a psychological disorder

Question 21

Adolescent mood swings might be misdiagnosed as which psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

bipolar disorder

Question 22

A split from reality that shows itself in disorganized thinking, disturbed perceptions, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotions is associated with which psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

schizophrenia

Question 23

The nearly 1-in-100 odds of any person being diagnosed with schizophrenia become about 1 in 10 among those

Accepted Answer

whose identical twin has it as well

Question 24

Which of the following can be characterized as a compulsion?

Accepted Answer

checking repeatedly to see if doors are locked

Question 25

Sensory experiences without sensory stimulation are called

Accepted Answer

hallucinations

Question 26

What is the most common reason people seek mental health services?

Accepted Answer

depression

Question 27

Brain-scanning techniques reveal what kinds of brain activity differences in people with chronic schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

abnormal activity in multiple brain areas

Question 28

Which personality disorder is associated with lack of regret over violating others\' rights?

Accepted Answer

antisocial personality disorder

Question 29

What term refers to thought about who or what we blame for our successes and failures?

Accepted Answer

explanatory style

Question 30

Although some psychological disorders are culture-bound, others are universal. Which of the following disorders is found in every known culture?

Accepted Answer

schizophrenia

Question 31

Modern psychologists contend that all behavior, whether it is called normal or disordered, arises from the interaction of

Accepted Answer

nature and nurture

Question 32

Which of the following are symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

unexplainable and continual tension

Question 33

Many clinical psychologists incorporate a variety of approaches into their therapy. They are said to take a(n) ___________ approach.

Accepted Answer

eclectic

Question 34

What do psychodynamic therapists call the blocking of anxiety-laden material from the conscious?

Accepted Answer

resistance

Question 35

Which of the following is one of the ways humanistic therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies?

Accepted Answer

humanist therapies focus on promoting growth, not curing illness.

Question 36

Which of the following is a feature of client-centered therapy?

Accepted Answer

active listening

Question 37

Dr. Welle tries to help her clients by teaching them to modify the things they do when under stress or experiencing symptoms. This means that Dr. Welle engages in ______________ therapy.

Accepted Answer

behavior

Question 38

Mary Cover Jones helped a little boy named Peter overcome his fear of rabbits by gradually moving a rabbit closer to him each day while he was eating his snack. This was one of the first applications of

Accepted Answer

exposure therapy

Question 39

On which of the following are token economies based?

Accepted Answer

operant conditioning

Question 40

Which of the following is considered a benefit of group therapy?

Accepted Answer

it saves time and money when compared with other forms of therapy

Question 41

Which of the following does the text\'s author call psychology\'s most powerful tool for sorting reality from wishful thinking?

Accepted Answer

control group

Question 42

Which of the following best describes meta-analysis?

Accepted Answer

a way to combine the results of lots of studies

Question 43

Which of the following is the best phrase for a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client who are working to overcome the client\'s problem?

Accepted Answer

therapeutic alliance

Question 44

Which neurotransmitter is affected by antipsychotic medications?

Accepted Answer

dopamine

Question 45

Which of the following is most effectively treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Accepted Answer

depression

Question 46

Which of the following was the purpose of lobotomies?

Accepted Answer

to separate the reasoning centers of the brain from the emotional centers

Question 47

In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of dogs, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with dogs) with a new stimulus that causes a response that is incompatible with fear (for example, an appealing snack or toy). Which clinical orientation is this therapist using?

Accepted Answer

behavioral

Question 48

Which of the following is a similarity between humanistic and psychoanalytic therapies?

Accepted Answer

both approaches are generally considered insight therapies

Question 49

A psychotherapist who uses a blend of therapies is practicing what kind of approach?

Accepted Answer

eclectic

Question 50

Some patients whose depression resists drugs have benefited from which experimental treatment?

Accepted Answer

deep-brain stimulation

Question 51

Which kind of drug is most closely associated with increasing the availability of norepinephrine or serotonin?

Accepted Answer

antidepressant

Question 52

Which of the following is seen as an effective treatment for severe depression that does not respond to drug therapy?

Accepted Answer

ECT

Question 53

Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) in a therapy session is called

Accepted Answer

active listening

Question 54

In the context of psychoanalytic theory, experiencing strong positive or negative feelings for your analyst is a sign of what?

Accepted Answer

transference

Question 55

In which kind of therapy would the therapist be most likely to note the following during a session: \"Blocks in the flow of free associations indicate resistance\"?

Accepted Answer

psychoanalysis

Question 56

Which kind of therapy below is most closely associated with the goal of altering thoughts and actions?

Accepted Answer

cognitive-behavioral

Question 57

Allowing people to discover, in a social context, that others have problems similar to their own is a unique benefit of what kind of therapy?

Accepted Answer

group

Question 58

Which of the following therapeutic approaches is scientifically supported?

Accepted Answer

cognitive therapy

Question 59

Most antipsychotic drugs mimic a certain neurotransmitter by blocking its activity at the receptor sites. These drugs affect which one of the following neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

dopamine

Question 60

Which of the following is not recommended by therapists as a way to help prevent or get over depression?

Accepted Answer

recovered-memory therapies

Question 61

A psychotherapist states, \"Getting people to change what they say to themselves is an effective way to change their thinking.\" This statement best exemplifies which kind of therapeutic approach?

Accepted Answer

cognitive

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