Ap Human Geography Unit 4 Chapter 8 Study Guide – Flashcards
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Colonialism
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rule by an autonomous power over a subordinate and alien people and place
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Unitary state
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a nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state
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Sovereignty
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a principle of international relations that holds that final authority over social, economic, and political matters should rest with the legitimate rulers of independent states
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Colony
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a territory tied to a state rather than completely independent
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Nation-State
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theoretically, a recognized member of the modern state system possessing formal sovereignty and occupied by a people who see themselves as a single, united nation. Used as a synonym for country or state
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Compact State
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the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly; Good communication can be established to all regions
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Frontier
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a zone where no state has complete political control
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Boundary
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invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory
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Microstate
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states with small land area
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Elongated state
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states with long, narrow shape; Chile, Malawi and Gambia
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What claims could the british empire make during its reign around 1900?
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the british empire was bigger than any of European states empire british countries were located on every continent
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What ancient civilization was known for having the first powerful city-states?
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Mesopotamia
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How was the world different after the Cold war?
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Economic competition was more important than military competition
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What geographic feature separates Chile and Argentina?
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the Andes Mountains
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In what terms can you describe the boundary between the United States and Mexico?
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Water, Language, and Geometry
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Over the past century, how would you describe the number of sovereign countries in the world?
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It has increased by more than a hundred
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Why have so many states adopted the federal form of government?
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To satisfy the demands of competing nationalites
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What are some reasons that motivated Europeans to colonized different parts of the world?
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God, Gold, and Glory
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What was a major factor in setting new boundaries of states after WW1 in Europe?
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Language
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How did Poland distribute its power after the fall of communism?
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Delegated power to local governments ( federal system )
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What has been the major affect of European colonialism in Africa?
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Political/Social turmoil due to inappropriate colonial boundaries
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What colony is the most populous in the world? Who rules it?
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Puerto Rico; United States
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Name some of landlocked states in Africa.
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Niger, Chad, Central African Republic, South Sudan, and Zambia
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What are the two nationalities make up the island of Cyprus?
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Greek and Turkish
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What are some powerful centripetal forces in the modern state?
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Language, culture, holidays, natural disaster, economic stress and mass communication
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Where did most of the whites in South Africa emigrate from?
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The Netherlands and Great Britain
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Name some countries that are good examples of a federal state, based on info from your textbook.
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United States
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What four countries were part of Yugoslavia until early 1900s?
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Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia, and Slovenia
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What are some examples of nations/areas divided into more than one state?
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Korea, China, Taiwan
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What is the main purpose of the European Union?
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To promote economic growth in Europe
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What was the main purpose of NAFTA?
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To promote economic cooperation between US, Mexico, and Canada
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What are some ways that make up a cultural boundary?
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Language and Religion
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What states are not made a member of the United States?
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Kosovo, Taiwan, and Vatican City
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What was the main difference between the way France and UK governed its colonies?
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British allowed cultures in their territories to remain intact, France made their subject people "French"
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What two cities in Morocco are controlled by Spain?
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Ceuta and Melilia
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What are three reasons states cooperate with other states?
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Militarily, politically, and economically
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What is the world's largest state?
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Russia
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What are the differences between physical and cultural boundaries and which is more natural?
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Cultural boundaries are more natural than physical boundaries
