AP Human Geography Rubenstien’s Ch. 1 Vocab – Flashcards
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| Agricultural density |
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| ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture |
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| base line |
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| east / west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the USA |
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| concentration |
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| spread of something over a given area |
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| culture |
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| body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people's distinct tradition |
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| density |
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| frequency with which something exists in a given unit of area |
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| diffusion |
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| process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another |
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| distribution |
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| arrangement of something across earth's surface |
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| environmental determinism |
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| a 19 and early 20th century approach to the study of geography that argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences; therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities |
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| formal region |
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| AKA UNIFORM/HOMOGENOUS REGION; area in which everyone shares one or more distinctive characteristics |
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| functional region |
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| AKA NODAL REGION; area organized around a node or focal point |
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| Greenwich Mean Time |
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| time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0° longitude |
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| hearth |
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| region from which innovative ideas originate |
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| Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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| law that divided much of the USA into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers |
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| location |
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| position of anything on earth's surface |
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| map |
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| 2D, or flat, representation of earth's surface, or a portion of it |
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| pattern |
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| geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area |
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| place |
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| specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character |
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| polder |
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| land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area |
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| possibilism |
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| theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have to ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives |
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| Prime Meridian |
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| 0° longitude which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England |
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| Principal Meridian |
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| North / South line designated in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the USA |
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| projection |
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| system used to transfer locations from earth's surface to a flat map |
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| regional studies |
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| AKA CULTURAL LANDSCAPE; an approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area |
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| section |
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| a square 1 mile per side; Land Ordinance of townships in the US into 36 different sections |
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| space |
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| physical gap or interval between two objects |
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| space-time compression |
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| reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems |
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| toponym |
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| name given to a portion of earth's surface |
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| township |
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| square normally 6 miles on a side; Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the USA into a series of townships |
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| transnational corporation |
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| company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters are located |
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| uneven development |
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| increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy |
